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Biomedical subjects

H Takeda

Publications and source records attributed to H Takeda.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Animal species differences in erythrocyte aggregability.

Species differences in erythrocyte aggregability were investigated employing our whole blood erythrocyte aggregometer. Blood was sampled from seven species, including humans and anesthetized (30 mg/kg pentobarbital) animals. The erythrocyte aggregation rates were the following (in s-1): cats, 0.213 +/- 0.027 (means +/- SD); dogs, 0.164 +/- 0.027; men, 0.112 +/- 0.025; rats, 0.111 +/- 0.005; domestic rabbits, 0.049 +/- 0.021; and mongolian gerbils, 0.034 +/- 0.015. Domestic fowls did not exhibit erythrocyte aggregograms like those seen in the other species. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences among the erythrocyte aggregation rates of the different species (multiple-comparisons with an overall significance level of 0.05) except between men and rats and between rabbits and gerbils. No single factor which is known to accelerate the erythrocyte aggregation rate (hematocrit, fibrinogen, etc.) was correlated with the erythrocyte aggregation rate except the globulin concentration in the blood. The failure to detect erythrocyte aggregation in domestic fowls was probably attributable to their erythrocyte shape. These results suggest that each species has its own proper tendency for erythrocyte aggregation. This factor must be taken into consideration when the blood circulation is discussed among different animal species.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Incorporation and distribution of tritium in rats exposed to tritiated rice or tritiated soybean.

The incorporation and distribution of tritium were examined in rats exposed to tritiated rice or tritiated soybean by single ingestion or continuous feeding. Results were compared with those for tritiated wheat and tritiated water in a previous study done under the same experimental conditions. All the tritiated crops examined were more efficiently incorporated into rat tissues than was tritiated water, the extent of incorporation depending on the kind of crop. The differences in incorporation were clear in organically bound tritium determined as tritium in dried tissue. The respective concentrations of organically bound tritium after a single ingestion of tritiated rice, tritiated wheat or tritiated soybean were about 10-20, 20-30 and 25-60 times higher than after the ingestion of tritiated water. After continuous feeding for 22 days with tritiated rice, tritiated wheat or tritiated soybean, the respective concentrations of organically bound tritium were 5-8, 6-11 and 10-25 times the values after continuous ingestion of tritiated water. At the end of continuous ingestion, the radiation dose rates to almost of the tissues from all three tritiated crops were estimated to be 2-3 times that for tritiated water.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Ticlopidine treatment in idiopathic plasmacytic lymphadenopathy with polyclonal hyperimmunoglobulinemia accompanied by nephrotic syndrome.

A 36-year-old woman was admitted for idiopathic plasmacytic lymphadenopathy with polyclonal hyperimmunoglobulinemia (IPL) associated with nephrotic syndrome. She was expected to lapse into renal failure because renal biopsy showed focal glomerulosclerosis. VEMP chemotherapy and bolus methyl prednisolone were not effective against excessive urine protein of over 10 g/day. We thus began administration of ticlopidine (6 mg/kg/day), prednisolone (0.4 mg/kg/day) and cyclophosphamide (1 mg/kg/day). After 3 months of this regimen, the urine protein level decreased to less than 0.5 g/day, and renal function was maintained for more than 3 years. It is suggested that ticlopidine is effective for nephropathy complications associated with IPL.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Abnormalities in platelets and vascular endothelial cells induced by glycated lipoproteins.

We studied the effects of glycated lipoproteins of low- and high-density (LDL and HDL) on platelets and vascular endothelial cells. After pretreatment for 5 minutes at 37 degrees C, the thrombin-induced synthesis of thromboxane B2 in washed platelets was significantly increased by glycated LDL as compared with native LDL (198.9 +/- 16.2 vs 90.3 +/- 29.4 ng/10(9) platelets, n = 8, p less than 0.01). Platelet aggregation was also increased by glycated LDL as compared with native LDL. After treatment with platelet-rich plasma for 5 hours at 37 degrees C, these values were suppressed by native HDL vs the control (buffer), but not by glycated HDL. Abnormalities in the release of 6-keto prostaglandin F1 alpha and lactate dehydrogenase from vascular endothelial cells were also induced by glycated LDL and/or HDL. These observations suggest that abnormalities induced in platelets and vascular endothelial cells by glycated lipoproteins may play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis in patients with diabetes mellitus.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1992

Localized fat collection adjacent to the intrahepatic portion of the inferior vena cava: a normal variant on CT.

