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Biomedical subjects

H Tournaye

Publications and source records attributed to H Tournaye.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

The influence of pentoxifylline on motility and viability of spermatozoa from normozoospermic semen samples.

In order to evaluate the effects of pentoxifylline on sperm motility and longevity, a controlled in-vitro study was conducted on normozoospermic donor semen samples using the Cellsoft automated system for sperm motility analysis. After incubation and selection, pentoxifylline was found to improve the recovery of spermatozoa and to increase their velocity. In the subgroup of progressively motile spermatozoa, curvilinear velocity was also enhanced. It is concluded that pentoxifylline has an effect on the vigour, but not on the pattern, of sperm motion. Pentoxifylline did not improve the motility characteristics of senescent spermatozoa in normozoospermic sperm samples. Sperm survival, as shown by supra-vital staining, and motility longevity both decreased with time after pentoxifylline treatment.

Automation↗
PubMed1993

Pentoxifylline is not useful in enhancing sperm function in cases with previous in vitro fertilization failure.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficiency of the addition of pentoxifylline to spermatozoa for in vitro fertilization (IVF) in cases with previous fertilization failure. DESIGN: After retrieval, oocytes were divided at random and inseminated with spermatozoa prepared with or without pentoxifylline. SETTING: In vitro fertilization program of the Centre for Reproductive Medicine of the Dutch-speaking Brussels Free University, Belgium, a tertiary referral institution. PATIENTS: Couples in this study were undergoing a second or third IVF attempt for the treatment of male factor infertility. INTERVENTIONS: Sperm samples were divided into two equal parts. The first part was prepared with 3.6 mM pentoxifylline (treatment group) and the other part without pentoxifylline (control group). After swim-up, oocytes were randomly inseminated with spermatozoa from either treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Fertilization and cleavage rates after IVF. RESULTS: Overall a fertilization rate of 8.8% was achieved with no significant differences between treatment and control groups. Cleavage rate was 81.5% and was not different between groups. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates no therapeutic advantage of using pentoxifylline in IVF for male factor infertility in cases with previous fertilization failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Embryo reduction in triplet pregnancies after assisted procreation: a comparative study.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate pregnancy outcome after selective embryo reduction by transcervical aspiration or transvaginal puncture and intrathoracal injection with potassium chloride (KCl) in triplet pregnancies occurring after assisted procreation and to compare this outcome with that for triplets not undergoing embryo reduction. DESIGN: Retrospective case series. SETTING: In vitro fertilization program of the Centre for Reproductive Medicine of the Dutch-speaking Brussels Free University, Belgium, which is a tertiary referral institution. PATIENTS: Seventy-two patients presenting a triplet pregnancy after assisted procreation. INTERVENTION: Transcervical aspiration embryo reduction at 8 to 9 weeks of pregnancy or transvaginal puncture and intrathoracal injection of KCl at 9 to 10 weeks of pregnancy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Rate of spontaneous embryo reduction, complications relating to the procedure, pregnancy, and neonatal outcome. RESULTS: The rate of spontaneous reduction was 18%. Among the 14 patients undergoing transcervical aspiration, 3 aborted and 4 lost an additional fetus. The transvaginal puncture technique had a lower complication rate (2/19). Neonatal outcome was improved in pregnancies after selective embryo reduction. After transvaginal puncture, the outcome was comparable with that for twin pregnancies after assisted procreation. CONCLUSIONS: Triplet pregnancies after assisted procreation had a poor neonatal outcome. The outcome was improved after spontaneous reduction. Transcervical aspiration should not be used because of its high rate of early and late complications. Transvaginal puncture had less early complications, but the technique might be associated with prematurity and third trimester fetal death. In triplet pregnancies, embryo reduction decreases the number of babies going home per patient, but the quality of life of the remaining babies is improved.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1993

An auto-controlled study in in-vitro fertilization reveals the benefit of Percoll centrifugation to swim-up in the preparation of poor-quality semen.

