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Biomedical subjects

H Takeda

Publications and source records attributed to H Takeda.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection, atrophic gastritis and gastric carcinoma in a Japanese population.

AIM: To evaluate the possible relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric carcinoma, and its precursor lesion, intestinal metaplasia, in a Japanese population. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: H. pylori infection was identified by the presence of anti-H. pylori immunoglobulin (Ig)G. The frequency of H. pylori infection was compared in 109 patients with gastric carcinoma, the same number of patients with atrophic gastritis and asymptomatic controls matched for age, sex and place of birth. To study the relation between H. pylori and intestinal metaplasia, sera and gastric antral and corpus mucosal biopsies were obtained from 58 asymptomatic controls, 92 patients with chronic gastritis and 80 patients with peptic ulcer. RESULTS: The presence of IgG antibody to H. pylori was significantly more frequent in those with gastric carcinoma than in asymptomatic controls (87.2 versus 74.3%; odds ratio 2.4; 95% confidence interval 1.2-4.8). The positive rates of H. pylori IgG antibody were 80.7% in patients with atrophic gastritis. Mean serum gastrin and pepsinogen II levels in H. pylori-positive patients were higher than those in H. pylori-negative patients. Serum gastrin and pepsinogen I levels were significantly higher in controls than gastric carcinoma patients (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively). Serum pepsinogen I:II ratios were significantly lower in controls than in gastric carcinoma patients (P < 0.01). Intestinal metaplasia was strongly associated with H. pylori infection, and was only found in patients with IgG antibodies to H. pylori. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that H. pylori infection is associated with the development of gastric cancer by providing a suitable environment for carcinogenesis of the gastric mucosa, such as gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia.

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay↗
PubMed1995

System design and implementation of HIS, RIS, and PC-based PACS at the Osaka University Hospital.

The Osaka University Hospital has developed a totally integrated hospital information system (HUMANE), which features MMML, POE, and PC-based PACS. In order to utilize a PACS in clinical setting, we have developed a delivery and storage system for CR (computer radiography) images in the radiology information system (RIS) and the hospital information system (HIS). As the CR images are displayed on a CRT of a micro frame (personal computer), the system is called as "PC-PACS." Owing to the system, we are able to solve the cost/performance problem and to integrate reports, related schema, and CR images for assistance in decision making at an out-patient clinic. The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the HIS, RIS, and PACS coupling that is very unique in Japan.

Hospital Information Systems↗
PubMed1995

Implementation of the totally integrated hospital information system (Humane) in Osaka University Hospital.

On September 1, 1993, in the new Osaka University Hospital, we implemented a new hospital information system named "HUMANE" (Human oriented Universal Medical Assessment system by Network Environment). We had planned to organize a more effective and efficient medical care system in the new hospital and improve the medical services to patients. To succeed in constructing a totally integrated hospital information system, the original data must be entered. Most of it would be entered by doctors who are not accustomed to the operation of a computer system, thus the production of a good man-machine interface is indispensable. For this reason, we adopted a micro-medium-main frame link system for the system configuration. The interface program and the copy of the master data about each subsystem are located on the microframe. Although, all patient data is stored on the mainframe, most of the active patients' data is delivered to the mediumframe before the data is requested. This system design makes it possible to shorten the response time and to use a comfortable user interface. On the basis of this system configuration, we made subsystems that support hospital management, for example, an ordering system, a reporting system, a reservation system, a supporting system for hospitalization, a nurse supporting system, and so on. These systems promote automation control in each central service division; pharmacy, radiology, laboratory for clinical investigation and accounting section, resulting in man-power being saved. At the same time, medical service to patients is improved, because waiting time is shortened and redundant examinations or prescription are avoided.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed1995

Role of Helicobacter pylori in chronic gastritis: a prospective study.

