Biomedical subjects

H Takeuchi

Publications and source records attributed to H Takeuchi.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1995

Osteogenesis in muscle with composite graft of hydroxyapatite and autogenous calvarial periosteum: a preliminary report.

To investigate the bone forming activity of composite grafts of hydroxyapatite (HA) and autogenous calvarial periosteum, porous HA rods with or without the periosteum were implanted into the back muscle of white rabbits. They were harvested 3 and 6 months after implantation and studied histologically and microradiographically. Bone formation in the pores of HA occurred in three out of four composite implants of the 3 month group, and four out of five implants of the 6 month group. The two specimens without bone formation revealed irregular calcified tissue outside the HA implant. No formation of bone and calcified tissue took place in any of the specimens with HA alone. These results indicate the potential of this new experimental system of ectopic osteogenesis and offer the possibility of a new improved bone graft consisting of HA and autogenous periosteum.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

Suppressing effects of neuroactive peptides on the inward current caused by achatin-I, an Achatina endogenous peptide.

1. Modulatory effects of the four molluscan neuroactive peptides. FMRFamide (Phe-Met-Arg-Phe-NH2), APGW-amide (Ala-Pro-Gly-Trp-NH2), oxytocin and [SER2]-Mytilus inhibitory peptide ([SER2]-MIP) (Gly-Ser-Pro-Met-Phe-Val-NH2) were examined on the inward current (Iin) caused by achatin-I (Gly-D-Phe-Ala-Asp), which has been isolated from the Achatina ganglia. 2. Two Achatina giant neurone types, v-RCDN (ventral-right cerebral distinct neurone) and PON (periodically oscillating neurone), were used. Achatin-I was applied locally to the neurone tested by brief pneumatic pressure ejection, and the other molluscan neuroactive peptides were perfused around the ganglia. 3. FMRFamide, perfused at 3 microM, suppressed markedly the Iin elicited by the achatin-I of both v-RCDN and PON. APGW-amide at 3 microM also suppressed the Iin of v-RCDN, but did not affect that of PON. Oxytocin at 1 microM suppressed the Iin of PON, but did not affect that of v-RCDN. [Ser2]-MIP at 3 microM did not affect the Iin of v-RCDN. 4. The dose-response curves of FMRFamide, APGW-amide and oxytocin, indicated that their respective suppressive effects on the Iin of achatin-I were dose-dependent, and that APGW-amide was slightly more potent than the other peptides. The dose (pressure duration)-response curves of achatin-I (1 kg/cm2, 10(-3) M, 5 min interval), obtained by varying the duration of the achatin-I pressure ejection, were measured in the presence and absence of each of the three peptides.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1995

Further mapping of the Achatina giant neurone types sensitive to the neuroactive peptides isolated from invertebrates.

1. The effects of the 10 synthetic neuroactive peptides originally isolated from invertebrates, applied locally to the neurone tested by the brief pneumatic pressure ejection on the identifiable neurone types of Achatina fulica Ferussac were examined. 2. Achatin-1 (Gly-D-Phe-Ala-Asp), an Achatina endogenous tetrapeptide having a D-phenylalanine residue, ejected locally, showed the depolarizing effects on nearly half of the number of neurone types tested. 3. ACEP-1 (Ser-Gly-Gln-Ser-Trp-Arg-Pro-Gln-Gly-Arg-Phe-NH2), isolated originally from Achatina atria, and pedal peptide (Pro-Leu-Asp-Ser-Val-Tyr-Gly-Thr-His-Gly-Met-Ser-Gly-Phe-Ala) and buccalin (Gly-Met-Asp-Ser-Leu-Ala-Phe-Ser-Gly-Gly-Leu-NH2), found in Aplysia neurones, showed excitatory effects on some Achatina neurone types. 4. Myomodulin (Pro-Met-Ser-Met-Leu-Arg-Leu-NH2), found in Aplysia neurones, produced a hyperpolarization on nearly half of the number of Achatina neurone types tested. The two FMRFamide-like peptides, <EDPFLRFamide (<Glu-Asp-Pro-Phe-Leu-Arg-Phe-NH2), isolated from Helix heart, and AF1 (Lys-Asn-Glu-Phe-Ile-Arg-Phe-NH2), from Ascaris head, also showed hyperpolarizing effects on more than half of the number of Achatina neurone types. 5. SALMFamide 1 (Gly-Phe-Asn-Ser-Ala-Leu-Met-Phe-NH2), isolated from Asterias nervous system, CCAP (Pro-Phe-Cys-Asn-Ala-Phe-Thr-Gly-Cys-NH2), from Carcinus pericardial organ, and corazonin (<Glu-Thr-Phe-Gln-Tyr-Ser-Arg-Gly-Trp-Thr-Asn-NH2), from Periplaneta cardiac corpus, had no effect on Achatina neurones.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1995

Effectiveness of extended lymphadenectomy in noncurative gastrectomy.

