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H Takeshita

Publications and source records attributed to H Takeshita.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

A new individualization marker of semen: deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) polymorphism.

We describe a method for obtaining specific and reproducible deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) typing from liquid semen. Isoelectric focusing of the enzymes on polyacrylamide gel (IEF-PAGE, pH 3.5-5) was accomplished using a 0.5-mm thick gel. The separated isozymes were visualized by a new activity staining method, dried agarose film-overlay (DAFO). Pretreatment of semen samples with neuraminidase markedly enhanced the isozyme-band resolution and sensitivity. The method was simple and reliable, with high resolution and sensitivity. The DNase I types in semen samples were correlated with the types found in corresponding blood and urine samples. DNase I typing could therefore provide an additional discriminant characteristic in the forensic examination of semen.

Deoxyribonuclease I↗
PubMed1992

The zymogram method for detection of ribonucleases after isoelectric focusing: analysis of multiple forms of human, bovine, and microbial enzymes.

A zymogram method for detection of in situ ribonuclease (RNase) activity, combined with isoelectric focusing in a thin layer of polyacrylamide gel (IEF-PAGE), has been developed. After incubation with a dried agarose film containing substrate RNA, ethidium bromide, and an appropriate reaction buffer, which was placed tightly on the top of the focused gel, sharp and distinct dark bands corresponding to RNase isoenzymes on a fluorescent background appeared under uv light. Addition of urea to the IEF-PAGE gel at a final concentration of 4.8 M permitted optimal focusing of the RNases. This method had not only a high sensitivity of less than 0.1 ng purified RNase A, but also a high band resolution compared with the immunostaining method. It was also useful for analysis of purified enzymes, including bovine pancreatic RNases and two types of human urine RNase as mammalian enzymes, and RNases T1 and T2 as microbial enzymes, as well as for detection of RNases present in crude tissue extracts, resulting in more detailed elucidation of the multiplicity of these enzymes.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1992

Epstein-Barr virus BZLF1 transactivator is a negative regulator of Jun.

The Epstein-Barr virus BZLF1 protein that can induce the lytic cycle in latently infected cells is a transcription factor partially homologous to Fos and binds not only the canonical TPA (tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate)-responsive element (TRE) site but also sequences deviating from the TRE consensus sequence. Thus, expression of cellular genes regulated by AP-1, including the autoregulated AP-1 family, should be affected by BZLF1. However, induction of only Fos by BZLF1 was observed in a gel mobility shift assay using an oligonucleotide probe containing the TRE sequence and the antibody against Fos protein. The c-jun promoter, which contains a binding site for Jun and BZLF1, was stimulated by Jun but not by BZLF1. Furthermore, BZLF1 inhibited stimulation of the c-jun promoter by Jun. Jun together with Fos effectively activated the collagenase promoter that contains a single TRE site. However, not only was BZLF1 unable to stimulate the collagenase promoter, but it also inhibited activation by Jun and Fos. On the other hand, BZLF1 stimulated constructs containing multimeric binding sites. These results and those of previous studies of Epstein-Barr virus promoters regulated by BZLF1 indicate that BZLF1 requires adjacent multiple DNA-binding sites for cooperative interaction to function as a transactivator and to repress the activation by Jun of promoters containing a single TRE site. This suggests that BZLF1 evolved to confer distinct regulatory patterns upon viral target genes and cellular AP-1-responsive genes.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1992

[Nicergoline, an ergot alkaloid, improves ischemic brain damage by ameliorating the decreased cerebral blood flow and metabolism in spontaneously hypertensive rats].

Effects of ergot alkaloids, nicergoline (NIC), on survival rate, brain water content, local cerebral blood flow (LCBF: 14C-iodoantipyrine) and glucose utilization (LCGU: 14C-2-deoxyglucose) were examined after bilateral carotid artery occlusion (BCAO) in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Two series of study were performed; the permanent BCAO and 3-hr-BCAO study. After permanent BCAO, the survival rate at 24 hrs of 32% (8 mg/kg, i.p.) or 38% (16mg/kg) in NIC group was higher than that in non-treated group (12%). At the end of 3-hr-BCAO, the increase in water content (dry-wet) in di-mesencephalon was less in NIC (100 micrograms/kg/min, i.v.) group than that in non-treated group. The decrease in LCBF in caudate-putamen (CP), parietal cortex (PC), thalamus (TH), hypothalamus (HT), and substantia nigra (SN) were less in NIC group than those in non-treated group. At the 2-hr-reperfusion after 3-hr-BCAO, the decrease in LCBF in TH and HT were less in NIC group than those in non-treated group. The LCGU in sensory motor cortex, CP, PC, HT, inferior colliculus and pons-reticular were higher in NIC group than those in non-treated group. From these results, it is concluded that nicergoline may have ameliorative effects on survival rate related to the prevention of decreased cerebral blood flow and metabolism following brain ischemia.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Hepatic lymphangiomatosis: report of two cases, with an immunohistochemical study.