We conducted a prospective study to evaluate the relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and chronic gastritis in a Japanese population. H. pylori was found in 67% of patients positive for mononuclear cell (MN cell) infiltration and in 75.8% of patients positive for polymorphonuclear cell (PMN cell) infiltration, whereas H. pylori was found in 14.2% of patients without MN cell infiltration and in 33.2% of patients without PMN cell infiltration. The frequency of MN and PMN cell infiltration in H. pylori-positive patients was significantly higher than that in H. pylori-negative patients. The frequency of H. pylori infection did not differ in those with atrophic gastritis from those without, whereas the frequency of intestinal metaplasia became significantly higher in those with moderate and severe atrophy. There was no significant difference between serum pepsinogen I (PG I) levels in H. pylori-positive and -negative patients. However serum PG II levels were significantly increased in H. pylori-positive patients aged 40-69 years. The serum PG I-II ratio was significantly lower in H. pylori-positive patients aged 40-59 years. These results suggest that H. pylori infection in the gastric mucosa plays an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic and atrophic gastritis and in the development of intestinal metaplasia.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Role of nitric oxide in regulation of cerebral microvascular tone and autoregulation of cerebral blood flow in cats.

The role of nitric oxide in the regulation of cerebrocortical microvascular tone and autoregulation of cerebral blood flow (CBF) was examined in 24 anesthetized cats. The local cerebral blood volume (CBV), mean transit time of blood (MTT), and CBF in the cortex were measured by our photoelectric method. CBV represents the cumulative dimensions of the cerebral microvessels. Intravenous injection of 0.35-0.7 mg/kg/min NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis, significantly increased mean arterial blood pressure (MABP; 8.4-14.1%, P < 0.01), decreased CBV (15.2-28.7%, P < 0.01), and decreased CBF (20.0-29.8%, P < 0.01) in a dose-related manner. The changes in MABP, CBV, and CBF elicited by L-NMMA were inhibited (P < 0.05) by simultaneous infusion of 35 mg/kg/min L-arginine. Autoregulation of CBF was examined during controlled hypotension of -30 to -40 mmHg (artificial bleeding) and recovery of blood pressure (reinfusion of blood). Although CBF remained constant with blood pressure changes in the control state (delta CBF/delta MABP of 0.037 +/- 0.155 with hypotension), CBF became dependent on blood pressure changes (delta CBF/delta MABP of 0.478 +/- 0.135, P < 0.05) during infusion of 0.35 mg/kg/min L-NMMA. It is concluded that nitric oxide participates in both the regulation of basal tone of cerebral microvessels and the autoregulation of CBF.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Vagally mediated heart rate recovery after exercise is accelerated in athletes but blunted in patients with chronic heart failure.

OBJECTIVES: Vagally mediated heart rate recovery after exercise was assessed in patients with chronic heart failure and in well trained athletes by analyzing the postexercise heart rate decay. BACKGROUND: Vagal reactivation is an important cardiac deceleration mechanism after exercise. However, alterations of this mechanism under pathologic conditions have not been characterized because of the lack of a specific index. METHODS: To find a vagally mediated component of heart rate recovery, the time constants of the beat-by-beat heart rate decay for the first 30 s (T30) and the first 120 s (T120) after exercise were obtained at six levels of exercise in eight normal volunteers: 1) at maximal exercise, 2) at anaerobic threshold, 3) at anaerobic threshold with propranolol administration, 4) at anaerobic threshold with atropine administration, 5) at anaerobic threshold with concomitant administration of both drugs, and 6) at 50% of anaerobic threshold. To investigate the effects of heart failure and endurance training on vagally mediated heart rate recovery, T30 and T120 at anaerobic threshold were obtained in 20 patients with chronic heart failure and in 9 cross-country skiers. RESULTS: In normal volunteers, T30 and T120 were markedly prolonged by atropine administration, indicating that both time constants are mediated by vagal reactivation. Moreover, T30 was almost independent of the exercise intensity and sympathetic blockade, whereas T120 was affected by sympathetic nerve activity and exercise work load. These results indicate that T30 is mediated primarily by vagal reactivation, independent of sympathetic withdrawal, and is significantly smaller in athletes (p < 0.01) and significantly larger in patients with chronic heart failure (p < 0.01) than that in respective age-matched normal control subjects. CONCLUSIONS: The T30 value could be a specific index for vagally mediated heart rate recovery. Vagally mediated heart rate recovery after exercise is accelerated in well trained athletes but blunted in patients with chronic heart failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Dilatation of cerebral microvessels mediated by endothelin ETB receptor and nitric oxide in cats.

