Biomedical subjects

H Uehara

Publications and source records attributed to H Uehara.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources

PubMed1995

Percutaneous cryosurgery for renal tumours.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of percutaneous cryosurgery in the treatment of renal tumours. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cryoprobe using liquid nitrogen was designed. The tolerance of renal cancer cells to cooling was tested. Freezing tests on two extirpated kidneys involved with hypervascular tumour were performed in water at 40 degrees C. A clinical trial of percutaneous cryosurgery was carried out in two patients with advanced renal carcinoma. RESULTS: The cooling function of the new probe was similar to that of a conventional probe. The tolerance test on renal cancer cells showed that the cooling temperature should be below -20 degrees C to render them necrotic. Freezing tests on two nephrectomized kidneys with hypervascular renal cancer suggested that embolization of the renal artery might be advisable before treatment. The clinical trial in two patients with advanced renal carcinoma showed that the whole kidney, including the tumour, became necrotic and shrunken post-operatively. The patients' Karnofsky performance scale showed a marked improvement 3 months after the operation, but their general condition gradually deteriorated. Patient 1 died 10 months and patient 2 died 5 months after the procedure. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous cryosurgery was performed successfully in two patients with hypervascular renal tumours. Cryo-immunological activity was assumed to have contributed to the temporary improvement in their condition. These results suggest that percutaneous cryosurgery might be useful as minimally invasive treatment in a limited number of patients with advanced renal carcinoma.

Aged↗

PubMed1995

[Bladder tumor associated with von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis: a case report].

A 47-year-old female was admitted to our hospital complaining of macrohematuria. The patient had a history of von Recklinghausen's disease. Her skin showed multiple cafe-au-lait spots and neurofibromatosis. Thorough examinations were done. Urine cytology was positive. Intravenous pyelography and cystography demonstrated an irregular wall of the bladder. A computerized tomographic scan demonstrated a 7 cm nodular mass. Cystoscopy revealed a papillary tumor on the right lateral and anterior wall of the bladder. She was diagnosed as having a bladder tumor in von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis. Total cystectomy was performed. Histopathological diagnosis was transitional cell carcinoma with squamous cell carcinoma (Grade III, pT3N2N0). Fifty three cases of von Recklinghausen's disease in the literature were accompanied with malignancy.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗

PubMed1995

[Change in serum prostate specific antigen values in men who had no evidence of prostate cancer on initial biopsy].

To determine the need for repeat prostatic biopsy, we retrospectively evaluated 19 men for longitudinal prostate specific antigen (PSA) for more than 20 weeks from initial biopsy. Their initial biopsy results revealed no evidence of prostatic cancer. They had no surgical therapy or hormone therapy after it. If they had a 50% increase in the PSA level from initial biopsy, we performed the second biopsy. Of the 5 men who had the second biopsy, 3 men had prostatic cancer.

Biopsy↗

PubMed1995

[Dobutamine stress echocardiography in the diagnosis of myocardial ischemia in patients with implanted pacemakers: report of two cases].

Dobutamine stress echocardiography was used in the diagnosis of myocardial ischemia in patients with implanted VVI pacemakers. A 69-year-old woman received a pacemaker for Mobitz II type AV block in October 1992. She had suffered from chest pain during effort since January 1993 and underwent dobutamine stress echocardiography in April 1993. Although the electrocardiogram failed to identify ischemia because of the pacemaker rhythm, ischemia of the anterior wall was revealed as a worsening of the wall motion on the echocardiogram. The coronary angiogram showed 99% stenosis of the left descending artery. A direct coronary atherectomy was performed on the lesion. A 68-year-old man received a pacemaker for sick sinus syndrome in August 1993. He had suffered from chest oppression during effort since May 1992 and underwent dobutamine stress echocardiography in October 1993. Spontaneous rhythm appeared with dobutamine infusion, but the electrocardiogram could not demonstrate ischemia because of incomparability with the rhythm at rest. Echocardiography detected a new wall motion abnormality of the inferior wall caused by dobutamine. The coronary angiogram showed 90% stenosis of the right coronary artery. PTCA was performed on the lesion. Dobutamine stress echocardiography is useful for the diagnosis of myocardial ischemia in patients with implanted pacemakers.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗

PubMed1995

[Quantitative changes in cerebral blood flow of Shy-Drager syndrome induced by upright position: assessment by 99mTc-HMPAO].