Two cases of hepatic lymphangiomatosis were examined. One tumor was noted incidentally at autopsy, and the other tumor was removed by operation. These liver tumors could not be detected by the naked eye, but ill-defined lace-like areas were seen. Microscopically, small cystic spaces were irregularly aggregated in the hepatic parenchyma and, in part, in the portal tracts. Faintly stained lymph-like material without any erythrocytes was found in the spaces. The silver impregnation method confirmed that most of the cystic lumina were dilated Disse's spaces. Also, some of them were directly connected with lymph vessels in the portal tracts. Thin lining cells along the internal surface of these cystic channels could not be positively stained by Ulex europaens 1 or factor 8-related antigen, both of which were present in the endothelium of the blood vessels in the portal tracts. We describe herein this rare lymphangiomatosis of the liver, with special reference to its immunohistochemistry.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Cerebral circulation and metabolism in patients with septic encephalopathy.

Cerebral circulation and metabolism in septic encephalopathy have not been well documented. The authors measured cerebral blood flow (CBF) and metabolic rate for oxygen (CMRO2) in six patients with septic encephalopathy associated with multiple organ failure (three to five organs). They found that CBF and CMRO2 were significantly lower than awake control values of 46 +/- 2 to 28 +/- 3 mL/100g/min (mean +/- SEM) and 3.1 +/- 0.2 to 1.2 +/- 0.2 mL/100g/min, respectively. Cerebral vascular resistance (CVR) and cerebral circulatory index (CCI:CBF/CMRO2) were significantly higher than the control values of 2.0 +/- 0.1 to 3.0 +/- 0.4 mm Hg/mL/100g/min and 15.1 +/- 0.8 to 24.2 +/- 3.3, respectively. At the time of cerebral circulatory and metabolic measurements, their consciousness varied between 4 and 10 as evaluated by the Glasgow coma scale. The electroencephalogram showed diffuse slow wave activity and the latency of the auditory brain stem evoked response was prolonged in four of six patients. Computed brain tomography showed either no abnormality or mild atrophy. It is concluded that CBF and CMRO2 are disproportionally decreased during septic encephalopathy in association with dysfunction of the CNS and decreased electrical activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Coronary vascular response to endothelin in isolated perfused hearts of spontaneously hypertensive rats.

1. The coronary vasoconstrictive response to endothelin (ET-1) was evaluated using the isolated perfused hearts of 15 week old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and age-matched Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY). Endothelin produced marked increases in perfusion pressure (PP) in both SHR and WKY. The effects of ET-1 were more potent than those of acetylcholine, vasopressin and angiotensin II. The vascular response to ET-1, expressed as the increase in PP, was greater in SHR than in WKY. 2. Nicardipine (10(-8) mol/L) shifted the concentration-PP response curve for ET-1 to the right. The extent of the rightward shift was greater in SHR than in WKY. Additionally in SHR, Bay K-8644 elicited a dose-dependent increase in PP, the effect being more potent than that in WKY. 3. The increased response of the coronary vasculature to ET-1 was observed after 15 weeks of age but not at 6 weeks, indicating that enhancement of the response develops with ageing in SHR. 4. Enhancement of the vascular response to ET-1 in SHR was prevented by chronic (10 weeks) treatment with enalapril (10 mg/kg per day), but not by hydralazine (30 mg/kg per day). 5. These results indicate that the coronary vascular response to ET-1 increases with age in SHR. The mechanism of the enhanced response may involve the activation of dihydropyridine-sensitive Ca2+ channels, however, this type of mechanism may also be modulated at least in part by the renin-angiotensin system.

3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethy↗
PubMed1991

Pretreatment with d-tubocurarine, vecuronium, and pancuronium attenuates succinylcholine-induced increases in plasma norepinephrine concentrations in humans.

