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Biomedical subjects

H Takaki

Publications and source records attributed to H Takaki.

87 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Comparative study of prophylactic antibiotics in cardiac surgery. Clindamycin versus cephalothin.

A randomized, prospective study of the relative effectiveness of clindamycin versus cephalothin was performed in 263 adult patients having cardiac surgery from September, 1977, to August, 1978. There were no statistically significant differences in frequency of postoperative infections in these two antibiotic groups. Wound infection developed in 6.5 percent of the cephalothin group and 3.2 percent of the clindamycin group. Urinary tract infection developed in 5.6 percent of the clindamycin group and 2.1 percent of the cephalothin group. Four bacteremic episodes occurred in the clindamycin-treated patients, and one episode of bacteremia occurred in a cephalothin-treated patient. No cases of endocarditis occurred during the study. Clindamycin deserved consideration as an alternative prophylactic agent to cephalothin for cardiac surgery.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1976

A case of rhabdomyoma in infancy.

A case of cardiac rhabdomyoma was presented. She was diagnosed as intraatrial tumor by cardiac catheterization and angiocardiography at 7 months of age. Two months later, she was undergone open heart surgery, which revealed larger rhabdomyoma in the left atrium obstructing the mitral valve.

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Adrenal nonhyperfunctioning adenoma and nonadenoma: CT attenuation value as discriminative index.

BACKGROUND: When an asymptomatic adrenal mass is incidentally discovered on abdominal CT scans, the distinction between a nonhyperfunctioning adenoma and a nonadenoma would be important. METHODS: We evaluated the CT findings of 36 adrenal masses (14 nonhyperfunctioning adenomas, 22 nonadenomas) in 34 patients with no evidence of hormonal hypersecretion. CT attenuation values of adrenal masses on CT scans were calculated by setting a circular region of interest as large as possible in the center of each adrenal mass. RESULTS: Below 20 HU in CT attenuation values, all adrenal masses, except one case of ganglioneuroma with myxomatous change, were nonhyperfunctioning adenomas. With an arbitrary threshold of 20 HU, the sensitivity of CT attenuation values in distinguishing nonhyperfunctioning adenomas from nonadenomas was 64%, the specificity was 95%, and the accuracy was 83%. When decreasing the threshold to 15 HU, the sensitivity was 64%, the specificity was 100%, and the accuracy was 86%. The CT attenuation value on noncontrast CT was more useful for making this distinction than the size and interior homogeneity. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that an asymptomatic adrenal mass with homogeneous low attenuation (< or = 15 HU) and less than or equal to 4 cm indicates a nonhyperfunctioning adenoma, and no further examinations are necessary. CT attenuation value on non-contrast CT is the most important discriminatory factor.

Adenoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CT and MR findings of torsion of greater omentum: a case report.

We report a case of torsion of the greater omentum, which occurred in a 39-year-old man with an adhesive inguinal hernia. Preoperative computed tomography and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging showed a characteristic whirling fatty mass occupying the middle and lower abdomen anteriorly. MR imaging also showed difference of intensities in the twisted omentum, suggesting the presence of the pathological conditions of edema or congestion.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intraarterial infusion of cisplatin with and without preoperative concurrent radiation for urinary bladder cancer: a preliminary report.

We evaluated the clinical efficacy of treating urinary bladder cancer by intraarterial infusion of cisplatin using an implanted reservoir with and without preoperative concurrent radiation. No previous reports have compared the results obtained by these two methods of treatment. Twenty-three patients with bladder cancer were treated by intraarterial infusion of cisplatin using an implanted reservoir with (n = 13) and without (n = 10) concurrent radiation. The cisplatin plus radiation group received intraarterial cisplatin at a total dose of 200-400 mg and concurrent radiation to a total dose to 30 Gy. The cisplatin group received intraarterial cisplatin at a total dose of 100-600 mg. In the cisplatin plus radiation group, the overall tumor response rate was 92%. Seven of 13 (53%) patients obtained complete response (CR), and the 2-year actuarial survival rate was 92%. Only one of the seven complete responders has had a local recurrence. In the cisplatin group, the overall tumor response rate was 90%. Four of 10 (40%) patients obtained CR, and median survival was 8 months. Three of the four complete responders have had local recurrence. There was no significant difference between these two groups in the frequency of side effects. Concurrent radiation therapy with intraarterial cisplatin resulted in a very low rate of recurrence of bladder cancer compared with intraarterial cisplatin therapy alone. This method was useful for urinary bladder cancer and may become the treatment of choice for this type of cancer.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A case of cerebral air embolism predominant in the left cerebral hemisphere following subclavian catheterization.

We report a case of cerebral air embolism caused by right subclavian vein catheterization. A large amount of air was seen only over the left cerebral hemisphere on computed tomographic (CT) scans. Although neurological deficit was observed bilaterally at the onset, the degree of ischemic brain damage was far greater in the left cerebral hemisphere than in the right. This unusual left-sided predominancy of cerebral air embolism was presumably due to the tortuosity of the ascending aorta.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Persistent common bile duct hematoma caused by a small cancer: case report.

We report a case in which an intrabiliary duct hematoma secondary to a coexisting smaller choledochal cancer was observed for more than a month. Initial noncontrast enhanced X-ray computed tomography (CT) showed the hematoma as a high-attenuation mass, leading to the preoperative diagnosis of choledochal stone or calcified tumor.

Aged↗