We assessed orthostatic changes of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in 4 patients with Shy-Drager syndrome. Brain perfusion index (BPI) was measured by 99mTc-hexamethylpropylene amine oxime (99mTc-HMPAO). Cerebral angiography using aortic time-activity curve as an input function BPI values in supine and upright positions in Shy-Drager syndrome were compared with those in 2 cerebrovascular disease patients without orthostatic hypotension. BPI values in the upright position were significantly decreased in patients with Shy-Drager syndrome as compared with these in the supine position. No significant decrease in BPI was noted in the patients without orthostatic hypotension. These results suggest that the BPI measurement by 99mTc-HMPAO cerebral angiography is useful for the noninvasive evaluation of the orthostatic changes of the CBF.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor attenuates bombesin enhancement of intestinal carcinogenesis and metastasis induced by azoxymethane.

The effects of combined administration of bombesin (40 micrograms/kg body weight) and the ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) inhibitor, 1,3-diaminopropane (DAP), on the development of large and small intestinal tumors and the incidence of their metastasis to the peritoneum induced by azoxymethane (AOM, 7.4 mg/kg body weight), the ODC activity of the intestinal wall, and the labeling index of the intestinal mucosa and tumor were investigated in inbred Wistar rats. Rats received weekly s.c. injections of AOM for 10 weeks, s.c. injections of bombesin every other day, and drinking water containing DAP (2.5 g/l) until the end of the experiment at week 40. Administration of bombesin significantly increased the incidence of intestinal tumors at week 40. It had no influence on the location, size, histological features or depth of involvement of intestinal adenocarcinomas, but significantly increased the incidence of their metastasis to the peritoneum. It also resulted in a significant increase in the intestinal ODC activity and labeling index. Administration of DAP with bombesin significantly reduced the enhancement of intestinal carcinogenesis by bombesin. Although the combined use of DAP with bombesin had little or no influence on the location, size, histological features, or depth of involvement of intestinal cancers, the incidence of their metastasis was significantly reduced. DAP significantly attenuated bombesin enhancement of the intestinal ODC activity and labeling index. These findings indicate that ODC inhibition attenuated the enhancement of intestinal carcinogenesis and metastasis to the peritoneum.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1994

Cytologic examination of pancreatic juice for differential diagnosis of benign and malignant mucin-producing tumors of the pancreas.

BACKGROUND: A new clinical type of pancreatic tumor, the mucin-producing tumor, has been recognized recently. However, it is not always easy to distinguish benign from malignant tumors preoperatively. In this study, three different methods of differentiating mucin-producing tumors of the pancreas were compared. METHODS: Endoscopic ultrasonography, endoscopic retrograde pancreatography, and cytologic examination of pancreatic juice were performed in 14 patients who had mucin-producing pancreatic tumors (11 carcinomas and 3 adenomas). Pancreatic juice was collected endoscopically without papillotomy. RESULTS: The sensitivity, specificity, and overall accuracy of endoscopic ultrasonography were 82%, 90%, and 79%, respectively; those of endoscopic retrograde pancreatography were 91%, 91%, and 86%; and those of cytologic examination were 91%, 100%, and 93%. CONCLUSION: Cytologic examination of pancreatic juice was the best of these three methods for differentiating benign from malignant mucin-producing pancreatic tumors.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗

PubMed1994

Protection by galanin against gastric carcinogenesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in Wistar rats.

The effects of prolonged administration of the neuropeptide galanin on gastric carcinogenesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, the norepinephrine concentration in the gastric wall, and the labeling index of the gastric mucosa were investigated in Wistar rats. The rats received 2 or 4 micrograms/kg body weight of galanin s.c. every other day after 25 weeks oral treatment with the carcinogen. Prolonged administration of galanin at 4 micrograms/kg body weight, but not at 2 micrograms/kg body weight, significantly decreased the incidence of gastric cancers in experimental week 52. However, it did not influence the histological types of cancers. Galanin at 4 micrograms/kg body weight also significantly decreased the labeling index of the antral epithelial cells but not the norepinephrine concentration in the gastric wall. These findings indicate that galanin inhibits gastric carcinogenesis and suggest that its effect may be related to the suppression of proliferation of the antral epithelial cells.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Expression of c-myc mRNA as an aid in histologic differentiation of adenoma from well differentiated adenocarcinoma in the stomach.

BACKGROUND: Using prospective follow-up studies, the authors examined the value of the expression of c-myc mRNA in biopsy specimens obtained from elevated gastric lesions as an aid in the differentiating between adenomas and well differentiated elevated-type adenocarcinomas. METHODS: By in situ hybridization, the authors determined the expression of c-myc mRNA in biopsy specimens of elevated gastric lesions. The 31 patients who had borderline lesions with and without overexpression of c-myc were followed with repeated endoscopic examinations and gastric biopsies. RESULTS: Endoscopic follow-up examinations showed that gastric cancer was detected in 5 of 11 patients (46%) with elevated lesions that stained positively for c-myc mRNA during an observation period of 15 months (range, 2-32 months). The cancers were confirmed histologically in gastrectomy specimens. No cancers were found in patients with elevated lesions that stained negatively. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The overexpression of c-myc mRNA may present a new tool for distinguishing between adenomas and well differentiated adenocarcinomas of the elevated type.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1994

An epidemiologic analysis of end-stage lupus nephritis.

