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Biomedical subjects

H Tanabe

Publications and source records attributed to H Tanabe.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Alcohol consumption as a major risk factor in the development of early esophageal cancer in patients with head and neck cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To clarify the incidence of concomitant esophageal cancers in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC), and to investigate which risk factors are responsible for this association. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From 1994 to 2000, 134 patients with HNC underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy using the 0.8% Lugol stain method to detect esophageal cancer. A case-control study was designed to compare HNC patients with and without esophageal cancer. Logistic-regression analysis was used to obtain odds ratios of risk factors. RESULTS: Out of 134 patients with HNC, Lugol unstained area was detected in 42 patients. Biopsy specimens revealed squamous cell carcinoma in 17 (12.7%), dysplasia in 9 patients (6.6%), and normal in the others. Gastric carcinoma was also detected in 7 patients (5.2%). The estimated depth of cancer invasion was mucosa in 9 patients, submucosa in 5 patients, and proper muscle or deeper in 3 patients. In the results of statistical analysis, high alcohol consumption of more than 75 g per day increased the risk of esophageal cancer (odds ratio: 20.2, p<0.01). Intake of hard liquor showed a high odds ratio (whisky: 28.7, p<0.05, shochu: 12.7, p<0.05). The amount of cigarette smoking was not related to this association. CONCLUSION: High incidence of esophageal cancer was found in the patients with HNC. A high alcohol consumption level, and in particular hard liquor, participated in the development of esophageal cancer in the patients with HNC. But cigarette smoking was not related to this association.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Usefulness of new triple therapy containing PPI].

The guideline on the management of H. pylori was developed by the Japanese Society for Helicobacter Research in 2000, and new triple therapy with lansoprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin is recommended. At first, we determined the eradication ratio and the frequency of adverse effects, considering difference of genetic polymorphism in metabolizing enzyme of PPI, CYP2C19. No significant difference was shown among the groups of different metabolizing activity in the two points of view. Next, resistance to antibiotics of H. pylori were determined in the eradication-failure cases and compared before and after the therapy. The result did not showed that strains newly acquired the resistance during the therapy. We emphasis that the new triple therapy can be performed without considering the genetic difference or antibacterial resistance until now and that we should examine how eradication is completely performed.

2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗
PubMed2001

[Clinical significance of a new fibrinogen/fibrin degradation products(FDP) test using plasma samples for the diagnosis of fibrinogenolysis and fibrinolysis].

Recently, a new fibrinogen/fibrin degradation products(FDP) test using monoclonal antibodies against FDP(LPIA FDP-P: FDP-P) has been developed, which is able to measure FDP directly in plasma. The objective of this study is to clarify clinical significance of the test in the diagnosis of fibrinogenolysis and fibrinolysis in comparison with a conventional FDP test using polyclonal antibodies against fibrinogen(FDP-S) and D-dimer test using monoclonal antibodies against D-dimer(D-D). The monoclonal antibodies used in FDP-P test was shown to recognize fragment X, Y and D1 derived from fibrinogen digested by urokinase, and was also to recognize XDP fragments, D-dimer and D derived from cross-linked fibrin digested by tissue plasminogen activator using SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting analysis. There was a good correlation of FDP levels between FDP-P test and FDP-S test. However, levels of FDP in both tests were discrepant in several samples. There was a tendency that the levels of FDP were higher in FDP-S test than in FDP-P test. Such discrepancy was suggesting that soluble fibrin monomer complex(FM) was recognized by the antibodies used in FDP-S test, but not recognized by the antibodies used in FDP-P test. There was also a good correlation of FDP levels between FDP-P test and D-D test. However, the levels of FDP in both tests were discrepant in several samples. The levels of FDP were higher in FDP-P test than in D-D test. These discrepant samples had lower levels of antiplasmin and higher levels of plasmin antiplasmin complex(PIC), and also showed XDP fragments, D-dimer, X, Y, and D1 by using SDS-PAGE. These observations suggest that D-D test measures only fibrinolytic fragments, while FDP-P test measures fibrinogenolytic fragments as well as fibrinolysis. In results, the FDP-P test was confirmed to be a useful tool to examine fibrinogenolysis as well as fibrinolysis more specifically than the conventional FDP test.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed2001

[A case of Marchiafava-Bignami disease caused by anorexia nervosa].

