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Biomedical subjects

H Uehara

Publications and source records attributed to H Uehara.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Analysis of the H-2Kbm8 mutant: correlation of structure with function.

The gene for H-2K class I major histocompatibility antigen on the bm8 variant was cloned and the DNA sequence compared with the parental gene. Sequence analysis demonstrated that seven nucleotides were changed with respect to the parental gene sequence spanning 24 nucleotides. These changes represent an alteration of four amino acids from the parent protein. As this mutation occurred in a single generation, a potential donor gene for such a complex mutation was suggested and identified. The Q4 gene class I-like molecule has a stretch of 95 nucleotides of identity in the region of the bm8 mutation. Genomic Southern analysis of the mutant and parental DNA with a gene-specific oligonucleotide demonstrated that the potential donor gene Q4 is a likely candidate sequence for such an event. The amino acid alterations for the H-2Kbm8 mutation are discussed in consideration of hte three-dimensional structure of the characterized human class I glycoprotein.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Protective effect by potassium chloride against gastric carcinogenesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

The effects of oral potassium supplementation on the enhanced induction of gastric carcinogenesis by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), and the norepinephrine concentration in their gastric wall were investigated. The SHR and normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) as controls were given a solution of the carcinogen for 25 weeks and then 1% KCl solution or tap water to drink. In Week 52, the incidence of gastric cancers and their number per rat and the norepinephrine concentration in the gastric wall were significantly greater in SHR than in WKY. Prolonged oral treatment of SHR with potassium significantly reduced the incidence of gastric cancers and their number per rat, as well as the blood pressure and the norepinephrine concentration in the antral portion of the gastric wall. These findings indicate that prolonged treatment with KCl attenuated the enhancement of gastric carcinogenesis by MNNG in SHR.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Inhibition by xiao-chai-hu-tang (TJ-9) of development of hepatic foci induced by N-nitrosomorpholine in Sprague-Dawley rats.

The effect of Xiao-chai-hu-tang (TJ-9) on hepatocarcinogenesis induced by N-nitrosomorpholine (NNM) was investigated in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were given normal chow pellets containing 0.5% or 1.0% TJ-9 until the end of the experiment, and drinking water containing NNM for 8 weeks. Pre-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions staining for gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) or the placental type of glutathione-S-transferase (GST-P) were examined histochemically. In Week 15, quantitative histological analysis showed that prolonged treatment with 0.5% TJ-9 significantly reduced the number and volume of GGT-positive and GST-P-positive hepatic lesions. Treatment with 1.0% TJ-9 inhibited the development of GGT-positive and GST-P-positive lesions, but was less effective than 0.5% TJ-9. Administration of 0.5% TJ-9 also caused a significant increase in the proportion of helper T lymphocytes and a significant decrease in the labeling index of pre-neoplastic lesions. These findings indicate that TJ-9 inhibits the development of hepatic foci.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Cytomegalovirus infection of the liver.

Hepatic involvement of cytomegalovirus (CMV) was studied in 15 autopsy cases with disseminated or solitary CMV infection. Formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissue sections were examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH). There were three, five and seven positive cases by routine histology, ISH and IHC, respectively. CMV infection was detected not only in cytomegalic cells but also in many normal looking cells by IHC and ISH. The inflammatory reaction in the liver was not so prominent as expected by reports from western countries. The cause of weak inflammatory response in the liver of our cases was discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical studies for genitourinary anomalies with anorectal malformations].

Anorectal malformations involve genitourinary anomalies frequently. In this study, the treatment and prognosis for genitourinary anomalies in 8 patients with anorectal malformations were discussed. All patients were men (range 1 to 14 years). Seven of them showed high types of anorectal malformations and one low type. Five patients were managed surgically. Among them, 3 were treated successfully, but the outcome was not good for 2 patients. These 2 patients have been followed up under careful observation. The treatment could not be performed on one patient with poor bowel function. In this series, successful results were obtained on patients with a low degree of anomalies. However, there were hazard problems in patients with a high degree of anomalies. Neurogenic bladder was included among these problems. It is difficult to diagnose and treat genitourinary anomalies on a newborn baby with anorectal malformations, when these anomalies might be complicated with other severe anomalies such as congenital heart diseases. In such cases, genitourinary anomalies should be treated as conservatively as possible until the patient's condition has improved.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Attenuating effect of bromocriptine on cysteamine anticarcinogenesis of stomach cancers induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine.

