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Biomedical subjects

H Vogelsang

Publications and source records attributed to H Vogelsang.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Comparative MR and CT research in selected neuroradiological problems].

Magnetic resonance (MR) is a new digital imaging method which is of particular interest in the radiological diagnosis of the central nervous system. It provides a new form for demonstrating the brain and the spinal cord. To evaluate the scope of the method, it was compared with CT. The results in patients with epilepsy of unknown origin, cerebral infarcts, sellar space-occupying lesions and spinal angiomas are described. MR provides information concerning tumours causing epilepsy and also fresh infarcts at an earlier stage than CT. MR has not, so far, provided any new insights in the diagnosis of sellar tumours or spinal angiomas. In these cases, MR can, nevertheless, compete with CT and with conventional radiological methods. Present experience, particularly with problem cases, indicates that MR is becoming an important method of examination in neuroradiology.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Role of cardiac sympathetic nerves in the genesis of myocardial ischemia distal to coronary stenoses.

This manuscript summarizes the effects of cardiac sympathetic nerve activation on coronary blood flow and myocardial function, metabolism, and morphology distal to stenoses. Whereas cardiac sympathetic nerve activation induces an increase in myocardial function and metabolism accompanied by metabolic coronary dilation under physiological conditions, this response is different in the presence of coronary stenoses. With decreasing coronary hyperemic reserve, distal to an increasing degree of coronary stenosis, the predominant response to sympathetic stimulation is continuously shifted from metabolic dilation to alpha-adrenergic vasoconstriction. With a severe coronary stenosis, both electrical stimulation of cardiac sympathetic nerves and reflex sympathetic activation by carotid occlusion induce poststenotic vasoconstriction and ischemia of the dependent myocardium. Poststenotic vasoconstriction is mediated by vascular alpha 2-adrenoceptors and is prevented by phentolamine, rauwolscine, and nifedipine. Prolonged sympathetic activation even results in patchy subendocardial necroses. There is a vicious cycle between poststenotic vasoconstriction, myocardial ischemia, and cardiac sympathetic nerve activity that results in a progressive perfusion impairment during 20 min severe coronary stenosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[CT findings in chordomas of the base of the skull].

Nine chordomas of the skull base and their CT appearances are described. Destruction of the clivus and of the parasellar portions of the middle fossa are characteristic, as is calcification which may be spotty, coarse or ill-defined. The tumour is characterised by marked enhancement following contrast but, on the unenhanced CT, contrary to statements in the literature, it is hypodense or isodense with respect to cerebral tissue. The tendency to recurrence and an altogether poor prognosis is confirmed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[The quantitative determination of the IgM rheumatoid factor using a solid-phase radioimmunoassay. Comparison with the agglutination test and the radioimmuno-polyethyleneglycol precipitation test].

A solid-phase radioimmunoassay capable of detecting nanogram quantities of human IgM rheumatoid factor using a monoclonal anti-mu-chain antibody is described. Human IgG did not interfere with the detection of IgM RF by this method. The small nonspecific binding of nonRF IgM to the human IgG coated tubes utilized in the assay must be corrected for by assaying samples in parallel bovine serum albumin coated control tubes only in cases of deviation of IgM from normal range. 69 coded and randomly arranged sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), nonrheumatic joint diseases and healthy adult control subjects were investigated by this method, agglutination techniques as well as RIPEGA. A good correlation between solid-phase radioimmunoassay and agglutination techniques was found. Patients with seropositive RA had significantly higher concentrations of IgM RF than seronegative RA patients or control subjects (mean +/- 1 SD = 133,3 +/- 187,2 micrograms/ml versus 4,7 +/- 6,5 micrograms/ml and 2,2 +/- 4,0 micrograms/ml; resp.).

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1985

[Intrasacral meningoceles].

The author reports on 8 patients with cystic enlargements of the canalis sacralis (occult intrasacral maningocele). The clinical pattern of signs, x-ray findings (plain radiography, myelography, computed tomography) and possible treatment are discussed in comparison with the cases published to date.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Etiopathogenetic aspects of psoriatic arthritis with special reference to immunologic factors].

On 21 patients with psoriasis and 22 with psoriatric arthritis examinations for the recognition of the immune regulation were performed and the results were compared with those of healthy control persons and patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The psoriatric arthritis shows humoral as well as cellular disturbances of immune regulations which in the group comparison with the psoriasis and the rheumatoid arthritis partly have communities, but partly also have differences. With regard to size and distinction of the disturbances the patients with rheumatoid arthritis have the highest degree of severity. With the help of the techniques used by us systemic cellular disturbances of the immune regulations could not be proved in the psoriasis. The psoriatic arthritis to a certain extent occupies a medium position. But a clear coordination of these disturbances into the pathogenetic process is not yet possible.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMed1984

[Doppler frequency spectrum analysis of extracranial carotid artery lesions].

