[A case of granulosa cell tumor with unusual histologic features].
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Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
H Tamura
Publications and source records attributed to H Tamura.
[Surgical repair of Scimitar syndrome with azygos connection by extracardiac conduit between right pulmonary vein and left atrium].
We present a surgical case of 41-year-old woman with Scimitar syndrome. Preoperative catheterization showed azygos connection and L-R shunt ratio of 45% without intracardiac malformations. To our knowledge, this combination has not been previously reported. At operation the right single pulmonary vein was found and drained into the inferior vena cava below the diaphragm. Because of counter clockwise rotation of the heart the distance of the scimitar vein and the left atrium was too long for direct anastomosis, a polytetrafluoroethylene tube (10 mm in diameter) was utilized for an extracardiac conduit using cardiopulmonary bypass. Postoperative course was uneventful. We conclude that this technique is effective for this syndrome with a large amount of L-R shunt and a sufficient patency is expected.
Adult↗
[Significance of intraoperative measurement of secondary regurgitant tricuspid anulus].
We evaluated the dilated tricuspid anuli (10 cases) during operation by means of direct measurement of the lengths of each leaflet anulus and compared with control group whose anuli were normal (12 cases). The lengths of anterior leaflet anulus and posterior one were dilated significantly more than control group. In this study tricuspid regurgitation was mainly proved to be the dilated anterior leaflet anulus. But it was not identified whether the dilatation of posterior one was contributed to the tricuspid regurgitation with the correlation of cardiac output and right atrial pressure from the underlying data.
Dilatation, Pathologic↗
[Left ventricular-right atrial shunt due to infective endocarditis--report of a case].
Acquired left ventricular-right atrial shunt is a very rare cardiac disease. Infective endocarditis, cardiac operative procedures, and thoracic trauma were reported as origins. We report a case of a patient with left ventricular-right atrial shunt due to infective endocarditis. A 53-year-old male who had aortic regurgitation due to infective endocarditis developed suddenly severe congestive heart failure. Two-dimensional and pulsed doppler echocardiography demonstrated left ventricular-right atrial shunt. Emergency operation was done. The fistula was found through the atrioventricular membranous septum. The position from the left view was just below the commissure between the right coronary cusp and non coronary cusp and the opening position from the right view was just above the septal leaflet of tricuspid valve. Aortic valve replacement and direct closure of fistula were done and patient's recovery was uneventful. Case reports of left ventricular-right atrial shunt due to infective endocarditis have been rarely seen, most of which were followed by poor prognosis. Surgical intervention in acute phase is recommended.
Endocarditis, Bacterial↗
[A study on computed tomography of three cases of Reye syndromes].
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Brain↗
[Clinical experience of autotransfusion of shed mediastinal blood using a new chest drainage unit].
The autotransfusion system (ATS) of shed mediastinal blood is expected as one of the techniques for non-blood open heart surgery. The ATS which has been used previously for this purpose required such items as cardiotomy reservoir, vacuum bottle, infusion pump and was complicated to manipulate. This time we have used a new chest drainage unit, Sentinel Seal Autotransfusion System (Sherwood Medical Co.), and report our clinical experience. This unit consists of two component parts. One is a blood collection bag which is later used for reinfusion of shed blood. The other part is a regular chest drainage unit with the water seal which protects pleural cavity from atmosphere. We used this system for 24 cases of open heart surgery and studied about the hematological and biochemical changes after reinfusing the shed blood postoperatively. There were no complications and side effects related to the reinfusion. The unit we have used is simple to handle and is useful when returning shed blood. We believe that this unit is quite safe for clinical use and that it will become a new strong support for non-blood open heart surgery.
Blood Chemical Analysis↗
[Treatment and prognosis of pT2 endometrial carcinoma].