We describe a normal focal collection of fat that has the appearance of a mass on CT scans. The fat is adjacent to the intrahepatic portion of the inferior vena cava and is contiguous to the fat around the subdiaphragmatic portion of the esophagus. This finding occurred in 11 (0.5%) of 2227 patients who had CT scans at our institution. The fat collections did not change in size or shape on follow-up CT scans obtained 2 to 29 months later (mean, 14 months). The localized fat collections were at the level of or above the confluence of the hepatic veins and the inferior vena cava, and were medial to the inferior vena cava. They were less than 22 mm in length, oval, and had attenuation values ranging from -113 H to -23 H on unenhanced CT scans. The collections enhanced slightly on scans obtained after contrast administration. T1-weighted (600/15) MR images obtained in three cases showed a high-intensity mass that was contiguous to high-intensity fat around the esophagus, medial to the intrahepatic portion of the inferior vena cava. Our experience suggests that a masslike fat collection adjacent to the intrahepatic portion of the inferior vena cava is a normal variant on CT scans and should not be mistaken for an abnormality.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1992

Genetic predisposing factors in non-insulin dependent diabetes with persistent albuminuria.

We designed this study to elucidate a possible involvement of genetic factors which influence the progression of renal dysfunction in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). A total of 328 patients was randomly selected in the Tokai University Hospital. They had been cared for in our hospital as NIDDM for the past five years, until April, 1989. Fifty-six patients with persistent albuminuria, and an equal number of patients without persistent albuminuria were included in this study. No significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of age, estimated period of illness, blood pressure, body-mass index, HbAlc, blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride level and mean blood pressure. The family histories obtained by questionnaires revealed that there might be some genetic predisposing factors leading to the onset of nephropathy in patients with NIDDM, especially in cases with paternal high blood pressure. It is suggested that paternal hypertension might be related to the development of nephropathy in patients with NIDDM.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[A study of arrhythmia following pulmonary operation in patients with bronchogenic carcinoma].

A total of 238 patients undergoing resection of lung cancer were studied for the occurrence of postoperative arrhythmia. Transient arrhythmia was observed in 43 of them (18.1%). Ninety-one percent of 43 patients developed atrial fibrillation (Af), even though no arrhythmia was noted on ECG in any patient preoperatively. Cardiac dysrhythmia occurred 5.2 +/- 3.8 days after operation and lasted for 1.3 +/- 0.9 days (mean +/- SD). There was a significant difference (p less than 0.05) in the incidence of postoperative arrhythmia between the male group (39/188 = 21%) and the female group (4/50 = 8%), however the cause of a difference is unknown. The incidence was higher in patients undergoing pneumonectomy than in those undergoing lobectomy. Patients, who suffered from postoperative arrhythmia, has significantly low values on pulmonary function test (FEV1.0% = 68.7%) preoperatively. The increased cardiac load after the reduction of the pulmonary vascular bed was regarded as the most important factor of arrhythmia. Prophylactic administration of digoxin was performed in another 61 male patients after resection of lung cancer. And it was found to be effective in decreasing the incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation (5/61 = 8%).

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Structures of isomers of ursodeoxycholic acid: 3 beta,7 alpha- and 3 beta,7 beta-dihydroxy-5 beta-cholan-24-oic acids].

