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Biomedical subjects

H Tannenbaum

Publications and source records attributed to H Tannenbaum.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Sensitive solid phase radioimmunoassay for the detection of anti-DNA autoantibodies.

Serum from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and hybridoma culture fluids derived from the fusion of SLE lymphocytes contain antibodies to native DNA (nDNA) and denatured DNA (dDNA). A rapid, efficient solid phase radioimmunoassay (RIA) was developed to screen for minute quantities of these autoantibodies. The RIA, which utilized polystyrene tubes, required the addition of 0.1% bovine serum albumin and 0.01% Tween 20 detergent to decrease nonspecific immunoglobulin binding. Pretreatment of the polystyrene tubes with poly-L-lysine (PLL) prior to coating with DNA increased the binding of radiolabeled nDNA from 15 to 46% and of dDNA from 17 to 63%. This PLL precoating step resulted in a 3-fold increase in the specificity of the assay for nDNA but was not advantageous for dDNA. The method described is sensitive, specific, and can be applied to the screening of microgram quantities of anti-DNA autoantibodies in serum and hybridoma culture fluids.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1984

Monoclonal anti-cardiolipin antibodies bind to DNA.

BALB/c mice immunized with the phospholipid, cardiolipin, produced anti-cardiolipin and anti-DNA antibodies. Seven hybridomas derived from spleen cells of the cardiolipin-immunized mice produced cardiolipin-binding monoclonal antibodies that also bound to the polynucleotides DNA, poly(dT), and poly(I). The seven cardiolipin-induced monoclonal antibodies shared idiotypic determinants with a high frequency idiotypic marker of spontaneously expressed anti-DNA autoantibodies of lupus-prone MRL-lpr/lpr mice. The monoclonal antibodies presumably bound to phosphodiester phosphate groups that occur in both polynucleotides and phospholipids. The results imply that production of anti-DNA autoantibodies does not require immunization by DNA.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Osteopenia in rheumatology practice: pathogenesis and therapy.

Postmenopausal osteoporosis has a multifactorial pathogenesis related to decreases in bone mass, calcium intake, and circulating estrogen levels. Therapy with supplemental calcium, estrogen, fluoride, anabolic steroids, and calcitonin is discussed. Corticosteroid-induced osteopenia is in part related to a decrease in intestinal calcium absorption and therapy with supplemental vitamin D and calcium may favorably alter the outcome. The osteopenia of rheumatoid arthritis appears to be a diffuse process, with increased metabolic bone activity at sites that are remote from the areas of active synovitis.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1984

Influence of fusion cell ratio and cell plating density on production of human-human hybridomas secreting anti-DNA autoantibodies from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

The utilization of one human lymphoblastoid cell line in fusion experiments with peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has made it possible to define efficient and reproducible conditions for the production of anti-DNA-secreting human-human hybridomas. This investigation, using the human lymphoblastoid cell line GM 4672 fused in the presence of 44% polyethylene glycol with lymphocytes from SLE patients, demonstrated a maximal yield of 22.8% hybridomas, 17% of which produced anti-DNA antibodies. We were able to define, in two independent laboratories, that the maximal yield of hybridomas occurred when the lymphocyte to GM 4672 cell ratio was 1:1 and cells were seeded in 2.0 ml wells at a concentration of 4 X 10(5) cells/well. This report demonstrates the reproducibility of human-human hybridoma production with the GM 4672 cell line and the establishment of efficient conditions for the production of anti-DNA autoantibodies from SLE patients.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1984

Quantitative joint imaging using 67gallium citrate in a rabbit model of zymosan induced arthritis.

The intensity of synovitis induced by the intraarticular injection of 70 mg of zymosan into rabbit knee joints was assessed using the radiopharmaceutical 67gallium citrate (67Ga). Maximal uptake of 67Ga was observed 5 days after zymosan administration. The distribution of 67Ga in the intraarticular and paraarticular structures was quantitated and highest concentrations were found in the synovial membrane. The short term quantitative evaluation of zymosan induced arthritis is possible using scintigraphic technique.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Wegener's granulomatosis. Clinical features and outcome in 13 patients.

Thirteen patients with Wegener's granulomatosis were seen over 10.5 years. The clinical features resembled those in previously reported series, except for the increased frequency of inflammatory arthritis, which was a prominent early feature in ten patients (77%). Four (31%) of the 13 had fulminant vasculitis and died before receiving an adequate course of cytotoxic drug therapy. Two of these four had a pulmonary-renal syndrome that mimicked Goodpasture's syndrome. All of the remaining nine patients (69%) achieved an initial remission with cytotoxic agents (azathioprine or cyclophosphamide), but four died in less than one year with no evidence of vasculitis at autopsy. The 56% survival rate to one year in these nine patients contrasts with an 86% to 100% survival in other series. Chronic renal failure was a prominent sequela in those who survived one year.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Stress exertion on adjacent segments after ventral cervical fusion.

Special investigations of the adjacent segments are performed in patients with cervical fusion operations caused by different indications: Only a few of alteration was seen after operations caused by infectious disease, tumor or trauma. A different situation arises with degenerative lesions, where often progressive changes were seen in the adjacent segments. This phenomena may be dependent at first of the kind of lesion (degeneration) and only at second of the kind of operation.

Cervical Vertebrae↗
PubMed1983

Immunologic characteristics of the leukocyte adherence inhibition assay in rheumatoid arthritis.

Peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) when used in the leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) assay were capable of distinguishing antigenic differences between RA and osteoarthritic (OA) synovial membrane extracts. Normal PBL from control subjects with nonadherence index (NAI) values of 7 +/- 2 were able to respond positively (NAI values of 31 +/- 6) in the LAI assay if briefly preincubated with IgG obtained from LAI-position RA subjects. The LAI-positive response of PBL from RA patients was negated by preincubating the cells with sera obtained from LAI-nonreactive RA patients. Preincubation of reactive LAI-positive RA cells with urinary protein from 4 LAI-nonreactive RA patients blocked the response of reactive RA leukocytes in the LAI assay (42 +/- 2 to 14 +/- 2). In contrast, preincubation of reactive LAI-positive RA cells with urinary protein from LAI-reactive RA patients or patients with gout had no effect on subsequent LAI reactivity. This study suggests that LAI-nonreactive RA subjects have a 'rheumatoid neoantigen-like material' in their circulation which is excreted in their urine and is capable of being recognized by PBL of reactive, LAI-positive RA patients.

Antigens↗
PubMed1983

Presence of "rheumatoid neoantigen-like material" in urine of patients with RA, demonstrated by use of leukocyte adherence inhibition assay.

Peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) when used in the leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) assay were capable of distinguishing antigenic differences between rheumatoid and osteoarthritic synovial membrane extracts. The positive LAI response of RA patients was negated by preincubating the cells with sera or urine proteins obtained from LAI nonreactive RA patients. This study suggests that LAI nonreactive RA subjects have in their serum a material cross reactive with rheumatoid synovium which we have called "rheumatoid neoantigen-like material" which is excreted in their urine, and is capable of being recognized by PBL of reactive, LAI positive RA patients.

Antigens↗
PubMed1983

A clinical study of older age rheumatoid arthritis with comparison to a younger onset group.

The clinical features, therapy and course of disease in a group of 34 patients with older age onset rheumatoid arthritis (ORA) defined as disease onset after age 60 are compared with a group of 34 rheumatoid patients whose disease onset began at a younger age (YRA). Onset of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) beyond age 60 is not uncommon as ORA represented 33% of all RA patients seen in our rheumatic disease unit. The ORA patients had a shorter mean disease duration (p less than 0.001) and a tendency to less rheumatoid factor seropositivity (p = 0.06) despite random selection for active disease of less than 10 years' duration. Suppressive therapy was employed less frequently in ORA (p less than 0.01) than in YRA but the use of other therapeutic modalities and the last recorded functional class were similar in the 2 groups. ORA patients did have greater functional incapacity at some point in their disease course (p less than 0.01) as well as a greater frequency of weight loss (p less than 0.001) and other acute systemic features at onset than YRA patients. Seronegative ORA appeared to have a favourable disease course in comparison with seropositive ORA.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

Immune reactivity to native type II collagen in rheumatoid arthritis assessed by the leukocyte adherence inhibition assay and radioimmunoassay.

Cellular immunity to native type II collagen as well as to rheumatoid and osteoarthritic synovial membrane homogenates was assessed in a leukocyte adherence assay (LAI) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Eleven out of 14 RA patients (79%) were positive in the LAI assay, demonstrating increased reactivity to rheumatoid over osteoarthritic synovial extracts. Increased reactivity to native type II collagen was not noted in the LAI assay. Radioimmunoassay studies demonstrated that 3 out of 14 RA patients (22%) had circulating IgG rheumatoid factor. None of the 11 patients with osteoarthritic or seronegative arthritis had antibodies to native type II collagen or circulating IgG rheumatoid factor, although 2 subjects with ankylosing spondylitis yielded positive LAI results. Our results suggest that type II collagen is not the important constituent in rheumatoid synovial membrane extract responsible for the positive LAI results observed in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1980

Adult Still's disease.

The clinical and laboratory features in six patients with adult Still's disease are presented and compared with those in 52 other cases gathered from the literature. Although there is no pathognomonic abnormality, the condition can be readily recognized by the striking constellation of clinical and laboratory abnormalities. The typical rash occurs in 90 per cent of the cases, arthritis in 88 per cent, a fever with temperatures of 40 degrees C or more in 83 per cent and leukocytosis of 18,000 cells/mm3 or more in 67 per cent. One or more ot the following are frequently found: lymphadenopathy (48 per cent), splenomegaly (45 per cent), pleuritis or pneumonitis (31 per cent) and pericarditis (26 per cent). The initial therapy of choice is high doses of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. This is not an uncommon disease, as was once thought, and awareness of it will avoid unnecessary diagnostic procedures and delay in initiating therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Hairy-cell leukaemia with polyarteritis nodosa.

In four patients a systemic vasculitis similar to polyarteritis nodosa developed within 2 years of the onset of hairy-cell leukaemia. Arteriographic studies in two patients revealed microaneurysms, and biopsy specimens in three patients revealed a vasculitis affecting medium-sized vessels. Blood neutrophilia and neutrophilic vascular infiltrate were absent. One patient had circulating immune complexes. Two patients responded to corticosteroids alone, one required cyclophosphamide as well as steroids, and one improved without chemotherapy. The association of vasculitis with hairy-cell leukaemia may provide insight into the pathogenesis of arteritis.

Adult↗