Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to H Takata.
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The frequencies of 80 HLA antigen phenotypes in 82 centenarians and 20 nonagenarians in Okinawa, Japan, were compared with those in other healthy adults in various age-brackets. Subjects aged over 90 had an extremely low frequency of HLA-DRw9 and an increased frequency of DR1. In this age-group the relative risk of corrected (for number of antigens) p value for HLA-DRw9 were 5.2 and 0.0001, respectively; those for HLA-DR1 were 13.3 and 0.0367, respectively. Since a high frequency of DRw9 and a low frequency of DR1 are associated with autoimmune or immune deficiency diseases, the genetic protection against these disorders may contribute to longevity.
Co-cultivation of spleen cells of Syrian golden hamsters with lethally irradiated MT-2 cells harboring human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) resulted in the establishment of lymphoid cell lines, HCT-1 and HCT-2, which exhibited the normal karyotype of golden hamsters. Cells of both the HCT-1 and HCT-2 lines lacked surface immunoglobulins and reacted with a monoclonal antibody (MAb) specific for hamster T cells. Some were positive for OKIa1. None of them expressed HTLV structural antigens (p19 and p24) or virus particles, but they contained HTLV-I proviral DNA monoclonally. By immunochemical analysis of the labelled cell antigens, sera from adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) patients reacted with the two polypeptides, p37 and p40, which may not be viral structural proteins and still remain to be characterized. HCT-1 and HCT-2 cells were transplantable into newborn hamsters, pre-treated with anti-hamster thymocyte serum and non-treated, respectively, producing diffuse malignant lymphoma. These findings indicated that HTLV-I not only immortalized but also transformed hamster T cells non-productively.
Echocardiographically abnormal regional configuration of the left ventricle is one of the clues in detecting asynergy of the left ventricular wall. For the quantitative assessment, regional left ventricular configuration was expressed quantitatively using a new index, relative curvature. To obtain the end-systolic curvature, end-systolic echocardiograms were digitized and divided into eight segments. Then end-systolic curvature was determined as the reciprocal of the circumradius of a triangle determined by three consecutive dividing points. Relative curvature was defined as the product of end-systolic curvature multiplied by end-diastolic circumference. To assess the accuracy of quantitative analysis of regional left ventricular wall motion by relative curvature, short-axis images of the left ventricle at the level of the chordae tendineae were analyzed in 20 patients with myocardial infarction and 20 normal subjects by three different indices: segmental area change using a fixed reference system, segmental wall thickness change, and relative curvature. Groups of 10 patients with anteroseptal infarction, 10 patients with inferoposterior infarction, and 10 normal subjects could be differentiated from each other by these three indices. With the 95 per cent confidence intervals obtained from 10 other normal subjects, asynergic segments were detected objectively. By segmental area change, the sensitivity was 100 per cent and the specificity was 90 per cent on the anterior wall; the sensitivity was 90 per cent and the specificity was 95 per cent on the posterior wall. By segmental wall thickness change, the sensitivity was 70 per cent and the specificity was 75 per cent on the anterior wall; and those were 80 per cent and 90 per cent, respectively, on the posterior wall. By relative curvature, the sensitivity was 100 per cent and the specificity was 85 per cent on the anterior wall; and those were 90 per cent and 90 per cent, respectively, on the posterior wall. It was concluded that left ventricular regional contraction could be assessed quantitatively by relative curvature which quantitatively expresses regional left ventricular configuration. This index is independent of any reference systems, so it is expected to be used for quantitative analysis of regional wall motion, even though the cardiac motion within the thorax is not disregarded.
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Seventy-seven chronic alcoholics with liver disease were studied to evaluate the HLA antigen association. There were no significant differences of HLA antigen phenotype frequencies (PF) between the patients and controls regarding A and C loci, (62 healthy Japanese). Prevalences of HLA-B40 complex (B40 . 48 . 13) and DRW9 tended to increase among chronic alcoholics. When chronic alcoholics were divided according to whether they had liver cirrhosis or not, the cirrhosis group (42 cases) revealed a significantly higher frequency of HLA-DRW9 (chi 2 = 10.88, p less than 0.001, corrected p less than 0.05, relative risk (R.R.) = 4.17) as compared to controls. There was also a tendency of B40 complex to increase in frequency (chi 2 = 5.51, p less than 0.05, R.R. = 2.65) in the cirrhosis group. Haplotype frequency and linkage disequilibrium parameters of HLA-B40 . 48-DRW9 were significantly higher than those of controls. Moreover, the increased frequency of DRW9 in the cirrhosis group was similar to that in autoimmune disease like ulcerative colitis or SLE. These data suggest that HLA-DRW9 and/or HLA-B40-DRW9 might be closely associated with susceptibility to developing alcoholic cirrhosis and that autoimmune mechanisms might be involved partly in its etiology.