Signals registered from the extracranial carotid artery by direct Doppler-ultrasound with a MHz transducer were subjected to real-time frequency spectrum analysis. A systolic maximal frequency over 3500 Hz was considered abnormal, together with a broadened spectrum. The study was made on 157 subsequently operated carotid arteries, not all of which had previous angiographic studies. Of 47 with a normal angiogram 45 were correctly classified non-invasively (specificity 96%). The non-invasive diagnosis was correct in 16 of 17 occlusions of the internal carotid artery demonstrated angiographically. An abnormal Doppler frequency analysis was present in only 7 of 14 stenoses with a decreased vessel lumen below 25%. An abnormal Doppler frequency analysis was present in 78 of 79 stenoses with more than 25% reduction in lumen diameter, diagnostic sensitivity for all stenoses being 91%.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Intravenous digital subtraction angiography in the detection of spinal angiomas].

In every case in whom the myelogram suggests abnormal vascularity, a spinal arteriogram by means of intravenous DSA is indicated. This should be regarded as a screening method in order to confirm the suspected diagnosis of a spinal angioma and to ascertain its extent. After embolisation or surgery, intravenous DSA is a suitable method for observing the result of the treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Pseudomeningoceles--a rare complication following lumbar intervertebral disk operations].

Pseudomeningoceles arising in connexion with an intervertebral disc operation are a very rare complication in our own material, with an incidence of less than 0.1%. The patients complaints resemble very closely those of an intervertebral disc prolapse, with symptoms of lumbago and lumbo-ischial pain, with, at times, definite root irritation. The diagnosis is usually made, on average 2-3 years after the preceding operation. The myelographic findings confirm the diagnosis, but the introduction of spinal CT is promising for the future. After removal of the meningocele and closure of the dura, complete freedom from symptoms is usually achieved.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Use of intravenous digital subtraction angiography in the preoperative diagnosis of hypophyseal tumors].

The authors report on examinations performed via intravenous digital subtraction angiography in 19 patients with tumours of the pituitary gland who had been subjected to transnasal/transethmoidal removal of the tumour. It is easy to verify the course of the internal carotid artery in the region of the sinus cavernosus and thus the measurable distance of the internal carotid artery from the median line, as well as displacements of horizontal segments of the anterior cerebral artery. It is possible to exclude aneurysms. Basing on these results, bilateral conventional angiography of the carotid artery can usually be omitted. In this manner, diagnostic risk can be significantly reduced.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1983

Marker and functional characterization of immunoregulatory cells in rheumatoid arthritis.

In 34 patients with rheumatoid arthritis we determined the regulatory index OKT 4: OKT 8 and the suppressor index delta 24: delta 0. There is no correlation between the results of the detection of subpopulations with monoclonal antibodies and of the functional test to determine the suppressor activity. The enhanced mitogen-induced proliferation after 24-h preincubation is regularly associated with a rise in the regulatory index; however, without convincing quantitative correlation. It can be concluded, that only a small portion of the cell population identified by monoclonal antibodies OKT 4 and OKT 8 exerts helper or suppressor activities. At present, identification of regulatory T-cell subpopulation should be complemented by functional tests.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1983

[Computed tomographic findings and controls in craniocerebral gunshot wounds].

31 patients with craniocerebral gunshot wounds were examined in the acute phase and 14 out of 22 survivors followed up for a period of up to 3 years. The clinical and CT findings as well as treatment measures are explained. The value of CT is convincingly demonstrated with this type of injury, as with others, but its prognostic value including prediction of follow-up results remains limited.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Human transfer factor. I. Production by the great pool technic and the biochemical and immunological characteristics of the preparation].

A great pool procedure for producing human transfer factor preparations from buffy-coats of stored whole blood which has not been used up till now is described. From an initial tool size of about 1,500 units of whole blood the procedure represented makes it possible to gain higher amounts of uniform and in their immunological efficacy in vitro standardizable preparations for controlled long-term therapy studies. By means of various immunological in vitro tests, stimulating as well as suppressing activities of the charges obtained could be identified. Starting from the differentiated immunological effects of various charges of the transfer factor on T-cell populations in vitro, the possibility of influencing T-cell subpopulations through well-conceived therapeutic measures by a transfer factor is discussed.

Adult↗