Isomers of ursodeoxycholic acid, 3 beta,7 alpha- and 3 beta,7 beta-dihydroxy-5 beta-cholan-24-oic acids (3 beta 7 alpha U and 3 beta 7 beta U) crystallize in the orthorhombic space group P2(1)2(1)2(1) containing one molecule and in the monoclinic group P2(1) containing two independent molecules in an asymmetric unit. The cell dimensions are a = 28.032(17), b = 9.973(5), c = 8.049(6) A for 3 beta 7 alpha U, and a = 11.771(8), b = 27.999(12), c = 6.637(2) A, beta = 90.78(6) degrees for 3 beta 7 beta U, respectively. Both structures were solved by the direct method and refined to the residual values of 0.065 (3 beta 7 alpha U) and 0.059 (3 beta 7 beta U). The conformations of the D rings of each molecule are different from each other: 3 beta 7 alpha U intermediate, 3 beta 7 beta U (A and B) half-chair form. In the crystal, 3 beta 7 alpha U molecules are connected by a hydrogen bond extended nearly parallel to the bc plane and 3 beta 7 beta U molecules are connected by the helical hydrogen bond system or by the zigzag one parallel to the ac plane.

Molecular Conformation↗
PubMed1992

Biokinetics of tritium incorporation into the tissues of rats during continuous ingestion of tritiated water or tritium-labeled food.

Wistar strain male rats were continuously given tritiated water or tritiated wheat as drinking water or food for 70 days. During the ingestion, the tritium incorporation into rat tissues was examined in both wet and dry samples of liver, kidney, testis and blood. The concentration of organically bound tritium (OBT) in dry tissues of rats exposed to tritiated water (HTO) and 3H-food (tritiated wheat) attained an equilibrium within 2-3 weeks after the exposure. The concentration of OBT in dry tissues of rats exposed to HTO also reached an equilibrium within 3-4 weeks after the exposure. However, rats exposed to 3H-food, except for the liver, such an equilibrium state was not reached in other tissues and the OBT concentrations increased gradually throughout the exposure. The relative concentrations of total 3H and OBT at the end of the chronic ingestion of 3H food (70 day), expressed in percentages of the total activity were 1 and 9 times higher than those in rats exposed to HTO, respectively. In both groups, OBT as well as total 3H was almost uniformly distributed among the tissues examined.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[A case report of patch aortoplasty for supravalvular aortic stenosis associated with Williams syndrome].

A 15-year-old girl underwent patch aortoplasty for supravalvular aortic stenosis in association with Williams syndrome. Pressure gradient of before and after stenosis of the aorta decreased from 104 mmHg to 16 mmHg at the postoperative catheterization. Angiography after the operation showed no stenosis. Postoperative course was excellent and discharged on 14th postoperative day. The problems of the operation of supravalvular aortic stenosis were discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Studies of pepsinogen release in guinea pig gastric chief cells based on changes of cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration].

In order to evaluate the role of secretagogue-induced changes of cytosolic free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) in pepsinogen release, the effects of cholecystokinin-octapeptide (CCK-8) on pepsinogen release and on [Ca2+]i in gastric chief cells isolated from guinea pig stomach were investigated. [Ca2+]i was measured with fura-2, Ca(2+)-sensitive fluorescent probe, using dual-wavelength excitation fluorospectrophotometer. In the presence of extracellular Ca2+, CCK-8 induced a rapid and transient increase in [Ca2+]i followed by a sustained plateau of [Ca2+]i increase which remained 20-50 nM above basal level until antagonist was added. Both in the absence of external Ca2+ and in the presence of inorganic Ca2+ channel blocker Ni2+(2 nM), plateau phase but not initial transient peak of [Ca2+]i was diminished. On the other hand, nicardipine, an organic Ca2+ channel blocker, did not affect the [Ca2+]i transient induced by CCK-8. Time course of CCK-8-stimulated pepsinogen release was biphasic; the initial phase of pepsinogen release was unaffected by Ca2+ removal from the medium but was inhibited by Ca2+ chelation with an intracellular Ca2+ chelator BAPTA/AM, while the late phase of pepsinogen release was dependent on extracellular Ca2+. Artificially introduced Ca2+ into the chief cells with ionomycin elicited the increase in [Ca2+]i and pepsinogen release. However, ionomycin-induced release of pepsinogen was transient and several times smaller than that induced by CCK-8. Ni(2+)-sensitive Ca2+ influx across the plasma membrane was also necessary for reloading of agonist-sensitive Ca2+ pool. These results suggest that the initial, transient increase in [Ca2+]i from the intracellular Ca2+ store mediates the initial pepsinogen release, while the sustained increase in [Ca2+]i which is dependent on Ca2+ influx is responsible for the late phase of pepsinogen release. Factors other than the changes in [Ca2+]i may also be required in producing optimal pepsinogen release.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Changes of immunity in the patients undergoing surgery for esophageal cancer].