A 29-year-old female without alcoholism whose height and weight were 152 cm and 28 kg had complained of severe anorexia since about 10 years ago. The splenium of the corpus callosum showed symmetrically low-intensity area in T1 WI and high-intensity area in T2 WI on her brain MRI. These findings could be reversible by the recovery of her nutritional condition. The findings of neurological and neuropsychological examinations were normal. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of Marchiafava-Bignami disease caused by Anorexia Nervosa.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[High pressure occlusion of leukocyte depletion arterial line filter in patients with cardio-pulmonary bypass surgery].

Cardio-pulmonary bypass (CPB) leads the activation of neutrophil, which may cause reperfusion organ dysfunction. Utility of using the leukocyte depletion arterial filter to pretend postoperative complications has been reported. The other side, the risk of the leukocyte depletion filter occlusion with high-pressures of CPB arterial line (high-pressure occlusion) has been noted. We used the leukocyte deletion filter (LG-6, Pall), and experienced two cases of high-pressure occlusion in 421 CPB surgery with LG-6 (0.48%). No high-pressure occlusion was occurred with 1,508 patients used the standard arterial line filter in it period (0%, p = 0.007). In the both cases of high-pressure occlusion, monitored arterial line pressure increased to over 340 mmHg within 10 minutes after CPB installation. The filters were changed to standard type, then no more filter trouble was occurred. In the second case, we inspected the occluded LG-6. Light microscopic survey showed eosin stained small spherical cells (HE) and negative for fibrin (PTAH). Electromicroscopy revealed that spherical cells (1-2 microns) adherated to structure of the filter. No fibrin was detected with Gel electrophoresis. Because of the pathologic analysis, the cells, which might cause the filter occlusion, were platelet. In addition, no fibrin exist suggests that the coagulation system did not relate to the high-pressure occlusion. In conclusion, we experienced two high-pressure occlusion cases of the leukocyte depletion arterial filter with CPB surgery (0.48%); the filter occlusion may be caused by the initial thrombus formation by platelet.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

[A case of corticobasal degeneration of which movemental disturbances were improved by administration of amantadine].

Corticobasal degeneration(CBD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterised clinically by apraxia, cortical sensory loss, alien limb, dementia, oculomotor abnormalities, dysarthria, postural instability, akinesia, rigidity, and pyramidal signs. Brain imaging may demonstrate greater abnormalities contralateral to the more affected side. We reported a case of corticobasal degeneration of which praxic impairments were improved by administration of amantadine. The patient was a 63-year-old right-handed woman. She showed marked dysfunction including rigidity, limb kinetic apraxia, cortical sensory loss, ideomotor apraxia, and dressing apraxia. A brain MRI scan revealed bilateral cortical atrophy centered in the postcentral gyrus, more pronounced in the left hemisphere than the right. A SPECT scan showed a decrease in blood flow in the temporo-parieto-occipital regions, more pronounced in the left hemisphere than the right. An EEG showed a diffuse slowness. L-dopa had no effect on the symptoms of rigidity, limb kinetic apraxia, cortical sensory loss, ideomotor apraxia, and dressing apraxia. By administration of amantadine, rigidity and cortical sensory loss did not improve, but some praxic impairments, such as dressing apraxia and ideomotor apraxia, and the EEG improved. Upon withdrawal of amantadine, the improved symptoms deteriorated. Amitriptyline did not improve the deteriorated symptoms. After amantadine was re-administered, the same praxic impairments and the EEG improved again. This suggested that administration of amantadine had some effect on certain praxic impairments and the EEG.

Amantadine↗
PubMed2001

[Japanese guidelines on research use of human materials and disease information].