PURPOSE: We examined the efficacy of extended lymph node dissection for prolonging survival in macroscopically or histologically proven incurable gastric cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We analyzed clinico-pathologic data on 119 patients with serosally invasive gastric cancer who underwent noncurative gastrectomy, with respect to the relation between the extent of lymphadenectomy and survival benefit. RESULTS: The 5-year survival rate was significantly higher among patients treated with extensive lymphadenectomy (R2/3) compared to simple gastrectomy (R1). Extensive lymphadenectomy significantly prolonged survival time even after noncurative gastrectomy in cases where there was no evidence of hepatic metastasis, peritoneal seeding, or extensive nodal metastasis beyond the tertiary lymph node, and regardless of the extent of direct invasion to adjacent organs. CONCLUSIONS: Gastrectomy combined with extended lymphadenectomy and/or resection of adjacent organs is recommended for gastric cancer patients without distant metastasis, even when the operation is histologically noncurative. Gastrectomy and perioperative intensive chemotherapy are called for when patients have distant metastasis.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1995

Effect of lymph node dissection on the prognosis in patients with node-negative early gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND: Our objective was to evaluate the long-term benefit of R2/3 lymph node dissection compared with that of R1, even in node-negative cases. METHODS: We analyzed clinicopathologic data on 373 surgically treated patients with early gastric cancer and without microscopic nodal involvement. RESULTS: Five- and 10-year survival rates for patients treated with R2/3 gastrectomy were 97.3% and 95.4%, respectively. These values were significantly higher than the 90.1% and 81.1% noted for R1 gastrectomy (p < 0.01). Although no difference was found in morbidity and mortality, the incidence of death from a recurrence of the gastric cancer was significantly higher in patients treated with R1 gastrectomy than those with R2/3. Multivariate analysis with the Cox's proportional hazard model revealed patients' age and R2/3 gastrectomy to be independent prognostic factors in patients with node-negative early gastric cancer. CONCLUSIONS: These data show that prophylactic lymph node dissection can potentially prolong the survival time of patients with node-negative early gastric cancer by preventing a recurrence of the gastric cancer.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1995

Improved static compression behaviors and tablettabilities of spherically agglomerated crystals produced by the spherical crystallization technique with a two-solvent system.

PURPOSE: Poorly compressible crystals of acebutolol hydrochloride were agglomerated by the spherical crystallization technique with a two-solvent system to improve the compressibility for direct tabletting. The mechanism of improvements in static compression behaviors and tablettabilities of the spherically agglomerated crystals were investigated. METHODS: The improvement of static compression behaviors of the agglomerated crystals was determined by measuring the stress relaxations and elastic recoveries of compressed powder of original and agglomerated crystals. The improved tablettability of agglomerated crystals was evaluated by the pressure transmission ratio upon compression, the ejection pressure for releasing the tablet from the die and the tablet strength, i.e., tensile strength required for breaking. RESULTS: The higher relaxation pressure and the lower elastic recovery of the agglomerated crystals than of the original crystals were found. The pressure transmission ratio data showed that the friction pressures of the two crystals were similar during the compression period. The ejection pressure of the agglomerated crystals was lower than that of the original crystals. The tensile strength of the tablet of agglomerated crystals was greater than that of the original crystals. CONCLUSIONS: The compressibility and tablettability of the spherically agglomerated crystals prepared by the spherical crystallization technique were much improved due to their increased plastic property and reduced adhesive property compared to the original crystals.

Acebutolol↗

PubMed1995

Diet-induced thermogenesis is lower in rats fed a lard diet than in those fed a high oleic acid safflower oil diet, a safflower oil diet or a linseed oil diet.