The efficiency of spermatozoa prepared by swim-up or by Percoll centrifugation was assessed in an in-vitro fertilization programme on 71 semen samples of a well-defined quality [total number of type A (WHO criteria) motile spermatozoa]: category I (n = 21) with > 100 x 10(6), II (n = 31) with 15-100 x 10(6), III (n = 11) with 5-15 x 10(6) and IV (n = 8) with < 5 x 10(6) type A motile spermatozoa. Oocytes were inseminated 4 h after oocyte retrieval, alternately with spermatozoa derived from swim-up and Percoll preparation. Both selection procedures resulted in a significantly higher (P < 0.001) percentage motility as compared to fresh semen. For low-quality samples (III and IV), however, swim-up was more effective in selecting highly motile (P = 0.004) and morphologically normal spermatozoa (P < 0.05). For high-quality samples, this difference might have been masked by introducing a swim-up step to remove Percoll particles. Regardless of the initial sperm quality, the mean fertilization rate was significantly higher (P = 0.003) when Percoll-treated spermatozoa were used for insemination (51.3 versus 37.8%). For semen of groups I and II, no difference in fertilization capacity was observed according to the sperm preparation method. Despite the lower percentage motility and normal morphology for the Percoll compared to the swim-up treatment in groups III and IV, fertilizing capacity was significantly (P < 0.001) in favour of this selection method (65.3 versus 26.5% in group III, 47.6 versus 11.6% in group IV).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Centrifugation↗
PubMed1993

Effect of pentoxifylline on implantation and post-implantation development of mouse embryos in vitro.

Previous work from our laboratory has revealed that brief exposure of mouse zygotes to 3.6 and 7.2 mM pentoxifylline reduced cell numbers in mouse embryos reaching the blastocyst stage in vitro. Since a decrease in cell numbers may impair further development, the present study aimed to assess the implantation in vitro and the development beyond implantation of these embryos. Blastocysts cultured from the one-cell stage in the presence of 5, 10 and 50 microM pentoxifylline, i.e. concentrations expected in the secretions of the genital tract after oral administration, were shown to develop normally to the egg cylinder stage in vitro. Blastocysts, obtained after culture in vitro of zygotes exposed approximately 29 h after human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) for 30 min to 3.6 and 7.2 mM pentoxifylline, i.e. the concentrations used for enhancing sperm function in vitro, could implant but their development to the egg cylinder stage was found to be impaired. The same effect was noticed if blastocysts, grown in vitro from the one-cell stage, were exposed to 3.6 and 7.2 mM pentoxifylline for 30 min in vitro approximately 120 h after HCG. These findings imply that when pentoxifylline is used to enhance sperm function in vitro, it should be washed out of the preparation used for insemination.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Higher success rate by intracytoplasmic sperm injection than by subzonal insemination. Report of a second series of 300 consecutive treatment cycles.

Subzonal insemination (SUZI) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) were carried out in 300 treatment cycles in couples unable to be helped by conventional in-vitro fertilization treatment. More oocytes were damaged by ICSI (13.5%) than by SUZI (7.1%). The normal fertilization rate was substantially higher after ICSI (51.0%) than after SUZI (14.3%) and was related to the semen characteristics. The cleavage rate was similar for both procedures (77%). After 217 embryo transfers (72.3% of the treatment cycles) 66 pregnancies were established, i.e. pregnancy rates of 22.0% per started cycle and 30.4% per embryo transfer. So far, pregnancy loss has occurred in 27.3% of the pregnancies, nine healthy children have been born after eight deliveries and 41 clinical pregnancies are progressing uneventfully. Chorionic villus sampling or amniocentesis have been performed in 35 pregnancies and 39 normal fetal karyotypes have been obtained after cytogenetic analysis.

Female↗
PubMed1993

Effects of pentoxifylline on in-vitro development of preimplantation mouse embryos.