The effect of bromocriptine on inhibition by cysteamine of gastric carcinogenesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine was investigated in inbred Wistar rats. After 25 weeks of p.o. treatment with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, rats were given injections every other day: cysteamine (50 mg/kg body weight); cysteamine (50 mg/kg body weight) plus bromocriptine (0.5 or 0.25 mg/kg body weight); or bromocriptine (0.5 or 0.25 mg/kg body weight). In week 52, the group treated with cysteamine showed a significantly decreased incidence of gastric cancers. Concomitant treatment with bromocriptine at 0.5 but not at 0.25 mg/kg body weight significantly attenuated the inhibitory effect of cysteamine on gastric carcinogenesis. Administration of bromocriptine alone at either dosage had no influence on gastric carcinogenesis. The labeling index of the antral mucosa was significantly reduced in rats treated with cysteamine and significantly higher in those treated concomitantly with bromocriptine at 0.5 mg/kg body weight than in those treated with cysteamine alone. These findings indicate that cysteamine suppressed gastric carcinogenesis and that bromocriptine at high dosage attenuated this inhibition. These findings also suggest that dopamine is involved in the mechanism of inhibition of gastric carcinogenesis by cysteamine.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Effect of calcium channel blockers on gastric carcinogenesis and caerulein enhancement of gastric carcinogenesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in Wistar rats.

The effects of the organic calcium channel blocker verapamil and the inorganic calcium channel blocker MgCl2 on gastric carcinogenesis, on caerulein enhancement of gastric carcinogenesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, and on the labeling index of gastric mucosa were investigated in inbred Wistar rats. After 25 weeks of treatment with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (50 micrograms/ml p.o.), rats received one of the following alternate-day injections: caerulein (2 micrograms/kg body weight, s.c.), MgCl2 (150 mg/kg, s.c.), verapamil (20 mg/kg body weight, i.p.), caerulein (2 micrograms/kg body weight, s.c.) plus MgCl2 (150 mg/kg body weight, s.c.), or caerulein (2 micrograms/kg body weight, s.c.) plus verapamil (20 mg/kg body weight, i.p.). At Week 52, prolonged administration of caerulein had significantly increased the incidence and number of adenocarcinomas in the glandular stomach and the incidence of gastric cancers that penetrated through or beyond the muscle layer. Concomitant administration of MgCl2 significantly attenuated the enhancing effect of caerulein on gastric carcinogenesis. Combined administration of caerulein and verapamil did not affect the incidence and number of gastric cancers but significantly reduced the incidence of cancers penetrating through or beyond the muscle layer. Administration of MgCl2 or verapamil alone had no influence on gastric carcinogenesis. Rats treated with caerulein had a significantly elevated labeling index of the antral mucosa which was significantly decreased by concomitant administration of MgCl2 and/or of verapamil, as compared with the labeling index observed after treatment with caerulein alone. Either MgCl2 or verapamil alone had no influence on the labeling index of the antral mucosa. These findings indicate that caerulein enhances gastric carcinogenesis and that MgCl2 and verapamil attenuate this enhancement. These findings also indicate that calcium may play an important role in caerulein enhancement of gastric carcinogenesis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Submegabase clusters of unstable tandem repeats unique to the Tla region of mouse t haplotypes.

We describe here the identification and genomic organization of mouse t haplotype-specific elements (TSEs) 7.8 and 5.8 kb in length. The TSEs exist as submegabase-long clusters of tandem repeats localized in the Tla region of the major histocompatibility complex of all t haplotype chromosomes examined. In contrast, no such clusters were detected among 12 inbred strains of Mus musculus and other Mus species; thus, clusters of TSEs represent the first absolutely qualitative difference between t haplotypes and wild-type chromosomes. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis shows that the number of clusters, and the number of repeats in each cluster are extremely variable. Dramatic quantitative differences of TSEs uniquely distinguish every independent t haplotype from any other. The complete nucleotide sequence of one 7.8-kb TSE reveals significant homology to the ETn (a major transcript in the early embryo of the mouse), and some homologies to intracisternal A-particles and the mammary tumor virus env gene. Apart from the diagnostic relevance to t haplotypes, evolutionary and functional significances are discussed with respect to chromosome structure and genetic recombination.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Treatment of ureteral calculi by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy].