The objectives of the present study were to examine the effects of dietary fats differing in fatty acid composition on diet-induced thermogenesis, sympathetic activity in brown adipose tissue and body fat accumulation in rats. Rats were meal-fed for 12 wk an isoenergetic diet based on lard, high oleic acid safflower oil, safflower oil or linseed oil, and norepinephrine turnover rates in brown adipose tissue were then estimated. Whole-body oxygen consumption after the meal indicated that diet-induced thermogenesis was significantly lower in rats fed the lard diet than in those fed the other diets. The norepinephrine turnover rate in the interscapular brown adipose tissue was also significantly lower in the lard diet group than in the other diet groups. The carcass fat content was significantly higher in the lard diet group than in the other diet groups, whereas the abdominal adipose tissue weights were the same in all diet groups. These results suggest that the intake of animal fats rich in saturated fatty acids, compared with the intake of vegetable oils rich in monounsaturated or polyunsaturated fatty acids, decreases diet-induced thermogenesis by a decline of sympathetic activity in brown adipose tissue, resulting in the promotion of body fat accumulation.

Adipose Tissue, Brown↗

PubMed1995

Serum triiodothyronine concentration and Na+,K(+)-ATPase activity in liver and skeletal muscle are influenced by dietary fat type in rats.

It has been shown previously that dietary fat type influences body fat accumulation in rats. The effects of dietary fat type on serum thyroid hormone, activity of Na+,K(+)-ATPase and lipoprotein lipase were studied. Rats were fed an experimental diet containing lard, high oleic safflower oil, safflower oil or linseed oil for 12 wk. Carcass fat content was significantly higher in rats fed the lard diet than in those fed the other diets. However, intra-abdominal adipose tissue weights were not affected by type of dietary fat. The serum triiodothyronine concentration and the activity of Na+,K(+)-ATPase in the liver and skeletal muscle were significantly lower in the lard diet group than in the other diet groups. The lipoprotein lipase activity of abdominal subcutaneous fat was significantly higher in rats fed the lard diet than in rats fed the other diets, but the activity of lipoprotein lipase in intra-abdominal fat was not significantly different. These results suggest that the intake of lard, compared with the intake of the vegetable oils, may decrease Na+,K(+)-ATPase activity in the liver and skeletal muscle by lowering serum triiodothyronine concentration, resulting in the promotion of body fat accumulation.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMed1995

Nitric oxide synthase inhibition is detrimental to cardiac function and promotes bronchospasm in anaphylaxis in rabbits.

We studied the effects of a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, N omega-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME), on cardiac depression and bronchospasm provoked by systemic anaphylaxis in vivo in rabbits. Animals pretreated with L-NAME showed lower survival rates than control animals pretreated with normal saline. The survival rate in L-NAME-pretreated animals was increased by the administration of L-arginine after initiation of anaphylaxis. Cardiac output fell significantly in animals pretreated with L-NAME compared with controls, although venous return was increased. In animals pretreated with L-NAME, pulmonary resistance was significantly increased, and administration of arginine attenuated the bronchospasm. In conclusion, these results, along with the low survival rates in the L-NAME-treated animals, suggest that NO production may be beneficial to cardiac depression and bronchospasm in anaphylaxis in vivo.

Analysis of Variance↗

PubMed1995

Evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function in IgE-mediated anaphylaxis in dogs.

Depressed left ventricular (LV) systolic function remains controversial in patients with anaphylaxis and anaphylactic animal models. However, LV diastolic function has not yet been investigated in either patients or animal models. Therefore, we assessed LV diastolic and systolic function in IgE-mediated anaphylaxis in dogs. Seven dogs sensitized to Ascaris suum antigen were studied. An aqueous extract of Ascaris suum antigen was administered over 30 s into the systemic circulation to induce anaphylaxis. To assess LV function, the time constant of the fall of isovolumic LV pressure (T), as an index of LV diastolic function, and the maximum rate of rise of LV pressure (dP/dtmax), as an index of LV systolic function, were measured for a period of 120 min after antigen challenge. T was prolonged during the period of 5 to 15 min; however, changes in T were not significantly different from prechallenge values. LV d}/dtmax significantly decreased to 0.49 +/- 0.12 times the prechallenge value 5 min after antigen challenge, and significantly increased during the period from 30 to 120 min. However, these changes in dP/dtmax almost paralleled the changes in LV end-diastolic pressure, indicating that left ventricular systolic function was relatively well preserved. In conclusion, LV diastolic function, i.e., isovolumic relaxation, is little impaired in anaphylaxis, and LV systolic function is relatively well preserved during the early stage following the onset of anaphylaxis.

Anaphylaxis↗

PubMed1995

A case of metastatic yolk sac tumor of testis in a child.

