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Biomedical subjects

H Taniguchi

Publications and source records attributed to H Taniguchi.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Inhibitory effect of erythromycin on interleukin 8 production by 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-stimulated THP-1 cells.

We have recently reported that long-term administration of erythromycin at a low dose reduced the number of neutrophils and concentrations of interleukin 8 (IL-8) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in patients with chronic lower respiratory tract disease. To investigate the mechanism of action of erythromycin, we evaluated its effect on IL-8 production in the 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-stimulated human monocytic cell line THP-1. Erythromycin at a concentration of 10 micrograms/ml significantly reduced IL-8 production by THP-1 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (10 ng/ml) and 1% normal human serum compared with the amount produced by untreated cells (untreated cells, 2,448 pg/ml; erythromycin-treated cells, 872 pg/ml). Our results suggest that erythromycin may impair IL-8 production by alveolar macrophages, ultimately reducing neutrophil accumulation in the airspace.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1996

Early gastric cancer in young adults.

The clinicopathological features of 31 young patients with early gastric cancer, defined as under 40 years of age, were reviewed retrospectively from hospital records between 1969 and 1993. The results were compared with those for 549 patients 40 years of age or older. Early gastric cancer was found in 36.0% of the younger patients with gastric cancers and in 36.3% of the older patients with those. The gender ratio of m/f was 1.21 for the younger patients and 2.37 for the older patients. The macroscopic characteristics of early gastric cancer for the younger patients were superficial depressed lesions and a larger tumor size. The distinguished histologic features of early gastric cancer for the younger patients were a diffuse type of cancer and infiltrative tumor growth with a scirrhous stroma. More extensive lymph node dissection was performed on the younger patients than on the older patients. The younger patients had a prognosis similar to that of the older patients. We conclude that early gastric cancer in young patients possesses histological aggressiveness, but those patients rather show a similar survival to older patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Adult respiratory distress syndrome with increased serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid levels of squamous cell carcinoma-related antigen.

We report a case with adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) associated with increased levels of squamous cell carcinoma-related antigen (SCC) in the serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). ARDS was likely induced by ibuprofen, based on the presence of pancytopenia and a weakly positive drug lymphocyte stimulating test (DLST). High serum and BALF levels of interleukin (IL)-8, neutrophil elastase as well as SCC were detected. Corticosteroid therapy resulted in clinical improvement, resolution of pulmonary infiltrates on chest roentgenogram and normalization of serum and BALF levels of IL-8, neutrophil elastase and SCC.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1996

Sustained high levels of circulatory interleukin-8 are associated with a poor outcome in patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome.

Neutrophils are reported to be a major factor in the pathogenesis of the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We measured serial levels of circulatory interleukin (IL)-8 and neutrophil elastase in 16 patients with ARDS at the onset, on day 3 and on day 7 and studied the relationship of these levels to the clinical course. Circulatory IL-8 levels of all the patients at the onset were significantly elevated compared with controls, mean +/- SE, 30.0 +/- 6.7 pg/ml and 3.3 +/- 0.3 pg/ ml, respectively. There was a significant correlation between IL-8 and neutrophil elastase levels at the onset (r = 0.65, p < 0.01). In nonsurvivors circulatory IL-8 levels were significantly higher than those of survivors throughout the study. There were significant differences in oxygenation, as reflected by PaO2/FIO2 ratios, between survivors and nonsurvivors at day 7, mean +/- SE, 208.5 +/- 21.9 and 113.5 +/- 9.6, respectively. In conclusion, we have shown that the level of circulatory IL-8 is elevated in patients with ARDS, and sustained high levels of circulatory IL-8 might be correlated with a poor outcome.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Influence on isometric muscle contraction during shoulder abduction by changing occlusal situation.

