Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Tucker

Publications and source records attributed to H Tucker.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Accurate diagnosis of early ectopic pregnancy.

Commonly used preoperative diagnostic procedures were analyzed for their ability to predict the presence of early ectopic pregnancy. Patients presenting to the emergency room with acute onset of pelvic pain were evaluated with culdocentesis, pelvic ultrasonography, and qualitative serum and urine pregnancy testing. Clinical examination and urine pregnancy testing were found to be poor predictors of either the presence or absence of an early ectopic pregnancy. The combination of a sensitive serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) determination and pelvic ultrasonography accurately predicted ectopic pregnancy in 93% of proved cases. This predicted accuracy was superior to that of culdocentesis alone or in combinations of culdocentesis and ultrasound or qualitative serum pregnancy testing.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Exercise after myocardial infarction: a controlled trial.

Six weeks after acute myocardial infarction, 303 men were randomly divided into exercise and control groups. The exercise group attended the hospital gymnasium twice weekly for a three-month supervised exercise course. Both groups were exercise tested before and after the course and at subsequent follow-up. The exercise group increased their physical fitness greatly compared with the control group. Eight per cent of the exercise group died during the period of follow-up, compared with 14 per cent of the control group; this difference is not significant. There was an apparent improvement in mortality in those with inferior MI who completed the exercise course, which was not seen in those with MI in other sites. For many patients after MI progressive exercise is safe, improves physical fitness and may reduce mortality for those after inferior MI.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1981

Beta-adrenergic blocking agents. 21. threo-1-(Aryloxy)-3-(alkylamino)butan-2-ols.

The synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of threo-1-(aryloxy)-3-(alkylamino)butan-2-ols are discussed. These compounds are less potent beta-adrenoreceptor antagonists than the corresponding 1-(aryloxy)-3-(alkylamino)propan-2-ols. The data presented indicate that, unlike the arylethanolamine series, substitution of an alkyl group on the carbon atom alpha to the amino function on the oxypropanolamine side chain does not necessarily lead to enhanced vascular (beta 2) selectivity.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1980

Beta-adrenergic blocking agents. 20. (3-Hydroxyprop-1-enyl)-substituted 1-(aryloxy)-3-(alkylamino)propan-2-ols.

The synthesis of a series of (3-hydroxyprop-1-enyl)-substituted 1-(aryloxy)-3-(alkylamino)propan-2-ols is described. These compounds were investigated for their beta-adrenoreceptor blocking properties and their selective of action. Among the o-(hydroxypropenyl)-substituted derivatives we have found some potent noncardioselective beta-adrenoreceptor blocking agents which have a greater blocking action on the beta 2 receptor, thus resembling propranolol. The p-(hydroxypropenyl)-substituted analogues were generally less potent and tended to be cardioselective. The structure-activity relationships are discussed in the light of the hypothesis that the cardioselective of p-amido-substituted (aryloxy)propanolamines is attributable, in part, to binding of the amide group to some additional site on the beta receptor; our findings argue against a similar interaction for the allylic hydroxyl group.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1978

beta-Adrenergic blocking agents. 18. 1-(Aryloxy)-3-(arylthioalkylamino)propan-2-ols and 1-substituted alkylthioamino-3-(aryloxy)propan-2-ols.

The synthesis is described of a seris of derivaties of 1-(aryloxy)-3-(arylthioalkylamiho)propan-2-ols and 1-(alkylthioamino)- and 1-(aralkylamino)-3-(aryloxy)propan-2-ols. These compounds were investigated for their beta-adrenoreceptor blocking properties and their selectivity of action for the cardiac beta1 receptor. The structure-activity relationships are discussed with particular reference to the effects of the sulfur, sulfoxide, and sulfone groups on beta-adrenoreceptor blocking potency and selectivity.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1978

Assessing the psychological effects of an exercise training programme for patients following myocardial infarction: a pilot study.

During a study investigating physiological and other effects of an exercise programme for coronary patients, a questionnaire was administered. Preliminary analysis had suggested some improvement in the patients' morale, but in view of the possible relevance of a number of psychological variables it was decided to carry out further analysis on the available data. The coefficient of discrimination was computed for 32 patients. For 19 patients correlations were computed between scores on subjective fitness, symptoms, anxiety, interest in sex, if at work, age, weight, and workload achieved at a given heart rate. The questionnaire appeared to have satisfactorily high internal and external validity. Patients with a high 'morale' score tended to achieve a greater increase in workload over the course. Although cause and effect cannot be unequivocally assigned, the association is felt to be important, and research is continuing.