The methanol extracts of raw and processed roots of Aconitum carmichaeli were shown to stimulate amino acid incorporation into mouse liver protein after approx. 10 h of ingestion. The extract of the raw roots was fractionated by monitoring the anabolic activity to furnish the aconitine alkaloids as active principles, among which mesaconitine exhibited the strongest activity. Amino acid incorporation into liver protein in the mesaconitine treated mice was inhibited by actinomycin D to the level of normal mice. Long-term administration of mesaconitine induced no reinforcement of the anabolic activity in mouse liver. Examination of the anabolic activity in liver, spleen, kidney, testis and serum revealed that mesaconitine potentiated protein synthesis only in liver and rather reduced it in kidney.
Mesaconitine (MA) inhibited carrageenin-induced hind-paw edema in sham-operated mice as well as adrenalectomized mice. Hind-paw edema produced by subplantar injection of histamine, serotonin and prostaglandin E1 was suppressed by MA, indicating that it elicits the antiinflammatory activity at the early exudative stage of inflammations. However, MA did not affect the biosynthesis of the prostaglandins. Trazoline and propranolol had no effect on the inhibitory activity of MA on carrageenin-induced hind-paw edema. MA when administered i.c. at the doses where it shows marked analgesic activity produced dose-dependent antiinflammatory responses on paw edema produced by carrageenin and on vascular permeability accelerated by acetic acid and agar. The inhibitory activity of morphine on carrageenin-induced paw edema failed to be potentiated by the concurrent administration of MA, demonstrating that the mechanism of the antiinflammatory activity of MA involves the central nervous system.
The records of 37 patients with ruptured thoracic aorta were reviewed. Twenty-six were operated on, and 11 died before they could reach the operating room. Three patients died in the postoperative period: one of massive pulmonary contusion, one of pulmonary insufficiency secondary to fat emboli, and one of massive central nervous system damage. The operative complication of most concern was the anterior spinal syndrome, which occurred in three patients. Twenty-three patients survived with no sequelae from their aortic injury.
The frequency deviation of human lymphocyte-DR antigens as well as human lymphocyte A, B, and C antigens was assessed in 40 Japanese patients with ulcerative colitis and compared with 51 ethnically matched healthy Japanese. The antigen that was of significantly higher frequency in patients with ulcerative colitis was HLA-DR2. This antigen was found in 70% of the patients vs. 31% of controls [chi 2 = 13.4, p less than 0.001, corrected p less than 0.01, relative risk = 5.1). In addition, an increased frequency of HLA-B5-DR2, which is the most common haplotype in Japanese populations, was found in 55% of the patients with ulcerative colitis compared with 22% of the controls (chi 2 = 10.84, p less than 0.001).
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.
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A 21 year old Japanese male of normal intelligence with severe athetosis, scoliosis with pelvic obliquity, and a positive Galant's reflex was seen with complaint of difficulty in maintaining a sitting posture. After release of the soft tissues around the hip and axilla, followed by physiotherapy, he underwent ipsilateral transfer of the tensor fasciae latae to the rib cage. Six years after the final operation there has been remarkable improvement of his scoliosis and pelvic obliquity but also diminution of Galant's reflex. In addition his daily activities have been improved by the muscle transferred. He can sit for more than one hour.
HLA antigens were studied among 94 chronic alcoholics. Concerning A and B-loci, there was no significant change of phenotype frequency (PF) in the HLA typing between the patients and controls (80 healthy subjects). However, there was a significant difference in the PF of CW3 between chronic alcoholics and controls (58.5% in alcoholics vs 30.0% in controls). The corrected p value was less than 0.05 with relative risk value being 3.29 HLA-DR loci were also detected in 26 patients, but there was no significant difference between the patients and controls. All alcoholics were subdivided according to the hepatic morphology, and the PF of HLA was examined. A significant high frequency of HLA CW3 was found in patients with hepatitis (64%) compared to controls (30%). There was also an increased PF of CW3 in the liver cirrhosis group (59% in cirrhosis group vs 30% in controls). In conclusion, chronic alcoholics have a significantly higher PF of HLA-CW3 as compared to controls. This characteristic feature becomes even more distinct in alcoholics with severe hepatic lesions.