We studied in patients the effect of d-tubocurarine, which has sympathetic ganglion blocking action, on succinylcholine-induced increases in plasma levels of catecholamines, and compared it with the effects of vecuronium and pancuronium, which have little sympathetic ganglion blocking action. Thirty-two patients were divided into five groups: seven were given 3 mL saline; seven received 1 mg/kg succinylcholine; and six, seven, and five patients were given 0.08 mg/kg d-tubocurarine, 0.01 mg/kg vecuronium, and 0.01 mg/kg pancuronium, respectively, all of which were injected 5 min before 1 mg/kg succinylcholine. Succinylcholine alone significantly increased plasma norepinephrine concentrations, systolic blood pressure, and heart rate from 187 +/- 39 pg/mL (mean +/- SEM), 93 +/- 2 mm Hg, and 77 +/- 4 beats/min to 429 +/- 61 pg/mL, 120 +/- 7 mm Hg, and 102 +/- 6 beats/min, respectively, with onset of fasciculations. Pretreatment with d-tubocurarine, vecuronium, and pancuronium significantly and equally attenuated both the fasciculations and the cardiovascular responses to succinylcholine. These results suggest that the sympathetic ganglion blocking action of neuromuscular relaxants when given before succinylcholine is not an important factor in attenuation of succinylcholine-induced increases in plasma levels of catecholamines.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Halothane increases epinephrine threshold for the development of slow responses in isolated canine trabeculae.

We studied halothane/epinephrine interaction in isolated canine trabeculae using the doses of epinephrine necessary to produce slow responses (epinephrine threshold for the development of slow responses, ETSR) as an indicator. The preparations were depolarized in Tyrode's solution containing 26 mmol/L of KCl, then epinephrine concentrations in the solution were increased in a stepwise manner. Halothane (1%) had no significant effect, whereas 2% and 4% halothane significantly increased the ETSR. alpha 1-Blockade with either 4, 8, or 16 ng/mL of prazosin or 20, 40, or 80 ng/mL of droperidol did not alter the ETSR, whereas beta 1-adrenergic blockade with 8, 17, or 34 ng/mL of metoprolol significantly increased the ETSR. The same trend was observed when either 8 ng/mL of prazosin or 17 ng/mL of metoprolol was given in combination with 2% halothane. Verapamil (5, 10, or 20 ng/mL) increased the ETSR in a dose-dependent manner. These results indicate that halothane decreases rather than increases the sensitivity of slow calcium channels to epinephrine and that any increase above the baseline ETSR after halothane administration cannot be ascribed to halothane/adrenoceptor interaction but rather to calcium entry-blocking effects of halothane. As slow responses are induced by the activation of slow calcium channels, our findings are consistent with known data that halothane can interfere with slow calcium channel conductance.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[The distribution of S-100 protein positive chondrocytes in the human articular cartilages under aging or diseased conditions].

There have been few reports on the localization of S-100 protein positive chondrocytes in the human articular cartilages. We studied 59 articular cartilages of the aged subjects, 65 osteoarthritic (OA) and 39 rheumatoid arthritic (RA) articular cartilages, to detect the histological localization of S-100 protein using immunoperoxidase method (ABC). The results obtained from normal cartilages demonstrated strongly positive cells representing hypertrophic chondrocytes in the perivascular areas of the neonatal articular cartilage and in the deep zone of the infant articular cartilage. The moderately positive cells were found in the intermediate zone of infant and adult articular cartilages. In mild OA, there were many positive chondrocytes in the intermediate zone with erosion of the surface layer, while in moderate or severe OA many strongly positive cells were found in clusters. The hypertrophic cells in the metaplastic cartilage arising from bone marrow in subjects with severe OA, or from pannus after RA were also positive. It is therefore, suggested that S-100 protein may be correlated with the metabolic activity of the cartilage matrix such as collagen and proteoglycan, as reported in the literature. S-100 protein further, appears to be useful for evaluating histologically the activity of cartilage repair in the pathologic human articular cartilages.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[The severity of dementia and brainstem auditory evoked potentials--peak latency and interpeak latency].