Anxiety↗
PubMed1977

beta-Adrenergic blocking agents. 17. 1-Phenoxy-3-phenoxyalkylamino-2-propanols and 1-alkoxyalkylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propanols.

The synthesis is described of a series of derivatives of 1-phenoxy-3-phenoxyalkylamino-2-propanols and 1-alkoxyalkylamino-3-phenoxy-2-propranols. The compounds were investigated for their beta-adrenoceptor blocking properties and many showed a surprising degree of cardioselectivity when tested in vivo in anesthetized cats for their effects on an isoproterenol-induced tachycardia and depressor response. The structure-activity relationship shown by this series of compounds is related to that of known cardioselective analogues and a possible reason for their cardioselectivity is discussed.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1977

Endobronchial control of bronchopleural fistulae.

This report describes a proposed solution to the problem of high-flow bronchopleural fistulae in the adult respiratory distress syndrome. Animal studies and clinical application demonstrate the efficacy of this treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1973

Exercise programme after myocardial infarction.

Fifty-nine men with known coronary disease entered an exercise rehabilitation programme. Forty-nine had sustained recent myocardial infarctions, nine had had past myocardial infarcts, and one had had a recent internal mammary implant for severe angina. Each class lasted about 45 minutes and they were held twice weekly; the course for each patient was three months. Sixteen patients dropped out from the course, only three for reasons obviously medical. No deaths or cardiac arrests occurred during the programme. Extrasystoles and angina were detected in a minority of patients and did not constitute reasons for failure to complete the course. The main aim of the study was to show that such a programme is feasible in a district general hospital. Improvement in the morale of patients was impressive and the incidence of return to work high.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nonsteroidal progestins and antiprogestins related to flutamide.

From the dual progestin/antiandrogenic properties of certain synthetic steroids (e.g. cyproterone acetate), it was apparent that the progesterone (P) and androgen (A) receptors must have some common ligand binding features. The nonsteroidal antiandrogen (aA) hydroxyflutamide was therefore considered a possible starting point for medicinal chemistry aimed at antiprogestin (aP) activity. Various modifications to the side chain and aryl ring substituents of flutamide yielded both P and aP activity, but always coupled with varying degrees of A or aA activity. Mineralocorticoid activity was present in some structures, but glucocorticoid and antiglucorticoid activities were not detected. Species (rat, rabbit and monkey) and chiral differences presented formidable difficulties in developing simple structure activity patterns, and low ( < 1%) in vitro uterine receptor binding belied in vivo potency of some aPs. One of the most active aPs, ZM172406, the R enantiomer of ZM150271, N-(3-chloro-4-cyanophenyl)-3,3, 3-trifluoro-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanamide, had comparable oral potency to mifepristone in rats and monkeys. The racemate ZM150271 was an effective abortifacient during early pregnancy in pigtailed monkeys (3 x 10 mg/kg) but less effective in cynomolgus monkeys. One of the most active progestins (Pn), ZM182345, N-(4-nitro-3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-4-phenyl-2-hydroxy-2-trifluoromet hyl-pentanamide, was at least as potent as P in rats and rabbits but also possessed A activity.

Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A canine model for global control of the reimplanted larynx. A potential avenue for human laryngeal transplantation.

Previous attempts at laryngeal transplantation have failed because the grafted organ could not be dynamically rehabilitated. Nerve-muscle pedicles were used to reinnervate each of the principal intrinsic laryngeal muscles in 20 dogs after autotransplantation with conservation of the essential nutrient vessels. Afferent information obtained by sensors fixed to the chest (a strain gauge and transthoracic impedance electrode) was channeled to an electronic package for coordinated stimulation of pedicles reinnervating the posterior cricoartenoideus (opening), the cricothyroideus (elongation) and the thyroarytenoideus (closure of the vocal cords) by perineural electrodes. Corresponding vocal cord motion was videotaped on the same screen as sensor displacements and stimulating currents (approximately 2 V, 60 Hz, and 4 msec pulse width). Clear responses were recorded in all evaluable animals (n = 8), but contraction was stronger with longer reinnervation time (3-7 weeks). Based on this feasibility study, chronic experiments are planned that will set the ground work for possible future human laryngeal transplantation.

Animals↗