We report a case of testicular yolk sac tumor in a child aged 3 years and 6 months with multiple bulky metastases to lung and retroperitoneum (stage IIIB2). After three courses of chemotherapy with a PVB regimen (cisplatin, vinblastine and bleomycin), complete and partial responses were obtained for lung and retroperitoneal lymph node metastases, respectively. The patient was followed-up closely. However, on the basis of a re-elevated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) after 4 months' follow-up, he was treated with three courses of salvage chemotherapy with a modified VAB-6 regimen (cyclophosphamide, etoposide, actinomycin D, bleomycin and cisplatin), followed by retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. Histologically, only necrotic tissue was found. There is no evidence of recurrence 24 months after lymphadenectomy. There is very little information in the literature on the appropriate management of postchemotherapy residual mass in pediatric testicular tumors.

Child, Preschool↗

PubMed1995

Increasing the thermal dose in transurethral microwave thermotherapy produces no improvement in therapeutic efficacy.

BACKGROUND: Transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT) is a minimally invasive treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). It has been reported that increased thermal dose and higher intraprostatic temperatures resulted in improved clinical response. Recently we treated BPH patients with the prostatron device using a new version of software (Prostasoft 2.5), which was intended to increase thermal delivery by allowing maximum power up to 70W. The safety and clinical results were compared between the patients treated with Prostasoft 2.5 and those treated with the currently available software (Prostasoft 2; maximum power up to 50W). METHODS: A total of 105 patients were treated successively with two treatment protocols. Sixty-three patients were treated with Prostasoft 2 between September 1992 and July 1993, while 42 were treated with Prostasoft 2.5 between August 1993 and April 1994. Therefore, this investigation was a retrospective nonrandomized study. There was no significant difference in the baseline patient characteristics between the two groups. RESULTS: Total thermal dose delivered to the prostate was significantly higher in the Prostasoft 2.5 group than that in the Prostasoft 2 group (137 kJ versus 116 kJ, P < 0.05). No serious complications were encountered in either group. Six months after TUMT, in both the Prostasoft 2.5 and Prostasoft 2 groups there was an improvement in patient condition as measured by the mean I-PSS, QOL, and peak flow rate values, as well as the overall therapeutic efficacy. The two groups differed in the amount of posttreatment improvement from between 8% and 22%, but this difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that higher thermal dose attained by Prostasoft 2.5 does not necessarily result in more pronounced clinical improvement, although clinical response to TUMT has often been reported to be dependent upon thermal dose.

Aged↗

PubMed1995

Transurethral microwave thermotherapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia: clinical results after a 1-year follow-up.

Since September 1992, 63 patients with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) have been treated with transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT) using the Prostatron device. The International Prostate Symptom Score (I-PSS) and quality of life (QOL) score were used to evaluate subjective symptoms. The mean I-PSS (total, irritative and obstructive scores) and QOL scores had decreased by 40, 38, 45 and 40%, respectively, at 12 months (p < 0.0001). While the mean peak flow rate had increased by 72% (p < 0.001). The clinical efficacy at 12 months was 42%, using a modification of the response criteria proposed at the 2nd International Consultation on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. There were no significant differences in the baseline and treatment parameters between those who responded favorably to TUMT and those who did not. The total thermal dose delivered to the prostate did not predict clinical response. However, there was a positive correlation between I-PSS or QOL at baseline and % reduction at 3, 6 and 12 months, and a negative correlation between peak flow rate at baseline and % increase at 3 and 6 months. There were no major complications associated with TUMT during the follow-up period. In summary, our 1-year clinical results are compatible with previous reports, suggesting that TUMT is a safe, effective and lasting non-surgical treatment for BPH. However, evaluation of efficacy should be based on uniform criteria to facilitate comparisons of different clinical trials. The most suitable patient profiles for TUMT could not be identified by retrospective analysis.

Aged↗

PubMed1995

Detection and identification of amines in bacterial vaginosis.

For the purpose of determining an objective indicator of bacterial vaginosis (BV), we tried to detect and to identify amines in the vaginal fluid of patients by using the dansyl method (to detect amine in a solution of water). Bacteria isolated from these patients were also analyzed. 1) In BV (n: 32) 7 kinds of amines were detected; and the positive rate of detection of the dansyl method was 90.6%. No specific bacteria was found in BV. 2) The positive rate was 80.0% for the patients with trichomonas vaginitis (n: 5). 3) The positive rate of detection was 20.0% in the candida group (n: 5), and 28.6% in the control group (n: 14). Those amines detected in other than BV-related vaginitis are presumed not to vaporize. For purposes of diagnosis, it would be better to detect vaporized amines instead of detecting amines dissolved in vaginal fluid.