Many studies have been performed on the mandibular orthopedic repositioning appliance (MORA) as an athletic performance enhancer since the late 1970s. The concept that changing the mandibular position would increase the strength and improve the performance of subjects has been a source of controversy among various researchers. The strength of shoulder abduction and electronic activities of six muscle groups in the upper body were tested on seven subjects in this study. The normalized data for four different situations: rest position, MVC (Maximum Voluntary Contraction) in an intercuspal position, MVC with placebo, and MVC with MORA in supported rest position were analysed. Statistical analysis demonstrated that the MVC with MORA was significantly stronger than the rest position for upper appendage strength. The electronic activities of all muscle groups were significantly greater with MORA than those in rest position, and some of them were significantly greater with MORA than with either MVC or placebo situation. THe results suggested that the muscle activities of the upper appendage were increased by biting MORA in the supported rest position during the shoulder abduction performance.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Angiotensin-II-induced hypertension chemotherapy: evaluation of hepatic blood flow with oxygen-15 PET.

We quantitatively measured blood flow in liver parenchyma and hepatic tumors in two patients using 15O-carbon dioxide (steady state) and 15O-water (dynamic) PET imaging. Images were acquired before and during administration of angiotensin-II to achieve a hypertensive state. Blood flow in the hepatocellular carcinoma was greater than that of the parenchyma. Blood flow in the colon metastasis was similar to that in the parenchyma and lower in the center than in the periphery. During a hypertensive state induced by angiotensin II, blood flow in both the primary and secondary liver tumors did not change, while blood flow in the liver parenchyma decreased. As a result, there was a relative increase in tumor blood flow during the hypertensive state on PET images. Furthermore, blood flow to the spleen decreased to 55% of baseline during the hypertensive state. These findings suggest that hypertensive cancer chemotherapy may protect normal tissue. Furthermore, PET imaging may be able to predict the efficacy of hypertensive cancer chemotherapy in the patients with liver tumors.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1996

[Rapidly progressing BOOP in a patient with positive anti-Jo-1 antibody: response to corticosteroid pulse and immunosuppressant therapy].

A 61-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with a two week history of knee-joint pain, dry coughing and dyspnea on exertion. A chest roentgenogram revealed bilateral patchy and infiltrative shadows. Laboratory examination revealed high CK and aldolase levels. Although myositic symptoms were absent, the respiratory symptoms rapidly worsened and respiratory failure developed. An open-lung biopsy and a muscle biopsy were done. The open-lung biopsy specimen showed bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP), but the muscle biopsy specimen revealed non-specific findings. After 4 weeks of intravenous intermittent high-dose corticosteroid therapy, 50mg of cyclophosphamide was given daily, along with 20mg of prednisolone on alternate days. There were marked clinical, physiological and roentgenographic improvements. A test for anti-Jo-1 antibody was positive, which suggested that this patients had pulmonary manifestations of polymyositis/dermatomyositis. Although BOOP can have an indolent course and a good prognosis, it may rapidly worsen and respiratory failure may develop, in which case it should be treated aggressively with a combination of intravenous high-dose corticosteroids and immunosuppressants.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMed1996

[Acute bronchiolitis due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae and successfully treated with steroids].

A high fever, coughing, stridor, and dyspnea developed in a 52-year-old woman on October 19, 1995. She went to a local clinic and was treated with oral penicillin and intravenous cefpirome. The symptoms worsened, and she was admitted to our hospital on October 26. Coarse crackles and wheezing were heard in both lung fields. The white blood cell count was 9000/mm3 and arterial blood gas analysis revealed a PaO2 of 49.8 Torr on room air. A chest roentgenogram obtained on admission showed a few small bibasilar nodular infiltrates, and a chest CT scan showed thickened bronchial walls along with small nodules having a centrilobular distribution. Of the cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, 88% were neutrophils, but tests for bacteria and mycobacteria were negative. The cold-agglutinin titer was 1:512. The Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody titer (IIIA) was 1:640 and viral serology tests were negative. Acute bronchiolitis due to M. pneumoniae was diagnosed and treatment with intravenous minocycline was started. The symptoms (coughing, fever, and stridor) resolved and the small nodules on chest CT scan disappeared, but hypoxemia remained. At the same time, an obstructive ventilatory defect (FEV1% 62.8%) and abnormal ventilation/perfusion lung scans were noted. Development into bronchiolitis obliterans was suspected, so administration of methyl prednisolone (1 g/day for 3 days) and prednisolone was started. The response to steroids was good. Pulmonary function improved and the arterial PaO2 at the time of discharge was 86 Torr (room air). Use of steroid therapy in the early phase of bronchiolitis obliterans seemed to be effective.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

[Defensin in plasma and in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome].