In-vitro culture of 1-cell mouse embryos was used to assess the influence of pentoxifylline or early embryonic development. If cultured in concentrations of 5, 10 or 50 microM, early embryonic development was unaffected and no differences in cell numbers were noted in embryos reaching the blastocyst stage. However, at 3.6 and 7.2 mM, pentoxifylline inhibited cleavage from the 2-cell stage onwards. If 1-cell mouse embryos were exposed for only 30 min to these concentrations, blastocyst formation was found to be morphologically normal. However, cell numbers of such blastocysts were significantly decreased after exposure to pentoxifylline. These results may indicate that exposure of gametes or zygotes to pentoxifylline should be avoided as much as possible when this drug is used in human assisted reproduction. If administered at regular therapeutic doses, it is probable that no adverse effect on early embryonic development in vivo will occur. Further research is needed to confirm and elucidate the above findings.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Zygote intrafallopian transfer or in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer for the treatment of male-factor infertility: a prospective randomized trial.

OBJECTIVE: To compare zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT) and in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) as treatments of male-factor infertility. DESIGN: Patients were prospectively randomized to ZIFT or IVF-ET. SETTING: In vitro fertilization program of the Centre for Reproductive Medicine of the Dutch-speaking Brussels Free University, Belgium, which is a tertiary referral institution. PATIENTS: One hundred fifty-seven couples were enrolled in the study. Inclusion criteria allowed only first trials of couples with long-standing infertility caused by a male factor. Female factors were excluded. INTERVENTIONS: In ZIFT, up to three fertilized oocytes were transferred into one single patient fallopian tube by means of laparoscopy 18 hours after insemination. In IVF-ET, cleaving embryos were replaced into the uterine cavity about 48 hours after insemination. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Fertilization and transfer rates, implantation and pregnancy rates, pregnancy outcome, and cost per procedure were evaluated. RESULTS: Implantation rates of 12.3% and 10% per replaced conceptus were achieved for ZIFT and IVF-ET, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates no therapeutic advantage of ZIFT over IVF-ET in male-factor infertility in terms of reproductive outcome or economic benefit.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Laparoscopic removal of benign mature teratoma.

Laparoscopic removal of benign mature teratoma is safe and effective in pre-menopausal patients. Fourteen patients underwent laparoscopic removal of such tumours. There were no operative complications. Post-operative hospitalization was short (average: 2 days). All patients undergoing a second-look laparoscopy had mild adhesions around the operated ovary. Two spontaneous and one in-vitro fertilization pregnancy occurred. If a teratoma is diagnosed during laparoscopy or oocyte retrieval, it should be promptly removed as malignant transformation is not excluded. In this case, the embryos should be frozen for later transfer.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Comparison of in-vitro fertilization in male and tubal infertility: a 3 year survey.

The in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) procedure was compared in 175 couples with male infertility and 480 couples with tubal infertility. In cases of male infertility, more oocytes were recovered but fewer oocytes were fertilized. Although the cleavage rate was decreased, no difference in embryo quality was found. In male infertility, fewer transfers were performed and the average number of embryos per transfer was lower. The total pregnancy rate was also lower per cycle (12.8 versus 22.9%), but not per transfer (25.4 versus 25.7%). The further obstetrical outcome was similar in both groups. We conclude that male infertility can be treated by IVF-ET but results are still disappointing when compared to a control group with normal spermatozoa.

Data Collection↗
PubMed1992

The effect of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist in the follicular phase on in-vitro fertilization outcome in normo-ovulatory women.

Sixty-three normo-ovulatory infertile women were randomly divided into two groups. All women were first desensitized with the gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa), buserelin. Thereafter, ovarian stimulation with human menopausal gonadotrophins (HMG) was started in both groups but in group A the GnRHa was stopped on the same day. In group B, the GnRHa was continued during HMG treatment until the ovulatory human chorionic gonadotrophin stimulus was given. Premature luteinization was not observed in either group, although the preovulatory basal luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion was significantly higher in group A. An equal number of embryos of comparable quality was transferred in both groups and the pregnancy outcome was similar. However, the supernumerary embryos of group A were of a lower morphological quality and survived the cryopreservation process less well. We concluded that the continuous administration of a GnRH agonist during HMG treatment resulted in better quality of supernumerary embryos.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Pituitary gonadotrophin secretory capacity during the luteal phase in superovulation using GnRH-agonists and HMG in a desensitization or flare-up protocol.