We analyzed 566 patients (515 females and 51 males) with systemic lupus erythematosus who were treated in Okinawa, Japan, from 1972 to 1991 and followed until April 1993. One hundred four patients (95 females and 9 males) died, and 51 were considered to have end-stage lupus nephritis. The annual incidence and prevalence, per million population in each sex, were increased from 16.0 and 66.0 in 1972 to 46.7 and 683.9 in 1991 in the female patients, and from 4.2 and 8.3 in 1973 to 8.3 and 70.0 in 1991 in the male patients, respectively. Cox proportional hazard analysis was done to determine the effects of several covariates on patients and renal survival. The patients' survival rate improved, as the hazard ratio (HR) was decreased to 0.69 (year of diagnosis, 1982 to 1986) and to 0.48 (year of diagnosis, 1987 to 1991) when the HR in patients diagnosed before 1981 was taken as 1.00. Similarly, we examined renal survival by using the Cox proportional model. For this analysis, the date of start of dialysis therapy was regarded as the time of renal death. Male patients had significantly poor renal survival; the HR was 3.64 (95% confidence interval, 1.89 to 6.98) when the HR in the females was taken as 1.00. However, age at diagnosis and year of diagnosis did not significantly affect renal survival. The cumulated incidence of end-stage lupus nephritis from the time of diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus was 3.1% at 5 years, 9.4% at 10 years, 15.5% at 15 years, and 21.0% at 20 years.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

Inhibition by shi-quan-da-bu-tang (TJ-48) of experimental hepatocarcinogenesis induced by N-nitrosomorpholine in Sprague-Dawley rats.

The effect of Shi-Quan-Da-Bu-Tang (TJ-48) on hepatocarcinogenesis induced by N-nitrosomorpholine (NNM) was investigated in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were given drinking water containing NNM for 8 weeks, and also from the start of the experiment, regular chow pellets containing 2.0 or 4.0% TJ-48 until the end of the experiment. Preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions staining for the placental type of glutathione-S-transferase (GST-P) or gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) were examined histochemically. In week 15, quantitative histological analysis showed that prolonged administration of either 2.0 or 4.0% TJ-48 in the diet significantly reduced the size, volume and/or number of GST-P-positive and GGT-positive hepatic lesions. This treatment also caused a significant increase in the proportion of interleukin-2 receptor-positive lymphocytes among the lymphocytes infiltrating the tumours as well as a significant decrease in the labelling index of preneoplastic lesions. These findings indicate that TJ-48 inhibits the growth of hepatic enzyme-altered lesions, and suggests that its effect may be in part due to activation of the immune system.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Bullous lymphoma of the skin.

We describe an extremely rare case of cutaneous B-cell lymphoma associated with bulla formation. The term, 'bullous lymphoma' is proposed for this variant of cutaneous lymphoma.

Aged↗

PubMed1994

Effect of renal diseases and comorbid conditions on survival in chronic dialysis patients.

International and geographical differences in the survival rates of chronic dialysis patients can be explained by differences in primary renal disease, in the acceptance rate of elderly patients, and in predialysis comorbid conditions. Several studies have shown the effects of these factors on survival. However, in most studies, a large number of patients may leave for renal transplantation or transfer to other centers, so that precise analysis becomes impossible. Although the number of patients in our registry is not so large (n = 1,982), we have few such problems and were able to examine the effects of the above-mentioned factors on patient survival using the Cox proportional hazard model. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals were 0.739 and 0.366-1.491 in patients with polycystic kidney disease (n = 38), 2.669 and 1.513-4.708 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (n = 39), 1.245 and 0.935-1.660 in patients with nephrosclerosis (n = 122), 1.815 and 1.447-2.229 in patients with diabetes mellitus (n = 374), and 1.595 and 1.201-2.117, respectively, in patients with other renal diseases (n = 146) when the HR in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (n = 1,263) was taken as 1.00. HR and 95% confidence intervals were 1.222 and 1.016-1.470 in patients with one comorbid condition (n = 217) and 1.494 and 1.033-2.160, respectively, in patients with two comorbid conditions (n = 24) when the HR of patients with no predialysis comorbid conditions (n = 1,741) was taken as 1.00. Our data demonstrate the effects of renal diseases and number of predialysis comorbid conditions on the survival in chronic dialysis patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

[Investigation of ultrasound guided systematic biopsy of the prostate].