The functional role of the endothelin (ET)B receptor in the cerebral microvessels was examined in seven anesthetized cats. The effects of intracarotidly injected IRL1620, a selective ETB receptor agonist, on the cerebral blood volume (CBV) in the cortex were examined by a photoelectric method. CBV reflects the cumulative dimensions of the cerebral microvessels. High doses of IRL1620 (0.1-1 nmol/kg) elicited a transient fall in CBV, followed by a marked and dose-related increase of CBV (P < 0.01). The CBV increase was significantly inhibited (P < 0.01) by simultaneous administration of 0.35 mg/kg/min NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis. The marked, but transient, depressor effect of IRL1620 was also attenuated (P < 0.01) by L-NMMA. The ETB receptor subtype and production of nitric oxide, probably in the endothelium, mediate the vasodilatory action of ET in the cerebral microvessels.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Cerebral ischemia-induced amplification phenomenon of somatosensory evoked potentials in cats.

We elucidate the amplification phenomenon of median nerve somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) induced in cats by cerebral ischemia and also analyse the relationship between such amplification and cerebral blood flow (CBF). Transient focal cerebral ischemia was carried out by inducing only middle cerebral artery occlusion or jointly with bilateral common carotid artery occlusion. Various SEP alteration patterns were observed with CBF changes; with our overall results suggesting for the first time that the SEP amplification phenomenon occurs only under relatively mild cerebral ischemia.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Renaturation and activity staining of glycosidases and glycosyltransferases in gels after sodium dodecyl sulfate-electrophoresis.

Glycosidases and glycosyltransferases were electrophoresed in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in a thin-layer gel supported by a glass plate, treated with the nonionic detergent Triton X-100, and specifically stained for the sugar-releasing activity of these enzymes. Staining is based on conversion of monosugars or a sugar phosphate to glucose-6-phosphate by the appropriate intermediary enzymes, reduction of NADP+ to NADPH, and accumulation of reduced Nitroblue Tetrazolium in the gel. Among the enzymes tested, alpha-glucosidase, beta-glucosidase and beta-mannosidase could not be renatured, whereas beta-fructofuranosidase and alpha-mannosidase could be renatured unless heated before electrophoresis. Sucrose phosphorylase, glucosyltransferase and fructosyltransferase, which are single-peptide proteins with no cystine bond, could be renatured even after pretreatment with SDS and/or mercaptoethanol at 100 degrees C for 10 min. However, exclusive heating remarkably decreased the activities of these enzymes. Two-dimensional separation of the five renaturable enzymes was done in a single thin-layer gel, using SDS-electrophoresis in the first dimension and isoelectric focusing in the second dimension.

Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel↗
PubMed1994

Characterization of three different transgenic mouse lines that carry human poliovirus receptor gene--influence of the transgene expression on pathogenesis.

Three transgenic mouse lines, ICR-PVRTg1, ICR-PVRTg5, and ICR-PVRTg21, which are susceptible to poliovirus, have been established by introducing the human gene for poliovirus receptor (PVR) into the genome of mouse strain ICR. Genetic characterizations of the PVR gene were carried out on these mouse lines to define the approximate copy number, insertion site, and expression of the transgene in the central nervous system (CNS). The transgene was integrated in the chromosome 4, 12, and 13 of ICR-PVRTg1, ICR-PVRTg5 and ICR-PVRTg21 mice, respectively, and was stably transmitted to progeny mice. ICR-PVRTg1 appeared to have the most abundant copy numbers of the transgene and showed the highest level of PVR mRNA and membrane associated PVR protein in the CNS among the three mouse lines. Those in ICR-PVRTg21 and ICR-PVRTg5 were at intermediate and lowest levels, respectively. In the CNS, PVR mRNA was detected at high levels only in neurons of the spinal cord and brain stem where poliovirus can replicate, suggesting that the PVR mRNA expression confers cell specificity to poliovirus in the CNS. ICR-PVRTg1 and ICR-PVRTg5 showed the highest and the lowest sensitivity to poliovirus, respectively, whereas ICR-PVRTg21 was in-between. These results may suggest that poliovirus sensitivity of the mice is attributed to relative levels of PVR expression.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

An adult case of Bland-White-Garland syndrome with collaterals from the bronchial artery.