The kinetics of subpopulations and functional subsets of circulating immune cell, humoral antibody and complement were examined in the 18 patients undergoing surgery with thoracotomy and laparotomy for esophageal cancer. The following results were obtained. 1. Preoperative IgG-Fc-receptor (+) T cell (Tr cell) level was higher than normal level. 2. From 1st post operative day (1POD) to 14POD, WBC counts have increased, lymphocyte counts (especially T cell counts) have decreased significantly as compared with preoperative level. 3. In T cell subsets, counts of Tr cell have decreased significantly from 1POD to 3POD as compared with preoperative counts. 4. Counts of OKT8 positive cells (suppressor or cytotoxic T cell) and OKT4 positive cells (helper or inducer T cell) have decreased significantly from 1POD to 3POD as compared with preoperative count. OKT4/OKT8 ratio increased at 3POD (2.31 +/- 1.33). 5. In B cell subsets divided into using the type of cell surface immune antibody (sIgG, sIgA, sIgD), all subsets have decreased significantly as compared with preoperative counts. 6. Immune globulin (IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD) have decreased significantly from 1POD to 7POD, but at 14POD they increased significantly as compared with preoperative levels. 7. Complements (C3, C4) have decreased significantly from 1POD to 7POD. 8. The count of sIgG positive B cell had significant, negative correlation with carcinogenic factor and positive correlation with preoperative serum total protein. The other immune factors had no correlation with the factors before and during operation. These results suggest that cellular immunity of patients undergoing surgery with thoracotomy and laparotomy for esophageal cancer lose its autoregulation function especially in T cell, it does not recover until 14POD.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Experimental study on development and lung injury in pneumonia under neutropenic condition].

This study was performed to demonstrate the characteristic findings in pneumonia under neutropenic condition. The results were as follows. 1) After nebulizing Klebsiella pneumonia DT-S strains, the survival rate in the neutropenic mouse group rapidly decreased compared with that of the control group. 2) In the neutropenic state, a rapid decline of survival rate was demonstrated during the initial stage of infection. Bacteremia and endotoxemia developed earlier than in the healthy control group. 3) In neutropenic pneumonia, the neutrophil cell count in BALF was significantly lower than that in usual pneumonia. Consequently, a large number of bacteria grew in the alveolar spaces during the early period after inhalation. Neither inflammatory cell infiltration nor thickening of the alveolar wall was present; however, structural destruction of alveolar and vascular walls was found. 4) These pathological changes were also seen following intratracheal inoculation of some extracellular enzymes of Klebsiella pneumoniae DT-S into rabbit lung. However, no destruction of alveolar walls was observed after nebulizing the killed Klebsiella pneumoniae DT-S. It was suggested that the significant amount of enzymes produced by the bacteria growing in the alveoli caused tissue damage, especially in the neutropenic state. 5) Thus the typical inflammatory changes that occurred in the usual state, were not seen in neutropenic pneumonia, and a large number of bacteria grew in the alveoli. Marked tissue damage was caused by extracellular enzymes produced by bacteria. Consequently, bacteria entered the blood stream and bacteremia and endotoxemia developed. These processes observed in neutropenic pneumonia readily progressed to bacteremia of endotoxemia, which are more severe in this state.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Image analysis of the inner ear with CT and MR imaging: pre-operative assessment for cochlear implant surgery].

