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Biomedical subjects

H Takami

Publications and source records attributed to H Takami.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Measurement of serum PDN-21 (Katacalcin) levels by radioimmunoassay in patients with various thyroid diseases.

We established a radioimmunoassay (RIA) using anti-PDN-21 antiserum, which was obtained by immunizing rabbits with synthesized PDN-21, and the basic results are described in this report, with discussion of the significance of PDN-21 determination in various thyroid diseases. In this RIA, the double antibody technique was used for B/F separation. This assay yielded excellent standard curves, specificity, recovery and reproducibility showing that the assay is satisfactory from the clinical standpoint. The upper limit of the normal PDN-21 level was 67 pg/ml in 98 healthy persons. Only patients with medullary carcinoma of the thyroid among patients with various thyroid diseases showed specifically positive assay results. The level was 110 to 18,300 pg/ml (mean, 5,940 pg/ml) in 7 patients whose levels were determined preoperatively, and 64 to 140,000 pg/ml (mean, 10,900 pg/ml) in 18 patients whose levels were determined postoperatively. Thus, PDN-21 levels increased very sharply in the settings of recurrence and tumor residue. These results suggest that PDN-21 has the potential to be an extremely sensitive, highly specific marker for medullary carcinoma of the thyroid.

Adenocarcinoma, Follicular↗
PubMed1994

Tuberculous thyroiditis: report of a case with a review of the literature.

A 49-year-old Japanese woman was referred to our department for evaluation of a thyroid nodule. She underwent subtotal thyroidectomy with modified neck dissection for a follicular thyroid carcinoma, suspected on preoperative diagnosis. The histological diagnosis was tuberculous thyroiditis. She made an uneventful recovery and received antituberculous agents. At follow-up she remains well and is euthyroid. Reports on forty-four patients in the Japanese literature were read. Tuberculous thyroiditis must be differentiated from thyroid cancer and subacute thyroiditis. Surgery plus administration of antituberculous drugs is considered the treatment of choice.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1994

Relationship of ornithine decarboxylase activity and human colon tumorigenesis.

Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity was determined in tumorous lesions of the human colon, and the possibility of ODC acting as a marker of colon tumorigenesis investigated. In adenoma, ODC activity, in pmoles/h/mg protein, was 164 +/- 82 in tumorous tissue, which was higher than the 19.6 +/- 10.5 in macroscopically normal mucosa (control tissue) around the tumorous tissue, while 8.7 +/- 4.1 in normal colon mucosa. In carcinoma-in-adenoma and carcinoma, ODC activities in the control tissue were 15.3 +/- 11.9 and 27.5 +/- 15.0, respectively. The levels were respectively higher than in normal tissue. These results suggest ODC to be a potential indicator of colon tumorigenesis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

[Obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract due to an anomalous muscle bundle and an accessory tissue on the mitral valve associated with mitral stenosis].

This paper details a rare cause of subaortic obstruction, a discrete membrane combined with an anomalous muscle bundle and an accessory tissue on the mitral valve. A 13-year-old boy was referred to our hospital for surgical relief of subaortic obstruction and mitral stenosis. He had received two additional operations, the first was for coarctation of aorta when 5 years old and the second was for discrete subaortic stenosis when 6 years old. Recatheterization at this time revealed an peak systolic gradient of 44 mmHg across the left ventricular outflow tract, and an peak diastolic gradient of 7 mmHg across the mitral valve. An echocardiogram revealed two longitudinally anomalous tissues in the left ventricular outflow tract. Excision of both anomalous tissue and mitral valve replacement were performed. The macroscopic findings and histological reports of the excised specimens showed that one was the accessory mitral valve tissue and another was the anomalous muscle bundle. Intraoperative epicardial echocardiography is beneficial for evaluating the obstructive status of the LV outflow tract before and after excision of the anomalous tissues in this case.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Measurement of serum tissue-polypeptide antigen (TPA) levels by EIA employing monoclonal antibody].

Serum TPA levels were measured by high-sensitive EIA employing anti-TPA monoclonal antibody M3 in 188 patients with solid tumors. The positive rate of serum TPA levels in 131 primary surgical patients was 39.7%, whereas that in 57 recurrent patients was 87.7%, and 20 recurrent patients (35.1%) showed higher TPA levels than 500 U/l. In patients with gastric and colorectal carcinomas, TPA levels increased in accordance with progression of the staging. The positive rate of TPA levels in patients with benign disease was 8.3% (4/48). Therefore, this EIA were thought to be clinically useful as a tumor marker for solid tumors.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1993

Restrictive ventricular septal defect: how small is too small to close?