Amines↗

PubMed1995

A case of true hermaphroditism with androgen insensitivity.

A phenotypically normal woman with a 46, XY karyotype was found to have a testis, an ovotestis, bilateral rudimentary uteri, and bilateral fallopian tubes. The endocrinological and pathological aspects of these findings are discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Myocardial infarction secondary to coronary aneurysm in systemic lupus erythematosus. An autopsy case.

The authors report a thirty-seven-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a coronary aneurysm, and myocardial infarction. SLE was diagnosed at twenty-three years of age and treated with prednisolone. Seven years later, she developed inferior myocardial infarction, and coronary angiography showed an aneurysm in the proximal right coronary artery without associated stenosis. At the age of thirty-seven years, she died from cerebral infarction and sepsis. Autopsy revealed an aneurysm (6 mm in diameter) in the proximal right coronary artery and an old inferior myocardial infarction. Histologic examination showed recanalization and fibrosis in the media of the aneurysm wall. This case suggests that coronary aneurysm may cause myocardial infarction in SLE and that aneurysm formation may be a sequela of arteritis.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Gene amplification as a cause of inherited thyroxine-binding globulin excess in two Japanese families.

T4-binding globulin (TBG) is the major thyroid hormone transport protein in man. Inherited abnormalities in the level of serum TBG have been classified as partial deficiency, complete deficiency, and excess. Sequencing analysis of the TBG gene, located on Xq21-22, has uncovered the molecular defects causing partial and complete deficiency. However, the mechanism leading to inherited TBG excess remains unknown. In this study, two Japanese families, F-A and F-T, with inherited TBG excess were analyzed. Serum TBG levels in hemizygous males were 58 and 44 micrograms/mL, 3- and 2-fold the normal value, respectively. The molecule had normal properties in terms of heat stability and isoelectric focussing pattern. The sequence of the coding region and the promoter activity of the TBG gene were also indistinguishable between hemizygotes and normal subjects. The gene dosage of TBG relative to that of beta-globin, which is located on chromosome 11, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy, which is located on Xp, was evaluated by coamplification of these target genes using polymerase chain reaction and subsequent quantitation by HPLC. The TBG/beta-globin ratios of the affected male and female of F-A were 3.13 and 4.13 times, respectively, that in the normal males. The TBG/Duchenne muscular dystrophy ratios were 2.92 and 2.09 times the normal value, respectively. These results are compatible with three copies of TBG gene on the affected X-chromosome. Similarly, a 2-fold increase in gene dosage was demonstrated in the affected hemizygote of F-T. A 3-fold tandem amplification of the TBG gene was shown by in situ hybridization of prometaphase and interphase chromosomes from the affected male with a biotinylated genomic TBG probe, confirming the gene dosage results. Gene amplification of TBG is the cause of inherited TBG excess in these two families.

Base Sequence↗

PubMed1995

[Aerosolization of lactide/glycolide copolymer (PLGA) nanospheres for pulmonary delivery of peptide-drugs].

Lactide/glycolide copolymer (PLGA) nanospheres with nafarelin acetate (NA) used as a model peptide-drug have been developed by the emulsion-phase separation method in an oil phase as reported previously. In the present study, the aerosolization of nanospheres in dry and wet dispersion methods was investigated in vitro to evaluate their applications to pulmonary delivery of peptide-drug. The size distribution of aerosolized nanosphere dispersions and pulmonary deposition behaviors of inhaled particles were investigated using a lazer diffraction light-scattering particle sizer and an artificial model lung (Cascade Impactor: CI), respectively. It was found that the freeze-drying of nanospheres with a hydrophilic surface active agent effectively improved the inhalation behavior. Further, the mixing of nanospheres with lactose led to the reduction of their adhesion to an inhalation device (Spinhaler). It was supposed that the mists of nanosphere-suspension generated from a jet nebulizer might be inhaled into the lower bronchus and alveolus, because their respirable fraction (RF) value, i.e., the deposition percentage on stage 2 to 6 of CI, defined as a pulmonary inhalation index, reached a maximum of over 50%.

Administration, Inhalation↗