Between January, 1966 and December, 1988, 66 patients with surgical-pathological stage II adenocarcinoma of the endometrium who were treated with abdominal simple or radical hysterectomy at the Osaka National Hospital were studied retrospectively. The 5-year survival rate for all patients was 75.7%. In 33 patients adenocarcinoma had invaded the cervical stroma. These patients demonstrated a significantly lower survival (60.0%) than those patients whose involvement was limited to the endocervical gland (91.7%) (p less than 0.05). For all patients, both with endocervical glandular involvement and cervical stromal invasion, radical hysterectomy improved survival rates more than did simple hysterectomy, but the difference was not statistically significant. The factor found to have a significant influence on survival was the maximal depth of invasion of the myometrium (p less than 0.05). The histologic grade, on the other hand, did not appear to influence survival. It is suggested that patients with minimal involvement of the cervix can be satisfactorily treated with simple hysterectomy, while patients with gross cervical spread should be treated with radical hysterectomy.
Adenocarcinoma↗
[Clinical significance of specific IgG4 antibody in serum].
Specific IgG4 antibodies in sera were measured by ELISA in allergic patients who were diagnosed as susceptible to one or more allergens among mite, milk, soybean or egg white, and also in a non-allergic control group, and their diagnostic significance was investigated. The results obtained were as follows. 1. The level of specific IgG4 antibody was significantly higher in each allergic group than in the non-allergic group. 2. The positive rates in the specific IgG4 antibody determination were higher than those in RAST in the milk-, soybean- and egg white-allergic groups. 3. In each allergic group, the causative allergens were detected more accurately by measuring both specific IgG4 antibody and IgE antibody (RAST) than IgE alone. 4. The positive rates in the specific IgG4 antibody determination were higher than those in the skin test in each allergic group. 5. It was demonstrated that the combination of the skin test with specific IgG4 antibody measurement ensured a more accurate detection of causative allergens than the skin test alone. These results indicated that the measurement of the specific IgG4 antibody is a helpful method to detect the causative allergens in allergic patients.
Adolescent↗
Acidic phospholipids directly inhibit DNA binding of mammalian DNA topoisomerase I.
Inhibition of mammalian DNA topoisomerase I by phospholipids was investigated using purified enzyme. Acidic phospholipids inhibited the DNA relaxation activity of topoisomerase I whereas neutral phospholipid, phosphatidylethanolamine, did not. Accumulation of a protein-DNA cleavable complex, an intermediate which is known to accumulate upon inhibition by a specific inhibitor camptothecin, did not occur. The filter binding assay revealed that the DNA binding activity of the enzyme was inhibited by acidic phospholipids. Moreover, direct binding of phosphatidylglycerol to topoisomerase I was demonstrated. These results indicated that the inhibitory effect of acidic phospholipids on topoisomerase I was due to the loss of the DNA binding of the enzyme as a result of direct interaction between phospholipids and the enzyme.
Animals↗
Characteristics of the suppressive effect of nicardipine on peroxisome induction in rat liver.
In vivo administration of nicardipine, a known calcium antagonist, suppressed the clofibrate-evoked induction of activities of peroxisomal enzymes, such as catalase, the peroxisomal fatty acyl-CoA oxidizing system, carnitine acetyltransferase and mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase in rat liver. On a time-course study, the suppression of induction in the activities of the peroxisomal fatty acyl-CoA oxidizing system and carnitine acetyltransferase was found at 5 days after the treatment, whereas the induction by clofibrate was already observed at 1 day after the treatment, suggesting that in the process of peroxisome induction by clofibrate there might be two steps, i.e., a triggering step and an enhancing step, and nicardipine might act as suppressor for the later step. The precursor-incorporation studies with [3H]leucine showed that the rate of the synthesis of the peroxisomal bifunctional enzyme was increased by 4.2-fold after clofibrate-treatment, whereas nicardipine suppressed this enhancement to only 2.2-fold of the control. The rate of degradation of this enzyme was not affected by any treatment. These results show that nicardipine affects the regulation mechanism of the biosynthesis of this enzyme. Nicardipine showed hardly any suppressive-effect on the hepatic peroxisomal enzyme induction observed in high-fat diet fed rat. Furthermore, the suppression of clofibrate-evoked induction of peroxisomal enzymes was observed also in mice. These interesting findings suggest that there is a difference in the mechanism of peroxisome proliferation and/or the induction of peroxisomal enzymes between clofibrate and physiological conditions, such as high-fat diet feeding. The suppression of drug-induced peroxisome proliferation by calcium antagonists may help in dissecting the causal relationship between the multiple effects mediated by peroxisomal proliferators.