We measured the levels of defensins, antimicrobial peptides, and cytotoxic peptides in azurophil granules of neutrophils in plasma, and in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). High levels of plasma defensins were observed in samples from patients with ARDS. Samples of BALF from patients with ARDS also had more neutrophils and higher concentrations of defensins than did samples from healthy volunteers and from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis or diffuse panbronchiolitis. In addition, the concentration of interleukin (IL)-8 in BALF was higher in patients with ARDS than in other subjects. A significant correlation was found between the concentration of defensins and that of IL-8 in BALF from patients with ARDS. These findings suggest that the lung injury in ARDS is caused by defensins released by neutrophils that accumulate in the lungs.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Reconstitution ratio is critical for alloreactive T cell deletion and skin graft survival in mixed bone marrow chimeras.

Although allogeneic bone marrow (BM) transplantation is an effective way to induce donor-specific tolerance, its clinical application is hampered because of the risk associated with vigorous myeloablative pretransplant conditioning. One approach to overcome this problem is to establish a lower chimeric state by mild myeloablation. It is not clear, however, whether there is a threshold in the extent of chimerism that is required for tolerance induction. In this study, we establish a mixed BM chimera system to examine the correlation between the reconstitution ratio of BM chimerism, donor-reactive T cell deletion, and skin graft acceptance using I-E alpha transgenic C57BL/6 mice as the BM and skin graft donors and Ly5 congenic C57BL/6 mice as the recipients. In this system, the class II MHC molecule I-E was the transplantation Ag, and the extent of I-E-reactive T cell deletion was determined by flow cytometry using a mAb specific for the V beta 11 TCR. The degree of BM chimerism was measured by examining the expression of donor-derived Ly5.2 and host-derived Ly5.1 on peripheral blood cells. Transplantation of I-E+ transgenic donor BM cells resulted in deletion of V beta 11+CD4+ T cells in recipient's PBL, and the extent of deletion was proportional to the degree of chimerism. When mice of different degrees of chimerism were tested for skin graft survival, we found that recipient mice with > 30% chimerism could accept skin grafts from I-E+ donor mice, whereas those with < 10% chimerism showed prolonged but not permanent graft survival. These findings revealed the sequence of events for induction of tolerance. First, the degree of BM chimerism determines the number of I-E+ cells in the thymus, which then elicits negative selection of I-E-reactive T cells in a form of clonal deletion. The extent of T cell deletion ultimately determines the mode of tolerance. These data provide experimental evidence for the potential use of partial chimerism by bone marrow transplantation for the induction of donor-specific tolerance in clinical settings.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Induction of cytochrome P-4502B1-related mouse cytochrome P-450 and regulation of its expression by epidermal growth factor/transforming growth factor alpha in primary hepatocyte culture.

Phenobarbital-dependent induction of mouse cytochrome P-450 (Cyp) orthologous to rat CYP2B1 and its modulation by hepatotrophic growth factors were examined in primary hepatocyte cultures. Compared to rat hepatocytes, induction in mouse hepatocytes was more rapid and effective. Ligands of the EGF receptor, epidermal growth factor, and transforming growth factor alpha inhibited induction on the basis of protein expression and CYP2B-associated 7-pentoxyresorufin-O-depentylase activity. Furthermore, EGF led to repression of accumulation of corresponding mRNA under phenobarbital, an effect not blocked by inhibition of protein synthesis under cycloheximide. Ligands of the EGF receptor may contribute towards the decrease in hepatic CYP expression observed during (pre)neoplastic development and regeneration.

Animals↗