We reviewed 465 cases of ureteral calculi treated at Jömö Urological Hospital using a Dornier HM3 lithotripter during the period from October 1985 to February 1989. The 336 men and 122 women ranged from 11 to 78 years old with a mean age of 42.2. The stone size ranged from 4 mm to 30 mm with a mean length of 10.6 mm. Complete stone elimination by ESWL was achieved in 431 of the 465 cases (92.7%). The success rate was best for stones in the lower ureter, which was 98.1 per cent (53/54). For upper and mid ureteral calculi it was 92.4 per cent (363/393) and 83.3 per cent (15/18), respectively. ESWL after push up made 100 per cent (30/30) of patients completely free of stones, while ESWL after bypass 93.0 percent (106/114) and ESWL in situ 91.9 per cent (295/321). The rate of residual stone increases in proportion to the age of patients. Minor side effects such as fever and pain were observed. Our results suggest that ESWL currently is the first therapeutic option for the majority of ureteral calculi.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Agenesis of the right internal carotid artery with intracerebral hemorrhage: case report].

A 45-year-old woman was admitted to our department because of intracerebral hemorrhage. Neurological examination showed upward gaze palsy, right hemihypesthesia including face and nuchal rigidity. CT scan demonstrated a high density spot in the left quadrigeminal plate. Postcontrast CT scan demonstrated an abnormal vessel in the left midbrain. We suspected the presence of an arterio-venous malformation (AVM) and angiography was performed. Left vertebral angiography demonstrated early filling as far as the basal vein of Rosenthal with the contrast medium. However, no nidus suggesting AVM was observed. The right middle cerebral artery was fed via an anastomotic vessel (anomalous posterior communicating artery) from basilar bifurcation. Right carotid angiography demonstrated only the right external carotid artery indicating the absence of the right internal carotid artery. The bone target image of thin slice CT scan of the cranial base also disclosed the absence of the right carotid canal. 123I-IMP SPECT demonstrated no hypoperfusion area in the right cerebral hemisphere. The usefulness of the thin slice CT scan in the cranial base was discussed.

Carotid Artery, Internal↗
PubMed1989

In vitro and in vivo activities of piritetrate (M-732), a new antidermatophytic thiocarbamate.

Piritetrate (M-732), a new topical antifungal agent belonging chemically to the thiocarbamates, was demonstrated to possess a potent selective antidermatophytic activity. In terms of its MICs in susceptibility testing, mainly done by using Sabouraud dextrose agar plates, piritetrate exhibited several- to 10-fold-stronger antidermatophytic activity than tolnaftate, a reference thiocarbamate. Furthermore, piritetrate was found to show a broader antifungal spectrum than tolnaftate; relatively many species and strains of dematiaceous fungi, dimorphic fungi, and some other filamentous fungi as well as a few strains of Cryptococcus neoformans were fairly susceptible to piritetrate, while almost all the tested species and strains were resistant to tolnaftate. All the tested species of the genus Candida were, however, resistant to both compounds. Variables which can influence antimicrobial activity caused few changes in the MICs of either compound against Trichophyton mentagrophytes; however, an increase in the inoculum size resulted in a significant increase in the MICs. The antidermatophytic activities of piritetrate and tolnaftate were fungistatic but not fungicidal. Piritetrate also exhibited a more potent in vitro anti-T. mentagrophytes activity than clotrimazole or tolciclate. Piritetrate and tolnaftate had no antibacterial activity. The in vivo activity of topically administered piritetrate against experimental dermal infection of guinea pigs with T. mentagrophytes was more effective than that of tolnaftate both mycologically and clinically. Piritetrate manifested no acute toxicity in laboratory animals when administered even in large quantities by the oral, intraperitoneal, and topical routes.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Meningioma of the fourth ventricle--case report.