3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases↗
Release of glutamate and aspartate from the visual cortex of the cat following activation of afferent pathways.
To test the possibility that glutamate (Glu) and aspartate (Asp) are transmitters at geniculo-cortical synapses in the visual cortex of the cat, we studied the release of amino acids from the striate cortex consequent upon visual and electrical stimulation of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and of the optic tract, using push-pull cannulae. We perfused a discrete region that included layer IV of the cortex with an artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) and analysed the amino acid content of these perfusates by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Significant increases only of Glu and Asp were obtained among all 17 amino acids measured, except for gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), during electrical stimulation of the afferent pathways. Visual stimulation by stroboscopic diffuse flashes of light increased the level of Glu released, but did not change that of Asp significantly. The level of GABA released did not change during diffuse flash stimulation, suggesting that the increase in Glu was not derived from cortical neurons. The increases in release of Glu/Asp were not seen when the perfusion medium was replaced with a Ca2(+)-free, high-Mg2(+)-containing solution. The basal (resting) release of Glu/Asp in the absence of stimulation also was decreased during perfusion with Ca2(+)-free/high-Mg2+ solutions. Intraocular injections of a sodium channel blocker, tetrodotoxin (TTX), resulted in a remarkable decrease in the basal release of Glu. These results suggest that Glu is released as in excitatory synaptic transmitter at least from terminals of geniculo-cortical afferents and Asp from axons of a certain type of visual cortical neuron.
Animals↗
Nuclear binding of the estrogen receptor: a potential predictor for hormone response in metastatic breast cancer.
We have previously described an in vitro immunohistochemical test employing anti-receptor antibodies, for demonstrating the nuclear binding characteristics of estrogen receptors (ER) in breast carcinomas. Based on a retrospective analysis of twenty-five patients with estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer who were treated with hormone therapy and whose clinical responses were evaluable, we were able to demonstrate that this test may be valuable to predict which, among the ER+ tumors (whether or not they are progesterone receptor positive, PR+), are likely to respond to hormone therapy and which may fail. While tumors in which ER exhibited abnormalities in nuclear binding behavior (ligand-independent nuclear binding or no nuclear binding) failed hormone therapy (16 out of 19 patients), those in which nuclear binding of ER appeared normal (ligand-dependent) in the in vitro test, responded to hormone therapy (5/6 patients). While our previous report dealt with the procedural details, specificity of the reagents, and the design of the study, this report addresses the clinical aspects of this study and response correlation.
Biomarkers, Tumor↗
Long-term effects of peroxisome proliferators on the balance between hydrogen peroxide-generating and scavenging capacities in the liver of Fischer-344 rats.
In order to clarify whether peroxisomal hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) plays an important role in peroxisome proliferator-induced hepatocarcinogenesis, we examined the change in metabolism of peroxisomal H2O2 in vivo and in vitro using male Fischer-344 rats fed clofibrate, bezafibrate and di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) for up to 78 weeks. Hepatic peroxisomal fatty acyl-CoA oxidase activity increased 12-20-fold after 2 or 4 weeks treatment; later this level gradually decreased toward controls, and at 78 weeks activity was 3-10-times of control. Although hepatic H2O2 levels were increased slightly by clofibrate, bezafibrate and DEHP, the changes did not correlate with the changes in peroxisomal fatty acyl-CoA oxidase activity. In isolated hepatocytes, the rate of leakage of peroxisomal H2O2 from peroxisomes into the cytosol and the hepatocellular H2O2 content was measured. The rate of leakage of peroxisomal H2O2 into cytosol increased 2.5-4-fold when peroxisomal beta-oxidation activity was induced by peroxisome proliferators, and the increases in this rate corresponded with changes in the peroxisomal beta-oxidation activity. In contrast, the hepatocellular H2O2 contents were not affected by induced peroxisomal beta-oxidation. These data show that H2O2 leaking from peroxisome into cytosol would be quickly decomposed, and thus peroxisomal H2O2 does not appear to play an important role in hepatocarcinogenesis by such an oxidative stress mechanism after the long-term treatment with peroxisome proliferators.