We report herein an adult case of anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (Bland-White-Garland syndrome; BWG syndrome). The patient had chest discomfort during exercise and signs of mitral regurgitation. We diagnosed him as having BWG syndrome by angiography, and performed surgical treatment. At the operation, retrograde coronary blood flow was found through the left coronary artery during aortic cross-clamping. This suggested extracardiac anastomosis from peripheral arteries to the left coronary artery. Since the collateral blood flow was considerable during aortic cross-clamping, only the left coronary artery was closed. A collateral from the left bronchial artery to the left circumflex artery was demonstrated by postoperative angiography. Cases of adults with BWG syndrome are rare, and this may be the first report of a collateral from the bronchial artery.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

The metabolic fate of apolipoprotein A-I-containing lipoproteins internalized into HepG2 cells: resecreted lipoproteins as a potent inducer for cholesterol efflux.

In a chase study using double-radiolabeled apolipoprotein (apo) A-I-containing lipoproteins (14C-labeled cholesteryl ester and 125I-labeled apolipoprotein) with or without apo A-II (Lp A-I/A-II particle and Lp A-I particle), these lipoproteins internalized into HepG2 cells were demonstrated to be time-dependently released into the medium as trichloroacetic acid (TCA)-precipitable fraction. The molar ratio of 14C/125I-radioactivity of TCA-precipitable fraction in the medium was time-dependently decreased. In Sephacryl S-300 HR chromatography of both circulating mature and resecreted apo A-I-containing lipoproteins in the medium after the chase period, a single major protein peak corresponding to that of high density lipoproteins was detected by absorbance at 280 nm. The 14C-radioactivity in apo A-I-containing lipoproteins resecreted from HepG2 cells after 3-h chase was approximately one-fourth of that in circulating mature apo A-I-containing lipoproteins. Cholesterol mass in resecreted apo A-I-containing lipoproteins was three-tenths of that in circulating mature apo A-I-containing lipoproteins. In a cholesterol efflux experiment using macrophage foam cells labeled with [3H]cholesterol, apo A-I-containing lipoproteins resecreted significantly decreased cholesteryl ester radioactivity in macrophage foam cells, as compared with circulating mature apo A-I-containing lipoproteins. There were no remarkable differences in the metabolic fates and cholesterol efflux from macrophage foam cells between Lp A-I and Lp A-I/A-II particles. These results suggest that a part of apo A-I-containing lipoproteins internalized into HepG2 cells may be resecreted in the form of intact lipoproteins with lower cholesterol content, and apo A-I-containing lipoproteins resecreted may be a potent inducer for cholesterol efflux through the processes of reverse cholesterol transport.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Cerebral vasodilatory effect of high-dose, intravascular endothelin-1: inhibition by NG-monomethyl-L-arginine.

The effects of intracarotid administration of endothelin-1 on the cerebral microvessels were examined in anesthetized cats. The local cerebral blood volume in the cortex, which reflects the cumulative dimensions of the cerebral microvessels, was measured by our photoelectric method. A low dose of endothelin-1 (0.1 nmol) elicited mild but significant declines in cerebral blood volume. Following a high dose of endothelin-1 (3 nmol), the cerebral blood volume was initially reduced, probably due to the marked fall in arterial blood pressure, but was subsequently increased significantly. The increase in cerebral blood volume was not secondary to the rise in blood pressure, since it was unaffected by inhibition of the blood pressure changes with BQ-123 (1 mg/kg), an endothelin antagonist. However, the cerebral blood volume increase was prevented by continuous administration of NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (0.35 mg/kg per min), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis, plus BQ-123. BQ-123 itself had no significant effects on cerebral blood volume or blood pressure. We conclude that while a low dose of intravascular endothelin-1 steadily constricts the cerebral microvessels, a high dose dilates the cerebral microvessels through the induction of nitric oxide synthesis, probably in the endothelium.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

A patient with rhabdomyosarcoma and clear cell sarcoma of the skin.