We have examined the correlation of dementia severity and brainstem auditory evoked potentials. The subjects were 80 patients with dementia (20 males, 60 females) whose mean age was 80.7 years. Normal controls were 9 elderly subjects (2 males, 7 females) whose mean age was 80.4 years. The following parameters were measured: peak latencies (I, III and V), interpeak latencies (I-III, III-V and I-V) and interaural latency differences (V PLDs and I-V IPLDs). As for clinical items and sex differences; (1) There were sex differences recognized between peak latency of III and V, interpeak latency of III-V and I-V. (2) There was a significant difference in interaural differences of V PL Ds between vascular dementia and degenerative dementia (dementia of the Alzheimer's type and Parkinson's disease). Duration of illness had no correlation with latencies of BAEPs. Dividing the patients into three groups according to the severity of dementia which are mild, moderate and severe, (3) peak latency of III, V and interpeak latency of I-III, III-V, I-V and interaural latency differences of V PL Ds prolonged significantly with the increasing severity of dementia. From these results, it is suggested that brainstem dysfunction progresses with the increasing severity of the dementia.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Effects of ONO-1016, inhibitor of C1-/HCO3- exchange, on the brain water content and local cerebral blood flow following cerebral ischemia in spontaneously hypertensive rats].

The effects of ONO-1016, as an inhibitor of C1-/HCO3-exchange, on the brain edema and circulatory failure following cerebral ischemia were examined in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR-SP). SHR-SP were divided into three groups: control (sham-operation), non-treated, ONO-1016 group, respectively. Cerebral ischemia was produced by bilateral carotid artery occlusion (BCAO) for 1 hr and then following reperfusion. The brain water content and local cerebral blood flow (LCBF) were determined by dry-wet method and 14C-iodoantipyrine method 2 hr after start of reperfusion. ONO-1016 was given intravenously at a dose of 100 micrograms/kg/min prior to ischemia. The brain water content increased in septum (SP), amygdala (AM) in both non-treated and ONO-1016 groups compared from those in control group. However, brain water contents in SP and midbrain were lower in ONO-1016 group than those in non-treated group. LCBFs decreased to 50-80% in SP, cerebral cortex (CT), striatum (ST), hippocampus (HC) and AM in non-treated group, while LCBFs decreased to 60-80% in SP, CT, ST, AM in ONO-1016 group when compared from those in control group. Decrease of LCBF in ST and HC in ONO-1016 group were less severe than those in non-treated group. From these results, ONO-1016 may prevent the brain edema formation associated with hypoperfusion during reperfusion period after ischemia in SHR-SP.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Cerebral effects of isoflurane-induced or PGE1-induced hypotension in dogs].

The cerebral effects of hypotension induced by inhalation of increasing concentrations of isoflurane or intravenous administration of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) were studied in 15 dogs anesthetized with 1% isoflurane and 50% nitrous oxide during normocarbic (PaCO2 approximately 39 mmHg) and normothermic (37.5 degrees C) condition. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was decreased stepwise to 25, 40, and 55% of its baseline values. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) was measured using the venous outflow technique. Cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen (CMRO2), cerebral metabolic rate for glucose (CMRgl) and oxygen/glucose index (OGI) were calculated, and cerebrospinal fluid pressure (CSFP) and EEG were also recorded at each decrement in MAP and after resuming the control condition. The CBF, CMRO2, CMRgl, OGI and CSFP responses related to hypotension showed no significant changes from baseline values in both methods. However, CBF values in isoflurane-induced hypotension at 25% and 40% reduction of MAP were significantly higher than those in PGE1-induced hypotension. By increasing concentration of isoflurane, EEG changed from continuous fast wave to high amplitude (100 microV) slow wave (4-6 Hz) and typical burst suppression observed in 3 of 8 dogs. In contrast, no significant EEG changes were seen during PGE1-induced hypotension. These results suggest no adverse effect of isoflurane- and PGE1-induced hypotension on cerebral metabolism or function.

Alprostadil↗
PubMed1990

Epidural bupivacaine suppresses local glucose utilization in the spinal cord and brain of rats.

Using the 2-[14C]deoxyglucose method, the effects of analgesic doses of epidural bupivacaine (300 micrograms) on local spinal cord glucose utilization (SP-LGU) of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar regions and local cerebral glucose utilization (BR-LGU) in 38 brain structures were examined in conscious rats. In addition, the effects of intramuscular bupivacaine (300 micrograms) and the spinal cord transection (T2) were examined to determine whether the induced metabolic changes, if any, are related to the drug's systemic effect and/or deafferentation. Lumbar epidural bupivacaine sufficient to produce analgesia decreased SP-LGU in the thoracic (18-28%) and lumbar (21-29%) spinal cord but not in the cervical cord. Epidural bupivacaine decreased BR-LGU (15-26%) in 35 of 38 structures examined. With intramuscular bupivacaine, SP-LGU remained unchanged in almost all regions, while BR-LGU was significantly decreased (11-23%) in 23 structures. Plasma concentrations of bupivacaine in the epidural and intramuscular groups were comparable. With spinal cord transection alone, SP-LGU significantly decreased with varying degrees depending on the structure examined, but BR-LGU did not decrease in 36 of 38 structures examined. These results indicate that analgesic doses of epidural bupivacaine decrease SP-LGU, probably reflecting decreased neuronal activity of the spinal cord, and that reduced BR-LGU by epidural bupivacaine is most likely due to the drug's systemic effect rather than deafferentation.