Demand on the use of human materials and personal disease information for research and development comes on the stage of action. International competition in biomedical and pharmaceutical research pushed the government and related societies about to release guidelines on the issue to ensure the protection of direct and indirect research participants. To work on human materials and information now requires ethical and scientific review by the research ethical committee and the guidelines set the stage of reviewing process. We should aware of the overall view of situation around and of the guidelines before planning the experiments and analyses on human materials and personal information. In this review we summarized the related guidelines and put comments on them to help researchers to understand the situation.

Embryo, Mammalian↗
PubMed2000

Design of a new surgical approach for ventricular remodeling to relieve ischemic mitral regurgitation: insights from 3-dimensional echocardiography.

BACKGROUND: Mechanistic insights from 3D echocardiography (echo) can guide therapy. In particular, ischemic mitral regurgitation (MR) is difficult to repair, often persisting despite annular reduction. We hypothesized that (1) in a chronic infarct model of progressive MR, regurgitation parallels 3D changes in the geometry of mitral leaflet attachments, causing increased leaflet tethering and restricting closure; therefore, (2) MR can be reduced by restoring tethering geometry toward normal, using a new ventricular remodeling approach based on 3D echo findings. METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied 10 sheep by 3D echo just after circumflex marginal ligation and 8 weeks later. MR, at first absent, became moderate as the left ventricle (LV) dilated and the papillary muscles shifted posteriorly and mediolaterally, increasing the leaflet tethering distance from papillary muscle tips to the anterior mitral annulus (P<0.0001). To counteract these shifts, the LV was remodeled by plication of the infarct region to reduce myocardial bulging, without muscle excision or cardiopulmonary bypass. Immediately and up to 2 months after plication, MR was reduced to trace-to-mild as tethering distance was decreased (P<0.0001). LV ejection fraction, global LV end-systolic volume, and mitral annular area were relatively unchanged. By multiple regression, the only independent predictor of MR was tethering distance (r(2)=0.81). CONCLUSIONS: Ischemic MR in this model relates strongly to changes in 3D mitral leaflet attachment geometry. These insights from quantitative 3D echo allowed us to design an effective LV remodeling approach to reduce MR by relieving tethering.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2000

Negative regulation of the bolA1p of Escherichia coli K-12 by the transcription factor OmpR for osmolarity response genes.

To test whether OmpR is involved in regulation of the bolA1p, we investigated possible effects of ompR mutation on transcription from bolA1p. In vivo, bolA1p was found to be repressed by OmpR. Furthermore in vitro, the phospho-OmpR was found to bind to the OmpR binding region of bolA1p and repress the transcription by Esigma(S) or Esigma(D). These results suggest that the phosphorylated form of OmpR is a negative regulator for the transcription of the bolA1p promoter.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed2000

Interrater reliability of the short-memory questionnaire in a variety of health professional representatives.

A study was performed to assess interrater reliability of the Japanese version of the Short-Memory Questionnaire (SMQ), which is an easily-administered, informant-based scale of cognitive function. The subjects were 18 consecutive patients with Alzheimer's disease who were outpatients of Department of Neuropsychiatry in Ehime University School of Medicine and their principal caregivers. One neuropsychiatrist (NP) administered the SMQ, and all sessions were videotaped. Then one nurse (Ns), one clinical psychologist (CP), one occupational therapist (OT), and one neurologist (NL) from another institution viewed the videotape and performed reassessments independently. Interrater reliability between the NP and Ns, CP, OT, or NL were all extremely good. Interrater reliability between the Ns and CP, between the Ns and OT, between the Ns and NL, between the CP and OT, between the CP and NL, and between the OT and NL were also extremely good. The SMQ is a convenient, quantitative scale, and in this study it showed good interrater reliability between personnel from different fields. Therefore, it is a very useful test for everyday medical consultations and for clinical research.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Requirement of wild-type p53 protein for maintenance of chromosomal integrity.