Historically, indications for ventricular septal defect closure have included congestive heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, aortic insufficiency with or without aortic valve prolapse, and prior bacterial endocarditis. However, controversy exists as to how the lifetime risk of an isolated, nonoperated restrictive ventricular septal defect compares with the risk of surgical closure in an asymptomatic child. Between 1980 and 1991, cardiac catheterization and elective ventricular septal defect closure (age > 1 year, pulmonary to systemic flow ratio < 2.0) were performed in 141 patients aged 1 to 23 years (mean age, 6.1 +/- 4.7 years). Mean systolic pulmonary artery pressure was 26.9 +/- 13.0 mm Hg, and mean pulmonary to systemic flow ratio was 1.6 +/- 0.3. Aortic valve prolapse was present in 63 patients (45%), aortic insufficiency was present in 25 (18%), and 5 (3.5%) had prior bacterial endocarditis. There were no early or late deaths or major morbidity. No patient required a ventriculotomy to accomplish ventricular septal defect closure. Mean postoperative intensive care unit stay was 1.3 +/- 0.9 days, and mean hospital stay was 5.5 +/- 1.9 days. There were no instances of permanent complete atrioventricular dissociation, reoperations for bleeding, postoperative wound infections, or reoperations for residual or recurrent ventricular septal defect. These improved results justify a reevaluation of historic indications for ventricular septal defect closure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Rupture of the flexor digitorum profundus tendon in the palm caused by repeated, chronic direct trauma.

Nonrheumatoid ruptures of the flexor tendons in the palm are rare. We report a case in which excessive exertion caused rupture of the flexor digitorum profundus tendon to the small finger in the palm at the level of the lumbrical origin. The patient had been practicing Japanese fencing for many years. The hard butt end of a bamboo sword impinged precisely on the region in the palm where the rupture occurred.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Mechanism of mitochondrial enzyme leakage during reoxygenation of the rat heart.

OBJECTIVE: The aim was to clarify the factors that induce enzyme release from mitochondria during anoxia and reoxygenation. METHODS: Isolated perfused hearts or isolated mitochondria were prepared from hearts excised from rats. The amounts of lactate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic aspartate aminotransferase, and mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase released into the coronary effluent from perfused heart preparations were measured. To distinguish the effect of mechanical stress from that of reoxygenation, a latex balloon was placed in the left ventricular cavity to impose mechanical stress and the heartbeat was controlled with a high K+ medium. A digitonin infusion technique was used to obtain only the cytosolic compartment of the cells for analysis of the amounts of mitochondrial enzymes released into the cytosol. The effect of anoxia followed by reoxygenation on enzyme release from isolated mitochondria was studied. RESULTS: On reoxygenation, mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase was released as well as cytoplasmic enzymes, but, unlike cytoplasmic enzymes, the release was not influenced by mechanical stress. Mitochondrial injury by reoxygenation depended on the duration of the preceding anoxia. Reoxygenation of isolated mitochondria also induced enzyme release and the presence of ATP in the extramitochondrial space reduced the release of this enzyme. CONCLUSIONS: Enzyme leakage from mitochondria of myocardial cells occurs during reoxygenation, irrespective of mechanical stress, and this vulnerability to oxidative stress depends on the duration of the preceding anoxic period or the concentration of cytosolic ATP.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1993

[Clinical study on postoperative infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus after gastrointestinal surgery].

We studied 308 postoperative infections (216 patients) after gastrointestinal surgery during 1987-1991, to elucidate the incidence of postoperative infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and its correlation to clinical background factors. Results were as follows: (1) MRSAs were isolated from 25.9% out of 216 patients or 22.4% out of 308 infections. (2) The isolation rate of MRSA was significantly high in infectious enterocolitis (64.7%, p < 0.001), intraabdominal infections (52.5%, p < 0.001) and respiratory tract infections (35.3%, p < 0.05). On the other hand, it was significantly low in bacteremias (9.28%, p < 0.001), wound infections (13.6%, p < 0.05) and urinary tract infections (3.33%, p < 0.05). (3) MRSAs were found more frequently in male (p < 0.05), younger patients (p < 0.05) and patients with malignant disease (p < 0.10). Whereas no difference was recognized between patients with or without complication. (4) The isolation rate of MRSA by the kind of antibiotics used after surgery, was 0% (0/20, the 1st generation cephems), 17.2% (10/58, the 2nd generation cephems) and 54.5% (48/88, the 3rd generation cephems). Significant differences were found among each group (p < 0.05, p < 0.001). (5) During 1990-1991 when the 1st generation cephems were used frequently, MRSAs were found significantly lower in frequency than during 1987-1989 (p < 0.05). Especially a marked decrease in the rate of MRSA (51.4% to 8.33%, p < 0.05) was seen among patients after upper gastrointestinal surgery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Epidemiological evaluation of colonic diverticulosis and dietary fiber in Japan.