A 58-year-old female had a 1-year history of headache, ataxia, and taste disturbance and then developed speech disturbance. She was found to have a meningioma of the fourth ventricle, a very rare site for this type of tumor. It did not adhere to the cerebellar tentorium or dura mater and was totally removed without difficulty. Magnetic resonance imaging, but not computed tomography or angiography, provided adequate information for correct diagnosis. The literature concerning fourth ventricle meningiomas is reviewed and the diagnostic advantages and limitations of computed tomography, angiography, and magnetic resonance imaging are discussed.

Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

Occlusion of small hepatic veins associated with systemic lupus erythematosus with the lupus anticoagulant and anti-cardiolipin antibody.

We report the case of a woman with lupus anticoagulant-positive systemic lupus erythematosus who developed small hepatic vein occlusion. Since the age of 34, she had been known to have hepatomegaly. A definitive diagnosis of systematic lupus erythematosus was made eight years later. Histological evaluation of the liver biopsy specimen was not fully diagnostic of prominent hepatomegaly during this period. Occlusion of the small hepatic veins was confirmed by hepatic venography, but the lumen of the large hepatic veins showed a smooth appearance. The lupus anticoagulant and anti-cardiolipin antibody were both positive. Since a high incidence of thromboembolic diseases in patients with the lupus anticoagulant or anti-cardiolipin antibody has been reported, the presence of this type of anticoagulant may provide an explanation for hypercoagulability and subsequent development of hepatic vein thrombosis in this patient. This is the first report of a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus who developed an occlusion of small hepatic veins attributable to the lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibody. This case suggested that a systematic search for hepatic vein occlusion should be made in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus who have developed inexplicable hepatomegaly, especially in those with positive tests for the lupus anticoagulant and/or anti-cardiolipin antibody.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Searching for coding sequences in the mammalian genome: the H-2K region of the mouse MHC is replete with genes expressed in embryos.

We have searched for expressed genes in 170 kb of cosmid cloned DNA from the H-2K region of the mouse MHC. This region is known to contain two genes, H-2K and K2. We identified unique/low copy sequences evenly spaced along the cloned DNA, and used these as probes to search for conserved sequences in Southern blots from a variety of mammalian species. The majority of the unique sequences were found to have homologues and most of these were associated with CpG non-methylated islands. Northern blot analysis and isolation of clones from 5.5 and 10.5-day embryo cDNA libraries showed five additional genes encoded in the H-2K region. Four of these are abundant in embryos; the fifth is exclusively expressed in lymphoid cells. Our data indicate a minimum of seven genes in 170 kb, an unexpectedly high gene density. These results differ from two recent studies where similar lengths of cloned DNA were examined for expressed genes, and only one, or a part of one gene was found. The combined data suggest that the spatial organization of genes in the mammalian genome may not be random.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Intra-H-2 recombination in t haplotypes shows a hot spot and close linkage of 1tw5 to H-2K.

The embryonic lethal mutation in the tw5 haplotype is known to map near the H-2K region of the mouse major histocompatibility complex. Additional data obtained by classical genetic methods demonstrate that the tw5 lethal gene is effectively inseparable from H-2K. No recombinants were found between H-2K and tw5 in a sample representing over 1200 mice. On a statistical basis tw5 must be less than 250 kb from the H-2K gene. In the course of these mapping studies we obtained a set of 11 intra-H-2 recombinants. We have analyzed these and three others derived from another experiment to define their breakpoints as precisely as possible. Southern blot analysis with molecular probes to the D, S, I, and K regions of the H-2 complex defines seven recombinations between the D and S regions, two between S and I, none within the I region, and five events between I and K. The last category was studied in finer detail by developing unique copy probes to the I-K boundary region. Two of the five events occurred within probably less than 6 kb of each other: these two recombinants define the centromeric limit of the location of the tw5 gene within the H-2K region. The other three I-K recombinants occurred in at least two other nearby locations. Altogether at least three, and probably all five I-K recombinants fall within a 45 kb recombinational hot spot recently identified in Mus musculus castaneus.

Animals↗