Chromosomal double-strand breaks (DSBs) occurring in mammalian cells can initiate genomic instability, and their misrepairs result in chromosomal deletion, amplification, and translocation, common findings in human tumors. The tumor-suppressor protein p53 is involved in maintaining genomic stability. In this study, we demonstrate that the deficiency of wild-type p53 protein may allow unrepaired DSBs to initiate chromosomal instability. The human lymphoblastoid cell line TK6-E6 was established by transfection with human papilloma virus 16 (HPV16) E6 cDNA into parental TK6 cells via a retroviral vector. Abrogation of p53 function by E6 resulted in an increase in the spontaneous mutation frequencies at the heterozygous thymidine kinase (TK) locus but not at the hemizygous hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT) locus. Almost all TK-deficient mutants from TK6-E6 cells exhibited loss of heterozygosity (LOH) with the hemizygous TK allele. LOH analysis with microsatellite loci spanning the long arm of chromosome 17, which harbors the TK locus, showed that LOH extended over half of 17q toward the terminal end. Cytogenetic analysis of LOH mutants by chromosome painting indicated a mosaic of chromosomal aberrations involving chromosome 17, in which partial chromosome deletions, amplifications, and multiple translocations appeared heterogeneously in a single mutant. We speculate that spontaneous DSBs trigger the breakage-fusion bridge cycle leading to such multiple chromosome aberrations. In contrast, no chromosomal alterations were observed in TK-deficient mutants from TK6-20C cells expressing wild-type p53. In wild-type p53 cells, spontaneous DSBs appear to be promptly repaired through recombination between homologous chromosomes. These results support a model in which p53 protein contributes to the maintenance of genomic integrity through recombinational repair.

Actins↗
PubMed2000

Validity of the Short-Memory Questionnaire in vascular dementia.

PURPOSE: To determine whether the Short-Memory Questionnaire (SMQ) being administered by caregivers to patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) is also valid when given to patients with vascular dementia (VaD). METHODS: Subjects were 58 patients with VaD, 26 patients with cerebrovascular disorders free of cognitive deficit (CVD) and 62 healthy controls. All subjects received the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and their primary caregivers (or family members with same household) received the SMQ. RESULTS: In the VaD patients, the SMQ score was highly correlated with the MMSE score. When 39/40 was defined as a cutoff point based on the results of previous study, the SMQ properly classified 55 of the 58 VaD patients and 61 of the 62 controls, but only about half of the 26 CVD patients, as cases. CONCLUSION: The SMQ, a simple quantitative rating test for memory disturbance, is useful for the assessment and screening of VaD patients as well as AD patients, although careful attention should be paid to the assessment of CVD patients.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Clinical effects of ventricular assist system in end-stage cardiac failure. Advantages of left ventricular blood drainage for recovery from cardiac dysfunction.

OBJECTIVES: Heart transplantation is extremely limited currently in Japan. As a consequence ventricular assist system implantation is employed the patient falls into end-stage cardiogenic shock. This preliminary report describes our initial clinical experience with use of 2 kinds of ventricular assist system for 13 Japanese patients. METHODS: 7 patients were supported by a left ventricular assist system with blood drainage from the left atrium (LA drainage Group) using a Toyobo ventricular assist system, while another 6 patients were supported by a left ventricular assist system with blood drainage from the left ventricle (LV drainage Group) using the Toyobo ventricular assist system (1 patient) or TCI-LVAS (5 patients). RESULTS: The average duration of ventricular assist system support in the LV drainage Group was 112 days including two on-going patients (now at 39 days and 241 days) and in the LA drainage Group was 49 days. The average left ventricular ejection fraction at 3 weeks after ventricular assist system implantation was improved from 12.3 to 54% using the TCI-LVAS and from 14 to 33% using the Toyobo ventricular assist system with drainage from the left ventricle. However, this was decreased from 20 to 10% using the Toyobo ventricular assist system with drainage from the left atrium. The ventricular assist system was explanted in 4 patients (31%) with recovery of cardiac dysfunction and 3 were long survivors. The 2 on-going patients are awaiting heart transplantation. Thus the current survival rate overall is 38%. The survival rate (67%) is excellent in the LV drainage Group including 2 long survivors after explantation. CONCLUSION: Ventricular assist system support with drainage from the left ventricle seems to be more advantageous for cardiac functional recovery than from the left atrium for end-stage heart failure.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Development and clinical application of minimally invasive cardiac surgery using percutaneous cardiopulmonary support.