The incidence of colonic diverticulosis was examined in 5 hospitals geographically isolated from each other in Japan during the period between mid '70s and 1986. The incidence rapidly increased in all hospitals from 3.5-9.0% in mid '70s and 8.4-23.2% in 1986. The ratio of right-sided type colonic diverticulosis was approximately 70-80% in each hospital and the ratio did not fluctuate significantly during the period. Birth cohort analysis revealed that although the incidence of right-sided diverticula had increased with aging, in groups born in more recent decades right-sided diverticula appeared in younger age than other groups. It was suggested that environmental factors rather than congenital factors may cause the increase of the incidence of right-sided colon diverticula.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Captopril reduces graft coronary artery disease in a rat heterotopic transplant model.

BACKGROUND: Transplant coronary artery disease (CAD) is characterized by severe myointimal proliferation causing vascular stenosis. Nontransplant vascular injury models have shown that angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors reduce myointimal proliferation and preserve lumen integrity. We examined the effect of the ACE inhibitor captopril on graft CAD in a Lewis to F344 rat heterotopic cardiac transplantation model. METHODS AND RESULTS: Twenty-five control rats (group 1) were observed without captopril administration after heterotopic cardiac transplantation, and the other 19 rats (group 2) were administered captopril (50 mg/kg per day in drinking water) after heart transplantation. Graft survival 3 months after transplantation was significantly (P < .02) higher in group 2 (18 of 19, 95%) than that in group 1 (16 of 25, 64%). Cellular rejection grades of the heart allografts were significantly higher in group 1 than those in group 2 both at 3 months (grades, 2.5 +/- 0.4 vs 1.3 +/- 0.7; P < .01) and 6 months (grades, 2.4 +/- 0.9 vs 0.8 +/- 0.5; P < .05) after transplantation. The grades of graft CAD (vascular rejection) were also significantly higher in group 1 than those in group 2 both at 3 months (grades, 2.3 +/- 0.7 vs 0.9 +/- 0.9; P < .05) and 6 months (grades, 3.0 +/- 0.9 vs 0.9 +/- 0.3; P < .01) after transplantation. The cardiac allographs in group 2 showed minimal intimal proliferation, intact elastic laminae, and reduced smooth muscle cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the ACE inhibitor captopril may be effective in prevention of accelerated graft CAD.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Hemophilia A complicated with hepatocellular carcinoma].

A 60-year-old hemophiliac man complaining of abdominal discomfort was admitted on suspicion of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by ultrasonography (US). When he was 22-year-old, blood transfusion was given for intra-abdominal hematoma due to an external wound and a diagnosis of moderate hemophilia A and non-A non-B type chronic hepatitis (later, C type chronic hepatitis) was made at the age of 40. After admission, HCC in the S6 segment of the liver was diagnosed by US, computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and angiography. He was treated with transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) and partial resection of the liver. Later, percutaneous ethanol injection therapy and TAE was performed because of the recurrence of HCC. He is now alive with no evidence of recurrence. The rate of infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) is significantly high in hemophiliacs but, because of the replacement therapy, their life expectation has dramatically improved in last two decades. Therefore, it is speculated that the incidence of HCC in hemophiliacs will increase. We emphasize that regular US examination for HCV-positive hemophiliacs is important for the early detection of HCC.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1992

Non-prostanoid thromboxane A2 receptor antagonists with a dibenzoxepin ring system. 1.

A series of 11-[[2-[(arylsulfonyl)amino]ethyl]thio]-6,11- dihydrodibenz[b,e]oxepin-2-carboxylic acids and related derivatives were synthesized. The compounds were tested for their antagonizing effects on guinea pig platelet TXA2/PGH2 receptors. Structure-activity relationships are discussed. (+/-)-11-[[2-[(Styrylsulfonyl)amino]ethyl]-thio]-6,11- dihydrodibenz[b,e]oxepin-2-carboxylic acid (41) and (+/-)-11-[[2-[(phenylsulfonyl)amino]ethyl]thio]-6,11- dihydrodibenz[b,e]thiepin-2-carboxylic acid (4af) were the most promising compounds with K(i) values of 6.5 +/- 0.29 and 3.7 +/- 0.31 nM, respectively, for the TXA2/PGH2 receptor. These compounds also significantly inhibited U-46619-induced guinea pig platelet aggregation ex vivo (10 mg/kg po). Compound 41 was resolved into its optically active form. The (-)-isomer was 60-fold more potent than the (+)-isomer in the TXA2/PGH2 receptor binding assay. Some compounds tested in this study showed both TXA2/PGH2 receptor antagonizing and TXA2 synthase inhibitory effects.

Animals↗