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H Takada

Publications and source records attributed to H Takada.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Effect of anti-allergic agents on chemotaxis of neutrophils by stimulation of chemotactic factor released from hepatocytes exposed to ethanol.

In an attempt to clarify a mechanism of neutrophil infiltration in the liver of alcoholics and possible therapeutic effect of antiallergic agents on accumulation of these cells in the liver, we investigated chemotaxis of neutrophils by stimulation of a chemotactic factor released from rat hepatocytes exposed to ethanol. When hepatocytes were incubated with more than 30 mM ethanol for 24 hr, chemotactic activity for both rat and human neutrophils was demonstrated in the conditioned medium. An enhanced chemotactic activity of the conditioned medium was reduced in the presence of antibody against KC/gro protein, one of the interleukin-8-related cytokines in rodents. Antiallergic agents such as azelastine or ketotifen at a concentration of > 0.01 microM markedly reduced chemotaxis of neutrophils. Prednisolone at a concentration of > 10 microM also reduced chemotaxis of neutrophils. These results suggest that neutrophil accumulation in the liver of human alcoholics could be induced by a chemotactic factor produced by the ethanol-treated hepatocytes and that antiallergic agents could be effective against the extent of alcoholic hepatitis by reducing chemotaxis of neutrophils.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Modulation of ischemia-reperfusion-induced hepatic injury by Kupffer cells.

To elucidate the role of Kupffer cells in ischemia-reperfusion-induced hepatic injury, hepatic injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion was analyzed after modulation of Kupffer cell function. Ischemia of the liver was performed by occlusion of both the portal vein and hepatic artery, which enter into the left lateral and median lobes of the liver. Blood flow in the ischemic lobe was reduced, in contrast to an increased blood flow in the nonischemic lobe during occlusion of the veins. Although hepatocyte damage was not demonstrated by ischemia for < 60 min, hepatic injury was found after reperfusion of the liver, and activation of Kupffer cells was morphologically demonstrated by electron microscopies. Suppression of Kupffer cells, induced by previous administration of gadolinium chloride or latex particles, reduced the grade of hepatic injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion. On the other hand, stimulation of Kupffer cell phagocytosis, induced by administration of latex particles at the time of reperfusion, aggravated the ischemia-reperfusion-induced hepatotoxicity, which was then reduced by simultaneous administration of superoxide dismutase. Kupffer cells, isolated from the rats treated with the ischemia-reperfusion procedure, have been found to release increased amounts of oxygen radical intermediates. These results suggest that hepatic injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion is modulated by the function of Kupffer cells and that superoxide anion released from Kupffer cells could play an important role in ischemia-reperfusion hepatic injury.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Serial MRI in infantile bilateral striatal necrosis.

A 3-year-old girl with left hemiparesis suffered from bilateral paresis, motor rigidity, gait disturbance, axial hypotonia, dysarthria, apathy, and incontinence. After steroid therapy, mild improvement occurred, but muscle weakness, gait disturbance, and rigidity remained. Leigh encephalopathy was excluded on the basis of muscle biopsy and laboratory findings. Computed tomography and serial magnetic resonance imaging at an early stage revealed right-sided dominant lesions in the putamen and caudate nucleus and later bilateral striatal lesions, appearing as hyperintense signals on T2-weighted images and mixtures of hypo- and hyperintense signals on T1-weighted images. This is the first demonstration of serial magnetic resonance imaging findings in infantile bilateral striatal necrosis.

Basal Ganglia Diseases↗
PubMed1994

Construction and characterization of chimeric enzyme consisting of an amino-terminal domain of phenylalanine dehydrogenase and a carboxy-terminal domain of leucine dehydrogenase.

Phenylalanine dehydrogenase of Thermoactinomyces intermedius acts preferentially on L-phenylalanine and L-tyrosine, whereas leucine dehydrogenase of Bacillus stearothermophilus acts almost exclusively on L-leucine and some other branched-chain L-amino acids. The two enzymes share a sequence similarity (47%). Aiming at elucidation of the mechanism of substrate recognition by the two amino acid dehydrogenases, we have genetically constructed a chimeric enzyme consisting of an N-terminal domain of phenylalanine dehydrogenase containing the substrate-binding region and a C-terminal domain of leucine dehydrogenase containing the NAD(+)-binding region. The chimeric enzyme purified to homogeneity acted on phenylalanine with a specific activity of 6% of that of the parental phenylalanine dehydrogenase and showed a broad substrate specificity in the oxidative deamination, like phenylalanine dehydrogenase. However, it acted much more effectively than phenylalanine dehydrogenase on isoleucine and valine. Its Km values for L-phenylalanine and L-leucine were similar to those of phenylalanine dehydrogenase. The substrate specificity of the chimeric enzyme in the reductive amination was an admixture of those of the two parent enzymes. These results suggest that the two domains of phenylalanine dehydrogenase and leucine dehydrogenase probably can fold independently. Accordingly, their chimera forms a new active enzyme which consists of their N- and C-terminal domains containing the substrate- and coenzyme-binding regions, respectively. However, the two domains of chimeric enzyme interact and communicate with each other to form a new active site and consistently show the new substrate specificity.

