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Biomedical subjects

H Taniguchi

Publications and source records attributed to H Taniguchi.

At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Clinical studies on cefteram pivoxil in the treatment of respiratory infections].

Cefteram pivoxil (CFTM-PI), a new ester type cephem antibiotic, was administered at a daily dose of 600 mg to 81 patients with respiratory infections. They included 4 cases of laryngopharyngitis, 5 cases of tonsillitis, 26 cases of acute bronchitis, 13 cases of pneumonia, 10 cases of chronic bronchitis, 1 case of diffuse panbronchiolitis, 14 cases of infected bronchiectasis and 8 cases of infected other chronic respiratory diseases. Clinical effects were excellent in 18 cases, good in 50 cases, fair in 7 cases, and poor in 6 cases, thus, the efficacy rate was 84.0%. Nausea was observed in 2 cases, and diarrhea, vertigo, or fever was observed in 1 case each. The elevation of GOT and GPT values were found in 4 cases and a slight elevation of total bilirubin value was found in 1 case. These adverse reactions, however, were slight in their grades. CFTM-PI appears to be a useful oral cephem antibiotic in the treatment of respiratory infections.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

[A case of myxadenoma of the renal capsule].

We reported the case of a 69-year-old man who had resection of a myxadenoma of the renal capsule. The tumor measured 28 x 24 x 6.5 cm and weighed 3,000 grams including the left kidney. CT was useful in suggesting the diagnosis of the renal capsular tumor.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1990

Mast cells in fracture healing: an experimental study using rat model.

To investigate the role of mast cells in wound healing process, the time course of appearance and distribution of mast cells were examined during fracture healing in rats. In the early phase of fracture healing, mast cells appeared in the original marrow adjacent to the internal callus. In later phases, mast cells appeared in the newly formed marrow in the external callus. In the external callus the number of mast cells reached a peak at around 5 weeks after fracture when remodeling was progressing. At this phase, the number of mast cells in the convex side of the fracture was significantly greater than that in the concave side. These results suggest that mast cells promote bone resorption, especially during remodeling of callus formed at the fractured site.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Hemodynamic response to ibopamine in acute myocardial infarction.

To determine the effects of ibopamine on hemodynamic parameters, 9 patients with cardiac dilation after acute myocardial infarction were studied. Although there were no significant changes in mean blood pressure, heart rate and rate pressure product after administration of ibopamine, cardiac index and urine volume increased significantly. These data indicate that ibopamine exerts a positive inotropic effect on the myocardium and vasodilating effect on renal vasculature without increasing myocardial oxygen consumption. However, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure increased significantly at 30 min after ibopamine and decreased to the control value at 120 min. A significant increase in heart rate was observed in 3 patients which was followed by chest pain. In addition to increase in cardiac contractile force and decrease in subendocardial perfusion from elevated left ventricular end diastolic pressure, increase in heart rate would decrease diastole time, while increase in oxygen consumption results in aggravation of ischemia especially in patients with multivessel coronary disease. From these findings it is considered that ibopamine should be administered with care to patients with multivessel coronary disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Intracavitary microspheres incorporating cisplatinum in the treatment of malignant effusions--clinical trials].

A new dosage form of cisplatinum (CDDP), lactic acid oligomer microspheres incorporating cisplatinum (CDDP-ms), is designed to slowly release 70% of contained CDDP. CDDP-ms's acute toxicity is as low as 57% of the toxicity of CDDP aqueous solution, and its therapeutic efficacy is statistically significantly strong as compared with that of CDDP aqueous solution, when examined with experimental peritoneal carcinomatosis induced by mouse M5076 ovarian sarcoma. Clinical trials were carried out in 10 patients with malignant ascites (gastric cancer 6, pseudomyxoma peritonei 2, colon cancer 1, pancreas cancer 1) and in one patient with pleural effusion (lung cancer). CDDP-ms at 100 mg/person in terms of CDDP was injected at bolus into the affected cavity. In the 10 patients with ascites, 7 responded completely, two partially and one did not respond. The patient with pleural effusion responded partially. The response rate was 91%. Five of the 11 patients complained of temporary nausea or vomiting. In 5 patients fever higher than 38 degrees C was seen. No other side effect such as kidney, nor liver-damage or blood cell count abnormality was noted.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical study of drug accumulation in gastric cancer after preoperative intra-arterial EA'P injection therapy].