Acyl-CoA Oxidase↗
Long-term effects of hypolipidemic peroxisome proliferator administration on hepatic hydrogen peroxide metabolism in rats.
The effects of prolonged dietary administration of peroxisome proliferators, such as clofibrate, bezafibrate and di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP), on hepatic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) level and on hepatic activities of the enzymes relating to H2O2 metabolism were examined. Male rats were treated for 79 weeks with the above three peroxisome proliferators. The activities of the peroxisomal beta-oxidation and catalase were increased 8- to 20-fold and 2- to 3-fold, respectively, after 2 or 4 weeks of treatment with these peroxisome proliferators. However at 79 weeks the peroxisomal beta-oxidation activity was 3-8 times that of control. The level of catalase activity was kept at approximately 2-fold even after prolonged treatment of peroxisome proliferators. Although the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were decreased 50-60% at 4-12 weeks by the treatment with peroxisome proliferators, from 20 to 79 weeks those activities approached control levels in the case of clofibrate and bezafibrate but not DEHP-fed rats; GSH-Px and GST activities were kept at approximately 40% those of control. However hepatic capacities of H2O2-degrading enzymes, catalase and GSH-Px, apparently exceeded the H2O2-generating levels obtained on the basis of peroxisomal beta-oxidation activities in the livers of control and treated rats throughout the experimental period. The hepatic H2O2 levels increased only slightly but this increase did not correspond to changes in peroxisomal beta-oxidation. Our results suggest that a large part of H2O2 produced by peroxisomal beta-oxidation could be rapidly scavenged by catalase and GSH-Px in the liver of rats treated with peroxisome proliferators.
Animals↗
Individualization of the cutoff value for serum squamous-cell carcinoma antigen using a sensitive enzyme immunoassay.
A sensitive enzyme immunoassay (IMx) for the squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC) antigen was used to evaluate low concentrations of this marker in the blood circulation. The assay can detect 0.05 ng/ml of serum SCC antigen, with intra- and interassay variabilities of 4.8 and 8.9%, respectively. Daily changes in serum SCC antigen were determined in healthy volunteers and in patients with cervical squamous-cell carcinoma after complete resection of the primary tumor, which revealed that, although the absolute values were variable from one case to another, the daily changes were relatively constant in each case, with a mean daily variation of 24.1 +/- 3.7% (mean +/- SE). The determination of the cutoff value for each individual patient may be effective for the early detection of an abnormal rise of circulating tumor marker, and will be useful in detecting small tumor foci during follow-up after treatment.
Antigens, Neoplasm↗
In vivo growth inhibition of transplantable Marek's disease lymphomas by monoclonal antibodies against surface antigens on Marek's disease lymphoblastoid cell line.
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Animals↗
Hematological changes in the mice transplanted with methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma.
Hematological values of the peripheral blood in the mice transplanted with methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma were examined. Values for red blood cells and platelets reduced after tumor transplantation. Values for white blood cells increased with the percentage of neutrophils being increased significantly. Phagocytic activity of neutrophils from the tumor-bearing mice was not reduced. The cultured fluid of the tumor used in the experiments possessed strong colony stimulating activity to bone marrow cells.
Animals↗
Alterations in gap junctions of human endometrial epithelial cells during normal menstrual cycle--freeze-fracture electron microscopic study.
Gap junctions between human endometrial epithelial cells were studied at various phases of the normal menstrual cycle by freeze-fracture electron microscopy. The junctions changed in number and size according to the phases of the menstrual cycle. Only small and few gap junctions were found in the early proliferative phase. In the early secretory phase the junctions were larger and found more often in the earlier phase. In the late secretory phase the junctions were much smaller than in the early secretory phase. The cyclical changes of the junctions may have a role in controlling the proliferation and differentiation of the endometrial epithelium.
Endometrium↗