Amino Acid Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1994

The augmented rectal bladder for urinary diversion: experience with the original valved rectum and a valve-less modification.

Kock's augmented and valved rectum was created in 10 patients following total cystectomy. During an observation period of up to 46 months, 4 patients died (1 from a recurrence of cancer, 1 from multiple organ failure subsequent to diabetes mellitus, 1 from coronary insufficiency, and 1 from cerebral hemorrhage). Post-operative complications included valve failure in 1, hydronephrosis in 2, and mild nocturnal urinary incontinence in another. Hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis was particularly notable in the cases without an intussuceptive valve of the rectum. Their base excess ranged from -6.9 to -15.0 mM/l but the condition was satisfactorily controlled by oral administration of alkaline agents. Although the present method has a number of shortcomings, the absence of a stoma and elimination of the need for self-catheterization are outstanding benefits. For these reasons, we believe that it is an effective option for urinary diversion.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Guinea pigs prepared with various bacteria and their components to induce a necrotic reaction provoked with muramyldipeptide.

Guinea pigs were given a preparatory injection of heat-killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a water-in-mineral oil emulsion into the footpads. A provocative injection of muramyldipeptide given 3-8 weeks later into the flanks, caused severe inflammation, with hemorrhage and necrosis and necrosis at the footpads. In this study, we determined the features of the preparatory injection required to prepare the necrotic reaction. Most mycobacteria-related and Gram-negative bacteria were capable of preparing guinea pigs for the necrotic reaction upon provocative injection with muramyldipeptide, whereas Gram-positive bacteria did not. Boivin- and Morrison-type lipopolysaccharides, which have a high content of bacterial protein, induced the susceptibility, whereas Westphal-type lipopolysaccharide, which has a low level of the protein, did not. Moreover, the latter adjuvant-active lipopolysaccharide and muramyldipeptide together with ovalbumin also exerted the activity. The development of delayed-type hypersensitivity to the protein antigen seemed to be important for inducing the necrotic reaction. Mice, rats, rabbits and monkeys were injected in the same way as the guinea pigs. The necrotic reaction occurred in the flanks of the monkeys, but not in the other animals. A similar necrotic reaction also occurred in the flanks of guinea pigs given live BCG cells in phosphate-buffered saline as well as the heat-killed M. tuberculosis in water-in-mineral oil emulsion upon provocative injection with muramyldipeptide. These findings suggested that the induction is associated with the development of delayed-type hypersensitivity to the protein antigen administered in the preparatory injection [corrected].

Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine↗
PubMed1994

Immunobiological activities of a 55-kilodalton cell surface protein of Prevotella intermedia ATCC 25611.

A protein was extracted from whole cells of Prevotella intermedia ATCC 25611 with sodium lauroylsarcosine and purified by chromatography on a DEAE-Sepharose fast-flow column. The The apparent molecular weight of the protein was 55,000. A mouse polyclonal antibody specific for the protein recognized the cell surface structure of P. intermedia and also reacted with proteins in lysates of other black-pigmented anaerobic bacteria, such as Porphyromonas endodontalis and Prevotella melaninogenica, but not with those in lysates of Porphyromonas gingivalis or with the purified fimbriae of P. gingivalis 381. The N-terminal sequence of the 55-kDa protein showed only low homology with the cell surface proteins of any black-pigmented bacteria reported to date. The level of immunoglobulin G antibody to the antigen was higher in the sera of patients with periodontitis than in the sera of healthy volunteers. The protein induced interleukin-1 alpha, -1 beta, -6, and -8 and tumor necrosis factor alpha in human peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures and interleukin-1 beta and -6 in human umbilical vascular endothelial cell and gingival fibroblast cultures. The protein induced interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha activities in peritoneal macrophages from C3H/HeJ as well as from C3H/HeN mice and also induced cytokine activities in the sera of both strains of mice primed with muramyldipeptide.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Correlation of somatosensory central conduction time with height.