In order to deliver a high concentration of anti-cancer drugs in tumor tissue, preoperative intra-arterial injection therapy using Etoposide (VP-16), Pirarubicin (THP-ADM) and Cisplatin (CDDP), was used for 22 patients with resectable advanced gastric cancer. The concentration of VP-16, Adriamycin (ADM) and platinum (Pt) were measured in cancer tissue, normal mucosa and lymphnodes without metastasis at the greater curvature, which were gathered operatively and in serum just before operation. Student's t test was performed with their data. The mean concentration of VP-16 was less than the detectable limit in all tissues and in serum. The mean concentration of ADM in cancer tissue was significantly higher than in normal gastric mucosa, in lymphnodes without metastasis, and in serum. The mean concentration of platinum in cancer tissue was higher than those in lymphnodes, normal mucosa, and serum, but no significant differences were noted among them. It was concluded that the intra-arterial injection of THP-ADM and CDDP was an effective method to maintain a high concentration of ADM and Pt in gastric cancer tissue. However, intra-arterial injection of VP-16 was not useful.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1989

Tissue norepinephrine depletion as a mechanism for cysteamine inhibition of colon carcinogenesis induced by azoxymethane in Wistar rats.

The effects of cysteamine (2-aminoethanethiol hydrochloride) on the incidence, number and histology of colon tumors induced by azoxymethane (AOM), and on the norepinephrine concentration in the colon wall tissue and the labelling indices of colon mucosa and colon cancers were investigated in Wistar rats. Rats received 10 weekly injections of 7.4 mg/kg body weight of AOM and alternate-day subcutaneous injections of 25 mg/kg of cysteamine in 0.9% NaCl solution until the end of the experiment. At week 40, prolonged administration of cysteamine significantly reduced the incidence and number of colon tumors. Histologically, the adenocarcinomas that did develop in rats treated with cysteamine exhibited high mucin-producing activity. Administration of cysteamine caused significant decreases in the norepinephrine concentration in colon tissue and in the labelling indices of colon mucosa and cancers. Our findings indicate that cysteamine inhibits the development of colon tumors. This action may be related to its effect in decreasing norepinephrine concentration in the colon wall tissues and subsequently in decreasing proliferation of colon cancer cells.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Resonance Raman study on the structure of the active sites of microsomal cytochrome P-450 isozymes LM2 and LM4.

The isozymes 2 and 4 of rabbit microsomal cytochrome P-450 (LM2, LM4) have been studied by resonance Raman spectroscopy. Based on high quality spectra, a vibrational assignment of the porphyrin modes in the frequency range between 100-1700 cm-1 is presented for different ferric states of cytochrome P-450 LM2 and LM4. The resonance Raman spectra are interpreted in terms of the spin and ligation state of the heme iron and of heme-protein interactions. While in cytochrome P-450 LM2 the six-coordinated low-spin configuration is predominantly occupied, in the isozyme LM4 the five-coordinated high-spin form is the most stable state. The different stability of these two spin configurations in LM2 and LM4 can be attributed to the structures of the active sites. In the low-spin form of the isozymes LM4 the protein matrix forces the heme into a more rigid conformation than in LM2. These steric constraints are removed upon dissociation of the sixth ligand leading to a more flexible structure of the active site in the high-spin form of the isozyme LM4. The vibrational modes of the vinyl groups were found to be characteristic markers for the specific structures of the heme pockets in both isozymes. They also respond sensitively to type-I substrate binding. While in cytochrome P-450 LM4 the occupation of the substrate-binding pocket induces conformational changes of the vinyl groups, as reflected by frequency shifts of the vinyl modes, in the LM2 isozyme the ground-state conformation of these substituents remain unaffected, suggesting that the more flexible heme pocket can accommodate substrates without imposing steric constraints on the porphyrin. The resonance Raman technique makes structural changes visible which are induced by substrate binding in addition and independent of the changes associated with the shift of the spin state equilibrium: the high-spin states in the substrate-bound and substrate-free enzyme are structurally different. The formation of the inactive form, P-420, involves a severe structural rearrangement in the heme binding pocket leading to drastic changes of the vinyl group conformations. The conformational differences of the active sites in cytochromes P-450 LM2 and LM4 observed in this work contribute to the understanding of the structural basis accounting for substrate and product specificity of cytochrome P-450 isozymes.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Intraarterial infusion chemotherapy for metastatic liver tumors using multiple anti-cancer agents suspended in a lipid contrast medium.

An ethiodized oil, Lipiodol (Lipiodol Ultra-Fluid, Laboratoire Guerbet, Paris, France), when injected into the hepatic artery, is selectively retained by liver tumors. Thus, anti-cancer agents suspended in Lipiodol can be delivered specifically to liver tumors. Before clinical trials of this new drug delivery system were begun, the movements of drugs suspended in Lipiodol were examined in vitro. It was found that 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin, and mitomycin C were continuously released from oil phase to water phase, and when these three drugs were collectively suspended in Lipiodol, each was released independently. During clinical investigations, 42 patients with unresectable metastatic liver tumors were treated with intraarterial infusions of anti-cancer drugs in Lipiodol. As a result, the administration of a combination of anti-cancer agents suspended in Lipiodol was shown to be effective in controlling metastatic liver tumors. It was concluded that such a method could be applied to a variety of metastatic liver tumors with different drug sensitivities.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Enhancement by somatostatin of experimental gastric carcinogenesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in Wistar rats.