We describe a patient with rhabdomyosarcoma of the posterior cervical region and clear cell sarcoma on the occipital scalp. These two tumors later metastasized to distant skin. We differentiated these tumors by histopathologic, histochemical, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural findings. Cells of the posterior cervical tumor showed differentiation toward striated muscle, whereas those of the occipital tumor showed findings compatible with melanocytic differentiation.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Constriction/dilatation of the cerebral microvessels by intravascular endothelin-1 in cats.

The effects of intracarotidly injected endothelin (ET)-1 (0.01-3 nmol) on the local cerebral blood volume (CBV) in the parietotemporal cortex were examined by the photoelectric method in 17 anesthetized cats. CBV reflects the cumulative dimensions of the cerebral microvessels. Low doses of ET-1 (0.01 and 0.1 nmol) elicited mild but significant reductions in CBV without changes in the systemic arterial blood pressure (SABP). High doses of ET-1 (3 nmol) initially induced marked declines of CBV, which were attributable to the significant falls in SABP. CBV subsequently exhibited significant increases. The CBV increases were not secondary to the accompanying elevations of SABP, since they were unaffected by inhibition of the SABP changes after preinjection of BQ-123 (1 mg/kg), an ET antagonist specific to the ETA receptors. The CBV increases, however, were prevented by continuous administration of NG-mono-methyl-L-arginine (0.35 mg/kg/min), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis, plus BQ-123. We conclude that while low doses of intravascular ET-1 constrict the cerebral microvessels, high doses of ET-1 dilate the cerebral microvessels through the induction of nitric oxide probably in the cerebrovascular endothelium.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

A novel POU domain gene, zebrafish pou2: expression and roles of two alternatively spliced twin products in early development.

POU domain proteins are a large family of transcriptional regulatory proteins, many of which are implicated in the control of gene expression during early development. We describe here the cloning and expression of zebrafish pou2, a novel POU domain gene related to the mouse germ-line-specific transcription factor oct-3. Zebrafish pou2 is maternally expressed, and the transcripts are present from the one-cell stage to the gastrula stage. In situ hybridization analyses revealed that the transcripts were present in all blastomeres until the midblastula stage and that the expression was restricted to the epiblast during gastrulation. We found that alternatively spliced transcripts, t-pou2 RNAs, were also expressed in the embryos. In contrast to the Pou2 product, the t-Pou2 product lacks DNA-binding activity because of its incomplete POU domain structure. To examine the roles of the Pou2 and t-Pou2 products, we increased their expression in the embryo by microinjection of synthetic pou2 and t-pou2 RNAs into the fertilized eggs at the one-cell stage. Most embryos that developed from the eggs injected with pou2 RNA did not show any obvious developmental defects. In contrast, overexpression of the t-Pou2 product greatly affected the embryonic development: There was strong developmental retardation or arrest due to the incomplete gastrulation. In the affected embryos, expression of zebrafish T gene was reduced and the hypoblast formation was disturbed. Temporal and spatial expression patterns and the effects of overexpression of these products on development are consistent with the idea that the Pou2 and t-Pou2 proteins are involved in early development of zebrafish embryos. They may be involved in the proliferation of blastomeres in undetermined state at the blastula stage and/or the early cell commitment events at the gastrula stage. Also, our results indicate that different products generated as a result of alternative splicing from the same gene possess distinct functional capacities.

Alternative Splicing↗
PubMed1994

Rare association of congenital bicuspid aortic valve, annuloaortic ectasia, and anomalous origin of left circumflex coronary artery.

A bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is one of the most common congenital heart anomalies. Although each annuloaortic ectasia (AAE) and malformation of the left coronary artery has been described as a complication of BAV, no case associated with both abnormalities has been reported previously. We present here a very rare case of congenital BAV complicated by AAE and the anomalous origin of the left coronary artery.

Aorta, Thoracic↗