To study the correlation between somatosensory central conduction time (CCT) and the subject's height, we recorded somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) from the neck and scalp elicited by median nerve stimulation in 72 normal young adults. We determined the CCT in each subject from peak-to-peak and onset-to-onset measurements. The mean value for the onset CCT was 6.2 +/- 0.4 msec and for the peak CCT, 5.7 +/- 0.5 msec. The peak CCT was significantly shorter but showed a wide range. There was a significant correlation between the onset CCT, but not the peak CCT, and height. Our findings confirm that the length of the central somatosensory pathway is proportional to the subject's height and indicate that the "conventional" peak CCT measurement of median nerve SEPs is inadequate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Pharmacokinetics of propranolol used for suppressing tachycardia in hyperthyroidism.

The aim of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics of propranolol in patients with hyperthyroidism, and its effect on heart rate (HR) using 24 hour-ECG monitoring. Subjects included 9 patients with hyperthyroidism (group H) and 9 euthyroid patients with hypertension selected as the control group (group C). All patients took propranolol at a dosage of 10 mg, 3 times a day for 7 days. Plasma propranolol concentrations were measured on the 7th day of its administration by the HPLC method. Twenty-four hour-ECG monitoring was recorded twice before and after treatment with propranolol. The mean reduction in the minimum HR was 10.7 +/- 3.6 (11.9 +/- 3.6%) in group H and 5.0 +/- 1.6 (9.5 +/- 3.0%) bpm in group C. That in the average HR was 12.2 +/- 3.7 (11.3 +/- 3.1%) in group H and 9.2 +/- 2.2 bpm (13.7 +/- 3.2%) in group C. That in the maximum HR was 16.9 +/- 5.2 (10.9 +/- 3.1%) in group H and 24.4 +/- 2.4 bpm (21.9 +/- 2.1%) in group C. The peak concentration of propranolol in plasma was 10.8 +/- 2.4 ng/ml in group H and 55.3 +/- 14.3 ng/ml in group C (p < 0.01). There was a linear correlation between the reduction in the hourly maximum heart rate and the peak plasma propranolol concentration in group H. Cardiovascular manifestations in hyperthyroid patients were related to sympathetic hypersensitivity and their improvement was not fully obtained by small doses of propranolol.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Malignant pleural mesothelioma presenting as achalasia.

A 65-year-old man with an occupational history of asbestos exposure developed dysphagia and vomiting. Clinical examinations at onset revealed a dilated esophagus with smooth narrowing at the gastroesophageal junction and no apparent tumor in and around the esophagus. Achalasia was suspected. Dysphagia progressed gradually and examinations performed three months after the onset disclosed a tumor in the pleural and the peritoneal cavities. At laparotomy, the tumor extended from the pleural cavity into the peritoneal cavity. Histological examination of the biopsied specimen demonstrated malignant mesothelioma. We report the first case of malignant pleural mesothelioma presenting as achalasia.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[A case of ischemic colitis due to polyarteritis nodosa].

A 78-year-old female was admitted to our hospital with acute abdomen (abdominal pain and bloody stool). Abdominal examination revealed mild rebound tenderness on the right side. The laboratory data revealed severe inflammation (WBC: 33100/microliters, CRP:35.5 mg/dl). Panperitonitis was suspected because of diffuse and severe abdominal pain and rebound tenderness on the next day. X-ray examination by gastrografin showed mucosal irregularity and tubular narrowing of the tubular narrowing of the ascending colon which indicated ischemic colitis, and an emergency operation was performed. Histological examination of the pathologic specimens revealed fibrinoid necrosis and destruction of the internal lamina in small and medium-size arteries. We report a case diagnosed as ischemic colitis due to polyarteritis nodosa by the findings of its pathologic specimens.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Rectocele].

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Female↗
PubMed1994

[Rectocele].

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Female↗
PubMed1994

Decrease in spermidine content during logarithmic phase of cell growth delays spore formation of Bacillus subtilis.