Analgesia, Epidural↗
PubMed1990

Local cerebral glucose utilization in septic rats.

To identify cortical and subcortical structures in the brain which are associated with septic encephalopathy, local cerebral glucose utilization (LCGU) in the 31 discrete regions were evaluated with a quantitative (14C)-2.deoxyglucose autoradiographic method in the septic rat model. Sepsis was produced by cecal ligation and punctures. Forty rats were subjected to behavioral study and divided into two groups (control, n = 15; sepsis, n = 25). Septic rats died within 36 h, and the rats developed behavioral depression, and showed EEG slowing and an increase in pain threshold. The latter was evaluated by a tail flick method within 8 h after the surgical procedures, while control rats did not show significant change in either behaviors or pain threshold. In another study, LCGU was measured when behavioral depression, increase in pain threshold, and EEG slowing developed in the sepsis group (n = 7). In this group, the mean LCGU in auditory and parietal cortices, lateral geniculate, superior colliculus, hippocampus, and locus ceruleus was 95, 74, 67, 69, 72, and 53 mumol.100 g-1.min-1, being lower by 23%, 22%, 18%, 19%, 14%, and 27% than that in the sham-operated control group (n = 7), respectively. However, the mean LCGU in septal and raphe nuclei was 52 and 84 mumol.100 g-1.min-1, being significantly higher by 27% and 33% than that in the control group, respectively. These results suggest that septic encephalopathy is associated with metabolic changes in the discrete brain regions, which are related to the serotonergic or noradrenergic system.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Endothelial modulation of norepinephrine-induced constriction of rat aorta at normal and high CO2 tensions.

Endothelial modulation of norepinephrine (NE)-induced constriction of the isolated rat aorta was studied at normal (PCO2, 41 +/- 0 mmHg) and high CO2 tensions (PCO2, 91 +/- 1 mmHg). In preparations with intact endothelium, increased CO2 tension resulted in rightward shift of the NE dose-response curve with attenuation of maximal contraction. This effect of CO2 was not modified by indomethacin. Treatment with hemoglobin or rubbing of the endothelium meant that increased CO2 tension still resulted in rightward shift of the NE dose-response curve but without altering the maximal contractile response. The basal guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) levels in control and NE-treated aortic preparations were not affected by increasing the CO2 tension. Thus the inhibitory action of CO2 on NE-induced contraction in the presence of endothelium may not be derived from facilitation of endothelium-derived relaxation factor (EDRF)-induced cGMP synthesis. Increasing the CO2 tension attenuated the sustained contraction induced by the addition of NE and Ca2+ (2.5 mM) to intact endothelium preparations previously bathed in Ca2(+)-free solution. Further addition of Ca2+ (total 5.0 mM) did not increase the contraction. These findings suggest that the intrinsic activity of NE is greatly modified by endothelium at a high CO2 tension. Vasodilation during hypercapnia may be induced at least in part by synergistic actions of EDRF and CO2 on smooth muscle cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

A case of a salivary calculus containing a limb of a shrimp--the structural analysis.

This study describes a case of a salivary calculus which contained the limb of a shrimp. Pathological findings seemed to show a stratiform structure of calculus around the foreign body at the center. However, when the cut surface of the salivary calculus was examined by a scanning electron microscope, it was suspected that the origin of the calculus was in another area next to the foreign body. As a result, it became clear that the foreign body was not the core, but that the core of the salivary calculus was somewhere else, and that the earlier foreign body theory needed to be reconsidered. As to the foreign body, the patient remembered eating a shrimp, which was probably the foreign body in question. The findings obtained from the analysis of other shrimp limb specimens were structurally similar. Therefore the suspicion that the foreign body was indeed the limb of a shrimp was increased.

Adult↗