Pituitary gonadotrophin reserve and basal gonadotrophin secretion were tested during the luteal phase in women superovulated with buserelin/human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) in a desensitization (n = 17) or flare-up protocol (n = 7). In the desensitization protocol the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) stimulated serum LH and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) concentrations remained impaired at least until day 14 after arrest of the agonist. In the flare-up protocol basal and stimulated LH secretion was still abnormal on days 14 and 15 after human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) injection. Normal basal serum FSH concentrations were measured at the end of the luteal phase in the flare-up protocol, but the response of FSH to LHRH injection was still subnormal. We conclude that gonadotrophin function remained impaired until the end of the luteal phase after desensitization and flare-up GnRH-agonist and HMG stimulation protocols. Corpus luteum stimulation with exogenous HCG or substitution therapy using natural progesterone are required to prevent the possible negative effects resulting from pituitary dysfunction after GnRH-agonist treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Pregnancy after zygote intra-fallopian transfer using spermatozoa from a patient with Kallmann's syndrome.

A successful zygote intra-Fallopian transfer has been performed using spermatozoa from a patient with Kallmann's syndrome. Spermatogenesis was induced by hormonal treatment but even so, semen quality remained slightly impaired and no pregnancy occurred over 4 years, despite ovulation induction in the patient's spouse. Finally she conceived after assisted procreation by in-vitro fertilization and delivered a healthy baby.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

The incidence of multiple pregnancy after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer, gamete, or zygote intrafallopian transfer.

This retrospective study concerns the incidence of multiple pregnancy after the replacement of three conceptus using different techniques of assisted reproduction. During a 2-year period, 713 in vitro fertilization-embryo transfers (IVF-ETs) with three embryos, 190 gamete intrafallopian transfers (GIFT) with three oocytes, and 161 zygote intrafallopian transfers (ZIFT) with three zygotes were performed. Although we observed significant differences in implantation and pregnancy rates (PRs), the three techniques resulted in high multiple PR. At 20 weeks, 16% of GIFT pregnancies, 27% of ZIFT pregnancies, and 32% of IVF-ET pregnancies were multiple. Therefore we recommend to limit the number of conceptus transferred to a maximum of three in all cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

In vitro fertilization techniques with frozen-thawed sperm: a method for preserving the progenitive potential of Hodgkin patients.

The banked sperm of 5 of 13 Hodgkin patients was thawed for assisted reproduction. The post-thaw sperm characteristics were extremely impaired. Nevertheless, in 80% of all trials fertilization in vitro was obtained and conceptus could be transferred. All spouses became pregnant and seven healthy infants were born. One could recommend every Hodgkin patient to bank his sperm before chemotherapy. In vitro fertilization techniques with this frozen-thawed sperm reveal promising results in comparison with artificial insemination to maintain the reproductive capacity of male Hodgkin patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

In-vitro fertilization, gamete- or zygote intra-fallopian transfer for the treatment of male infertility.

This retrospective study compares in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET), gamete intra-Fallopian (GIFT) and zygote intra-Fallopian transfer (ZIFT) for the treatment of male infertility in 266 couples (n = 318 cycles). The IVF-ET technique revealed a total pregnancy rate of 14.1% per cycle and 29.1% per transfer. The conception rate with GIFT was 17.8%; an abortion rate of 50% was noted. The ZIFT procedure scored a 20.9% total pregnancy rate per cycle and 33.3% per transfer. The cumulative take home baby rates per couple for IVF-ET, GIFT and ZIFT were 13.5, 7.0 and 20.0%, respectively.

Adult↗