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Biomedical subjects

H Vernon

Publications and source records attributed to H Vernon.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Manipulation and pain tolerance. A controlled study of the effect of spinal manipulation on paraspinal cutaneous pain tolerance levels.

The response of paraspinal cutaneous pain tolerance levels to spinal manipulation has not been studied in an experimental model. This paper proposes such a model of pain tolerance measurement and describes the results of a controlled study of 50 assymptomatic subjects. The group receiving a spinal manipulation demonstrated a 140% increase in local cutaneous pain tolerance levels which was statistically significant (p less than 0.05). This is consistent with previous hypotheses regarding the mode of action of manipulation in the relief of spinal pain.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The four quadrant weight scale: a technical and procedural review.

A discussion is presented of the four-quadrant weight scale; a postural analysis unit developed by the chiropractic profession to evaluate weight-bearing in the sagittal and frontal body planes. This report summarizes the technical description of the apparatus and attempts to establish a standardized procedural protocol. The normal and several aberrant weight-bearing patterns, and their clinical implications are discussed. Possible research applications for the future are suggested.

Biometry↗
PubMed1983

An assessment of the intra- and inter-reliability of the posturometer.

While posture is an ever-changing phenomenon, some reliable baseline of measurement must be devised if postural assessment is to be considered as an integral component of chiropractic spinal analysis. In this study, 80 male subjects were subjected to postural assessment using the posturometer. The level of intra and interobserver correspondence was calculated for these measurements and found to be in the 75-80% range. The study concludes that with minor exceptions as explained, this indicates a significant level of reliability sufficient to provide a standard of reference for postural assessments.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Static and dynamic roentgenography in the diagnosis of degenerative disc disease: a review and comparative assessment.

The use of static-postural and dynamic-bending roentgenography by the medical and chiropractic professions was reviewed and a retrospective study of 30 symptomatic subjects was conducted to compare the diagnostic discrimination of dynamic lateral bending (DLB) procedures to that of a previously-reported static-postural method (Farfan) in determining the lumbar spine level which is most predisposed to the eventual development of degenerative disc disease. The level of correspondence in the sample was not found to be statistically significant and it was concluded, with some reservations regarding sample size, that present chiropractic DLB analysis of lumbosacral instability does not match the reliability of static analysis of morpho-anatomical configurations in predicting the eventual site of a degenerative disc disorder. The characteristics of vertebral motion segment (VMS) abnormalities are discussed, a refined DLB analysis scoring system is provided, and suggestions for improvement in such studies are given.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of a mechanical pain stimulus on erector spinae activity before and after a spinal manipulation in patients with back pain: a preliminary investigation.

BACKGROUND: Several recent studies in animal models of spinal pain have shown changes in sensory processing and in reflex muscular responses. One group of researchers reported consistent electromyographic responses in the paraspinal muscles of healthy men after spinal manipulation, and they speculated that such responses may underlie some of the observed clinical effects of spinal manipulation (namely, reduction in pain and muscular hypertonicity). OBJECTIVES: To determine whether a painful mechanical stimulus applied above a spinous process influences paraspinal electromyographic amplitude and whether this response is modulated by a spinal manipulation. STUDY DESIGN: Analytic cohort with a convenience sample in a research clinic. METHODS: Seventeen subjects with back pain (9 men and 8 women) were recruited. Electromyographic signals were recorded from the paraspinal musculature during the following procedures before and after manipulation: quiet stance and prone during the application of a mechanical pain stimulus. A 2-way repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to compare the effect of the force application on electromyographic amplitude. A second 2-way repeated-measures analysis of variance investigated whether the muscular response to a painful stimulus at either segment was influenced by the manipulative procedure. RESULTS: A statistically significant increase in bilateral electromyographic activity was observed at the painful motion segment; however, no such statistical increase occurred at the segment that was not painful. It appears that manipulation results in a decrease in bilateral local electromyographic activity in the painful motion segment during the application of the mechanical stimulus; however, a statistically significant decrease was not found in the control segment. It was also found that while the subjects were quietly standing, the left erector spinae at a painful segment was the only muscle group to show significant differences before and after manipulation. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that motion segments identified as a problem in subjects with chronic low back pain have an exaggerated local muscular response to a painful stimulus compared with that observed in problem segments. In addition, spinal manipulation appears to attenuate the electromyographic response to a painful stimulus.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The short-term effect of a spinal manipulation on pain/pressure threshold in patients with chronic mechanical low back pain.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pain/pressure threshold of selected myofascial points in subjects with chronic mechanical back pain after a single manipulation or mobilization. DESIGN: The study design was a randomized control trial. SETTING: Chiropractic College outpatient clinic. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty subjects aged 18-50 yr (mean age 31 yr, SD = 7 yr) with chronic mechanical low back pain (mean duration of pain 74 months, SD = 83 months) were randomized into two groups. One group received a manipulation and the other received a mobilization. OUTCOME MEASURE: Pain/pressure threshold of selected myofascial points were measured before, immediately after, and 15 and 30 min postintervention. RESULTS: Sixteen patients were allocated to the manipulation group and 14 to the mobilization group. Repeated measured analysis of variance for all locations failed to show clinical or statistical significance (p > .287). The overall effect between treatments and the interaction between treatment and time was not significant (p > .268). CONCLUSION: The absence of significant changes may be attributed to the selection of myofascial points, the instrument sensitivity to small changes, the differences in baseline measures and the absence of effect from one intervention.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Changes in neck electromyography associated with meningeal noxious stimulation.

OBJECTIVE: To determine if the activity of jaw and neck muscles in a rat model is influenced by the application of small-fiber irritant mustard oil to meningeal/dural vascular tissues. DESIGN: Controlled animal experiment. SETTING: University neurophysiology laboratory. INTERVENTIONS: Applications of mineral oil (vehicle control) and mustard oil to exposed meningeal/dural vascular tissues. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Electromygraphic (EMG) recordings from deep suboccipital muscles, bilaterally, and the left trapezius and left masseter muscles. RESULTS: Mineral oil evoked no EMG responses in any muscles. The incidences of mustard oil-evoked EMG increases were 100%, 100%, 89% and 78% for left deep neck, right deep neck, left trapezium and left masseter muscles, respectively. The durations of EMG responses were (mean +/- SD) 19.2 +/- 6.6 min, 17.3 +/- 7.5 min, 14.5 +/- 6.8 min and 12.7 +/- 8.5 min, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: These results document that meningeal/dural vascular irritation leads to sustained and reversible activation of neck and jaw muscles that may be related to the clinical occurrence of muscular tension and pain associated with certain types of headaches, particularly migraine.

Animals↗