Recent progress in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has made it possible to obtain detailed images of the inner ear by delineating the lymphatic fluid within the labyrinth. We analyzed CT scans and MR images in 70 ears manifesting profound deafness owing to inner ear lesions and compared their detective ability for inner ear lesions. The following results were obtained. 1) CT scan examination showed slight to extensive ossification of the labyrinth in six ears (9%), whereas MRI examination revealed low to absent signal intensity of the inner ear in nine ears (13%). Therefore, it was concluded that MRI is more sensitive in detecting abnormalities of the inner ear than CT scan. 2) MRI provided useful information as to whether the cochlear turn is filled with lymphatic fluid or obstructed. This point was one of the greatest advantages of MRI over CT scan. 3) Abnormal findings in either or both the CT scan and the MRI were detected in suppurative labyrinthitis occurring secondary to chronic otitis media, bacterial meningitis and in inner ear trauma. However, such abnormal findings were not detected in patients with idiopathic progressive sensorineural hearing loss, ototoxicity or sudden deafness. These findings should be taken into consideration in pre-operative assessment of cochlear implant candidates.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Clinical efficacy of sucralfate in the treatment of gastric ulcer.

We performed a randomized, single-blind study in Japan to investigate the efficacy and safety of two dosage regimens of sucralfate granules, 2 g, twice daily (b.i.d. group, n = 30) and 1 g, 4 times daily (q.i.d. group, n = 27), on ulcer healing in 57 patients with endoscopically proven gastric ulcer. Endoscopy was performed after 4 weeks and, if complete healing was not achieved, again after an additional 4 weeks. Of 57 patients, 11 were excluded from the statistical analysis because of protocol violation (six in b.i.d. group, five in q.i.d. group). Of 46 patients eligible for the analysis of healing rates, four patients in the b.i.d. group (all at 8 weeks) and five patients in the q.i.d. group (two at 4 weeks and three at 8 weeks) were withdrawn due to patients' inconvenience. As the possibility that the withdrawals were due to the treatment failures could not be denied, we used the Kaplan-Meier method and generalized Wilcoxon test/logrank test for the calculation and evaluation of healing rates in this study, respectively. Healing rates at 4 and 8 weeks were 50% and 94% in the b.i.d. group and 35% and 68% in the q.i.d. group. There was no significant difference in healing rates between the groups. No serious adverse effect was observed in either group. These results suggest that the 2 g b.i.d. dose of sucralfate in granule form is at least as effective as the conventional dose of 1 g q.i.d. in the treatment of active gastric ulcers and could lead to better patient compliance.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

Autoregulation of androgen receptor expression in rodent prostate: immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization analysis.

Autoregulation of androgen receptor mRNA and protein was investigated by immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization techniques. In both mouse and rat prostate, the epithelial cell nuclei were stained with the monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies raised against human androgen receptor. It was observed that 3 days after castration, nuclear staining of the epithelium was greatly reduced, while androgen treatment restored the staining intensity to a normal level. In situ hybridization using an androgen receptor cDNA fragment as probe demonstrated that the change in androgen receptor mRNA level correlated with the change in antibody staining intensity. These data suggested an up-regulation of androgen receptor expression by androgen.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Incorporation and distribution of tritium in rats after chronic exposure to various tritiated compounds.

Rats were chronically exposed to tritiated water (3HHO) and several tritiated organic compounds [( 3H]leucine, [3H]lysine, [3H]glucose, [3H]glucosamine, [3H]thymidine and [3H]uridine) dissolved in their drinking water. An analysis of tritium in wet and dry tissues of rats at the end of 22 days' chronic exposure showed that the chemical form of the ingested tritium was more important for tritium uptake in dry tissues than in wet tissues. The concentrations of tritium in dry tissues (organically bound tritium: OBT) after the exposure to tritiated organic compounds were consistently higher than after the exposure to 3HHO. The highest concentrations of OBT were found in rats exposed to tritiated amino acids [( 3H]lysine and [3H]leucine), which were 4-9 times higher than those in rats exposed to 3HHO. The next higher concentrations of OBT were found in rats exposed to [3H]uridine. The result of radiation dose estimations at the end of chronic exposure showed that the contribution of OBT to the total dose rate was higher in the tissues of rats exposed to tritiated organic compounds than that after the exposure to 3HHO. However, the differences between the total dose rates from 3HHO and those from tritiated organic compounds were within a factor of 2.

Animals↗