From August 1991 to February 1993, a total of 114 men with mean age of 68 years underwent ultrasound guided systematic biopsy of the prostate. These patients were clinically suspected of having prostate cancer by elevated PA or digital rectal examination. Systematic biopsies were performed on two different sites of peripheral zone and transition zone of each lobe, and echographically detected hypoechoic area was also biopsied. There were 42 prostate cancers detected: 7 (30%) in 23 men between 50 and 59 years old, 17 (45%) in 38 men between 70 and 79 years old, 6 (55%) in 11 men more than 80 years old. Three (11%) were detected in 27 men with a PA level of less than 3.1 ng/ml, 39 (45%) were detected in 89 men with a PA level of no less than 3.1 ng/ml. Thirty-three (44%) were detected in 75 men with positive rectal examination. Non-palpable cancers were detected in 9 men. These results suggest that systematic biopsy may be useful and a sensitive means in detecting prostatic cancer.

Aged↗

PubMed1994

[Endoscopic adrenalectomy by retroperitoneal approach for primary aldosteronism].

Endoscopic adrenalectomy by a retroperitoneal approach through the skin incision less than 5 cm has been performed in 6 patients (3 males and 3 females; 4 right and 2 left side) with primary aldosteronism from December 1992 to June 1993. The treatment was successful in all the cases. As for complications, pneumothorax occurred in one case. The required operation time was from 120 to 330 min (mean: 196 min) and the blood loss was from 20 to 279 ml (mean: 94 ml), which were similar to those in open adrenalectomy. The retroperitoneal approach was thought to be more advantageous than widely adopted laparoscopic adrenalectomy in the following points: (1) No complications such as pulmonary embolism or pneumomediastinum. (2) No injuries to the intraabdominal organs. (3) Two operators using one video system is sufficient.

Adenoma↗

PubMed1993

Enhancement by isoproterenol of hepatocarcinogenesis induced by N-nitrosomorpholine in Sprague-Dawley rats.

The effect of isoproterenol on hepatocarcinogenesis induced by N-nitrosomorpholine (NNM) was investigated in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were given drinking water containing NNM for 8 weeks and s.c. injections of isoproterenol or vehicle every other day for 13 weeks. Pre-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions staining positive for gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) or the placental type of glutathione-S-transferase (GST-P) were examined histochemically at week 13. Prolonged administration of isoproterenol resulted in a significant increase in the number of GGT-positive, but not GST-P-positive, lesions. The incidence, number and size of hepatocellular carcinomas were also significantly greater in rats treated with isoproterenol than in controls. Administration of isoproterenol significantly increased the intracellular cAMP and the labeling indices of pre-neoplastic lesions and adjacent liver. These findings indicate that isoproterenol enhances hepatocarcinogenesis and that this may be related to its enhancing effect, mediated by cAMP, on cell proliferation in neoplastic lesions and surrounding hepatocytes.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

Inhibition by amiloride of gastric carcinogenesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in Wistar rats.

The effects of amiloride on the incidence and histological types of gastric cancers in Wistar rats induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), and on the labelling index and proliferative fraction of gastric mucosa were investigated. After oral treatment with MNNG for 25 weeks, rats received s.c. injections of amiloride (0.25 mg kg-1 or 5.0 mg kg-1 body weight) in depot form every other day until the end of the experiment. Prolonged administration of 5.0 mg kg-1, but not 2.5 mg kg-1 of amiloride significantly decreased the incidence of gastric cancers in Week 52. However, it did not influence the histological features of the gastric cancers. It also significantly decreased the labelling index and proliferative fraction of the antral mucosa. These findings indicate that amiloride inhibits the development of gastric cancers, and that its effect may be related to its effect in decreasing cell proliferation of the antral mucosa.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1993

Inhibition by verapamil of hepatocarcinogenesis induced by N-nitrosomorpholine in Sprague-Dawley rats.

The effect of verapamil on hepatocarcinogenesis induced by N-nitrosomorpholine (NNM) was investigated in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were given drinking water containing NNM for 8 weeks and received i.p. injections of verapamil or vehicle every other day for 16 weeks from the start of the experiment. Pre-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions staining positive for gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) or the placental type of glutathione-S-transferase (GST-P) were examined histochemically at week 16. Prolonged administration of verapamil resulted in a significant decrease in the number of GGT-positive and GST-P-positive lesions. The incidence and volume as a percentage of parenchyma of hepatocellular carcinomas were also significantly less in rats treated with verapamil than in controls. Administration of verapamil significantly decreased the labelling indices of pre-neoplastic lesions and adjacent liver. These findings indicate that verapamil inhibits hepatocarcinogenesis and that this may be related to its inhibitory effect on cell proliferation in neoplastic lesions and surrounding hepatocytes.

Animals↗