The effects of somatostatin on the incidence, number, and histological type of gastric cancers induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine were investigated in Wistar rats. Rats received alternate-day s.c. injections of 100 or 200 micrograms/kg body weight of somatostatin in depot form after 25 weeks of p.o. treatment with the carcinogen. Prolonged administration of somatostatin at both dosages significantly increased the incidence and number of gastric cancers of the glandular stomach in Week 52. Furthermore, somatostatin at 200 micrograms/kg caused a significant increase in the incidence of gastric cancers penetrating the muscle layer or deeper layers. However, somatostatin at both dosages did not influence their histological appearance. Histologically, somatostatin at both dosages significantly elevated the labeling index of gastric cancers but not of the antral mucosa and significantly reduced the gastrin levels. These findings indicate that somatostatin enhances gastric carcinogenesis after N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine treatment and that this effect may be related to its effect in increasing proliferation of gastric cancers and decreasing serum gastrin level.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Promotion by bombesin of gastric carcinogenesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in Wistar rats.

The effects of bombesin on the incidence, number, histological type, and depth of involvement of gastric cancers induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) were investigated in male Wistar rats. Rats received alternate-day s.c. administration of 20 or 40 micrograms/kg body weight of bombesin in depot form after p.o. treatment with the carcinogen for 25 weeks. Prolonged administration of bombesin at 40 micrograms/kg led to a significant increase in the incidence and number per rat of gastric cancers of the glandular stomach at Week 52. In rats that had received alternate-day injections of 20 micrograms/kg of bombesin, the number of gastric cancers per rat, but not the incidence of cancer, was significantly more than in untreated rats. However, bombesin at both dosages did not affect the histological appearance of the lesions or their depth of involvement. At Weeks 30 and 52, norepinephrine concentrations in the fundic and antral portion of the gastric walls and labeling indices in the antral and fundic mucosae were significantly higher in rats treated with bombesin at both dosages than in untreated rats. These findings indicate that bombesin enhances gastric carcinogenesis after administration of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine is stopped and that this effect may be related to its effects in increasing tissue norepinephrine concentrations in the stomach wall and increasing cell proliferation in the gastric mucosa.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Cardiovascular and pupillary light reflexes in subjects with abnormal glucose tolerance.

It is well known that in diabetes mellitus autonomic neuropathy frequently develops. This is usually determined by the cardiovascular reflex. Furthermore, even in borderline cases that have not become overt diabetes, we have already reported the presence of autonomic neuropathy as assessed by the pupillary light reflex. However, a relationship between the impairments of the cardiovascular and pupillary light reflexes is not clear, especially in people with abnormal glucose tolerance. In the present study diabetics were divided into three groups according to the results of their cardiac beat-to-beat variation (BBV) tests and Schellong tests; group I had no abnormality of these cardiovascular reflexes, group II had abnormal BBV scores and normal Schellong test scores, and group III had abnormal responses to both tests. People with borderline diabetes (B-DM) were free from any impairment of their cardiovascular reflexes. We examined their pupillary light reflexes. Age-matched non-diabetics were also studied as a control. The following results were obtained. (1) Compared to controls, (a) diabetics, but not borderline diabetics, had smaller pupils before photic stimulation (A1) and lower maximum dilatation velocities (VD). These illustrate sympathetic function; (b) diabetics and borderline diabetics had lower amplitudes of constriction (A3) and maximum constriction velocities (VC). These illustrate parasympathetic function; (c) borderline diabetics and those diabetics belonging to group III experienced a lower pupillary constriction rate.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Fast liquid chromatographic assay of androgen aromatase activity.

A rapid, sensitive nonradiometric assay method for the enzymatic aromatization of androgens has been developed using reversed-phase fast liquid chromatography. The use of a 3-microns-particle, 5-cm-long column allowed analysis of androstenedione, estrone, testosterone, and estradiol within 1 min. The reliability of the method was demonstrated by measuring the aromatase activity of human placental microsomes and that of the purified reconstituted aromatase system using both substrates. The rapid analysis enabled the processing of a large number of samples in a short time, which makes the present method especially suitable for the analysis of chromatographic fractions obtained during enzyme purifications and for enzyme kinetic studies.

Androstenedione↗
PubMed1989

Glutathione S-transferase is an in vitro substrate of Ca++-phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase C).