OBJECTIVES: Optimal cardiopulmonary support during minimally invasive cardiac surgery remains controversial. We developed cardiopulmonary bypass for minimally invasive cardiac surgery using percutaneous peripheral cannulation. METHODS: Subjects were 34 patients (age: 58 +/- 13 years; range: 17-73) undergoing minimally invasive cardiac surgery using percutaneous cardiopulmonary support between June 1997 and March 1999. Procedures included atrial septal defect closure (n = 14), partial atrioventricular septal defect closure (n = 1), mitral valve replacement (n = 8), mitral valve repair (n = 3), aortic valve replacement (n = 6), coronary artery bypass grafting (n = 1), and right atrial myxoma extirpation (n = 1). Bicaval venous drainage from the right internal jugular vein and the femoral vein and arterial return to the femoral artery were instituted by percutaneous cannulation. Venous drainage was implemented by negative pressure (-20 to -40 mmHg) and arterial return was by conventional roller pump. All procedures were conducted through a skin incision 8 +/- 1 cm, from 6 to 10 cm and partial sternotomy. Aortic cross clamping and cardioplegic solution were administered in the surgical field. RESULTS: The operation lasted 224 +/- 45 min., cardiopulmonary bypass 104 +/- 32 min., and aortic clamping 77 +/- 23 min.. No deaths occurred. One patient with residual atrial septal defect required reoperation through the same skin incision. Only 1 patient required homologous blood transfusion. The average postoperative hospital stay was 15 +/- 5 days. CONCLUSIONS: Minimally invasive cardiac surgery using percutaneous cardiopulmonary support is safe and an excellent option for selected patients affected by single valve lesion, simple cardiac anomalies, and coronary artery bypass grafting.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

The neural basis of perceptual and conceptual word priming--a PET study.

Positron emission tomography scans were obtained in 13 normal subjects during perceptual and conceptual word priming tasks with the aim to investigate the neural system specific to the two priming conditions. In the prescan phase, subjects were primed perceptually or conceptually with two separate procedures, while in the scan phase, they performed the same stem completion task. Therefore we could compare the results of the two priming tasks in a direct manner. A fixation control task and a baseline task (completion of stems that did not correspond to previously seen words) were also given. A specific blood flow decrease was found in the left inferior temporal cortex in the perceptual word priming condition and in the left superior temporal / inferior parietal cortex in the conceptual word priming condition. Each blood flow change may reflect transient changes in the cortical areas subserving the processing of the perceptual and conceptual components of word priming.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Human monochromosome hybrid cell panel characterized by FISH in the JCRB/HSRRB.

The human monochromosome hybrid cell panel in the Japanese Collection of Research Bioresources (JCRB) consists of 23 mouse cell clones, each containing a different human chromosome (the Y chromosome is not yet included). The panel is currently distributed by the Human Science Research Resources Bank (HSRRB) in Osaka. In order to determine the state of the human chromosomes and to supply the information to investigators, we characterized the cells by fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) with corresponding human chromosome-specific painting probes, and, in part, by reverse FISH with the hybrid total DNA hybridized onto human metaphase spreads. Here, we report the frequency of intact human chromosomes maintained in each hybrid and the retained subregions of corresponding human chromosomes with relative frequencies estimated by fluorescent intensity. We used specific painted patterns to classify each hybrid into tentative types with their frequencies showing the nature of each hybrid and the state of rearrangements. This characterization will provide valuable information to investigators using the panel.

Animals↗