Bacillus subtilis 168M contained a large amount of spermidine during the logarithmic phase of growth, but the amount decreased drastically during the stationary phase. The extracts, prepared from B. subtilis cells harvested in the logarithmic phase, contained activity of arginine decarboxylase (ADC) rather than the activity of ornithine decarboxylase. In the presence of alpha-difluoromethylarginine (DFMA), a specific and irreversible inhibitor of ADC, the amount of spermidine in B. subtilis during the logarithmic phase decreased to about 25% of the control cells. Under these conditions, spore formation of B. subtilis 168M delayed greatly without significant inhibition of cell growth. The decrease in spermidine content in the logarithmic phase rather than in the stationary phase was involved in the delay of sporulation. Electron microscopy of cells at 24 hrs. of culture confirmed the delay of spore formation by the decrease of spermidine content. Furthermore, the delay of sporulation was negated by the addition of spermidine. These data suggest that a large amount of spermidine existing during the logarithmic phase plays an important role in the sporulation of B. subtilis.

Arginine↗
PubMed1994

Analysis of the role of natural killer cells in Listeria monocytogenes infection: relation between natural killer cells and T-cell receptor gamma delta T cells in the host defence mechanism at the early stage of infection.

We have reported that T cells bearing T-cell receptors (TcR) of gamma delta type (gamma delta T cells) appear in the peritoneal cavity in a relatively early stage of primary intraperitoneal (i.p.) Listeria monocytogenes infection, and play a significant role against the infection. To elucidate the protective role of natural killer cells which also appear in the early stage of L. monocytogenes infection, mice were treated with anti-NK1.1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) to deplete NK cells before the infection. They exhibited accelerated clearance of L. monocytogenes, accompanied by enhanced induction of gamma delta T cells in the peritoneal cavity compared with non-treated mice. When the mice were depleted of gamma delta T cells by in vivo administration of anti-TcR gamma delta mAb, the bacterial burdens of organs from infected mice were not affected by NK cell depletion. These results suggest that, although NK cells increase significantly during the early stage of L. monocytogenes infection, they do not take part in the early host resistance against i.p. L. monocytogenes infection. It is also suggested that increased gamma delta T cells in the peritoneal cavity of NK cell-depleted mice can be one of the factors responsible for the enhanced clearance of L. monocytogenes in the early stage of infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Conditions and roles of nurse's care for patients treated in nosocomial infections].

The important task in this problem is to lay the main rules for work with patients who are treated for nosocomial infection. Each one of the medical staff, who are in contact with the infected patient, must be informed about these rules and strictly use these rules in his own work. It is important to determine the strict schedule of each medical activity and care for patient and insist on strict observance of this schedule. We recognize that this is very important because the patient is undergoing special care, we have to try to take his mental and psychical status on consideration. From this point of view it is important considerate approach to the patient. It is essential to monitor and collect all laboratory results and also other informations about the patient. We need these informations not only for appropriate maintenance of the patient, but also for preventing the spread of the infection. For improving the quality of care for the patient it is supposed that it is very necessary to have in the department a special person-probably specially trained nurse-who will maintain the countermeasure, the collection and analysis of the laboratory results. It is also important to accomplish this kind of service 24 hours per day. . Of course it is clear that the use of specially trained nurses and the use of only disposable materials in the care of the patient is very costly, but we can expect economic effects in the decrease of occurrence and spread of infections diseases in our department and our hospital.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Bedding and Linens↗
PubMed1994

[Clinical evaluation on renal pelvic and ureteral tumors].

We report 82 patients with renal pelvic and ureteral tumors admitted to Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto Second Red Cross Hospital and Shakai-Hoken Kyoto Hospital between January, 1981 and December, 1991. Sixty two were males and 24 were females, and they were between 47 and 93 years old (average: 68.2 years). The tumor occurred on the right side in 34 patients, on the left side in 51 patients and on both sides in one patient. There were 43 renal pelvic tumors, 37 ureteral tumors and 6 renal pelvic with ureteral tumors. The most frequent symptom was macrohematuria, which was seen in 54 patients (62.8%). Urinary cytology was performed in 76 patients and a positive result was obtained in 44 patients (57.9%). We performed surgical treatment on 71 patients. The most frequently adopted method was total nephroureterectomy with partial cystectomy which was performed on 51 patients (71.8%). Of the 73 specimens diagnosed histopathologically, 71 specimens were transitional cell carcinoma (TCC), one was a squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and one was a mixed type of TCC and adenocarcinoma. As to grading, 6 specimens were G1, 28 G2, 38 G3 and one GX. As to staging, 8 specimens were pTa, 17 pT1, 21 pT2, 18 pT3, 8 pT4 and one pTX. The overall survival rate (by Kaplan-Meier's method) at 3 and 5 years was 47.0% and 39.5%, respectively. The patients with high grade tumors and those who had ureter preservation, the survival rate was lower than in the other patients.

Aged↗