Glutathione S-transferase was found to be a good substrate of Ca++-phospholipid-dependent protein kinase in vitro. Of 6 isozymes of glutathione transferase purified from rat liver cytosol (1-1, 1-2, 2-2, 3-3, 3-4, 4-4), only isozymes 1-1, 1-2 and 2-2 were significantly phosphorylated by the kinase purified from rabbit brain. Phosphorylation was more pronounced in subunit 1 than in subunit 2, and the degree of the phosphorylation was similar in all three homo- and heterodimers, where 1 mol of phosphoryl group per mol subunit was transferred to the subunit 1. The phosphorylated transferase 1-1 showed decreased affinity for bilirubin, suggesting that the phosphorylation affects the function of glutathione S-transferase in an isozyme-specific manner.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Separation and purification of component proteins of the cytochrome P-450-dependent microsomal monooxygenase system by high-performance liquid chromatography.

The component proteins of the hepatic microsomal monooxygenase system, including various cytochrome P-450 isozymes, were separated and isolated from liver microsomes of untreated rabbits by Aminohexyl Sepharose and high-performance liquid chromatography (TSK preparative DEAE 5-PW, Bio-Rad HPHT). In addition to the known cytochrome P-450 isozymes, two new isozymes and one variant of the major isozyme were isolated. The monooxygenase activity was reconstituted by incorporating the purified proteins into liposomal membranes.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Effect of 6-hydroxydopamine on gastric carcinogenesis and tetragastrin inhibition of gastric carcinogenesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in Wistar rats.

The effects of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) on gastric carcinogenesis, on inhibition by tetragastrin of gastric carcinogenesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, and on the tissue catecholamine concentrations of the gastric wall and the labeling index of the gastric mucosa were investigated in inbred Wistar rats. Rats received s.c. injections of tetragastrin (1 mg/kg of body weight every other day) in depot form, i.p. injections of 6-OHDA (42 mg/kg twice within 24 h and 105 mg/kg every 2 wk), or injections of both compounds after 25 wk of p.o. treatment with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (100 micrograms/ml). At Wk 52, prolonged administration of tetragastrin or 6-OHDA had significantly reduced the incidence and the number of adenocarcinomas. Combined administration of tetragastrin and 6-OHDA significantly enhanced the inhibitory effects of tetragastrin or 6-OHDA on gastric carcinogenesis. Administration of 6-OHDA but not tetragastrin, caused a significant decrease in norepinephrine concentrations in the antral portion of the gastric wall. Rats treated with tetragastrin or 6-OHDA had a significantly lower labelling index of the antral mucosa, and this index was significantly decreased by combined administration of tetragastrin and 6-OHDA, as compared with labeling indices observed after treatment with tetragastrin or 6-OHDA alone. These findings indicate that 6-OHDA exerts a protective effect against gastric carcinogenesis and enhances the inhibitory effect of tetragastrin on gastric carcinogenesis. This effect of 6-OHDA may be related to its ability to inhibit cell proliferation of the antral mucosa.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Effect of cooling rate on insulin release from frozen-thawed dispersed rat islet cells.

Rat islet cells, dissociated with EDTA-Dispase, were immersed in 10% dimethyl sulfoxide at 20 degrees C for 15 min and frozen to -40 degrees C at a cooling rate of 0.5 or 1.0 degree C/min and subsequently further to -80 degrees C at 3 degrees C/min by a programmable freezer. After being maintained at -80 degrees C for 10 min, they were rapidly thawed in a water bath at 37 degrees C. They were cultured for 12 h and preincubated in 3.3 mM glucose-containing Krebs-Henseleit bicarbonate buffer (KHBB) for 1 h. Groups of 10(4) cells were then incubated in 3.3 or 16.7 mM glucose-containing KHBB for another hour. As a control, non-frozen-thawed cultured islet cells were incubated similarly. The non-frozen rat islet cells released 1.29 pg insulin/cell.60 min in the presence of 3.3 mM glucose and this release level was significantly elevated to 1.64 pg insulin/cell.60 min in the presence of 16.7 mM glucose. The cells frozen at 0.5 degree C/min releasing 1.55 pg insulin/cell.60 min in the presence of 3.3 mM glucose also responded to 16.7 mM glucose and released the significantly high level of 1.87 pg insulin/cell.60 min. However, the islet cells frozen at a cooling rate of 1 degree C/min secreted 1.74 and 1.92 pg insulin/cell.60 min in the presence of 3.3 mM and 16.7 mM glucose respectively. There was no significant difference between these levels. These results indicate that cryopreservation at a cooling rate of 0.5 degree C/min may be adequate for the preservation of dispersed pancreatic endocrine cells.

Animals↗