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Biomedical subjects

H Takabatake

Publications and source records attributed to H Takabatake.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Three cases of resected primary mediastinal yolk sac tumor following six courses of bleomycin, etoposide and cisplatin (BEP) combination chemotherapy].

We experienced three cases of primary mediastinal yolk sac tumor which were resected after 6 courses of BEP chemotherapy with G-CSF support. All cases had high levels of AFP. CT scan revealed an anterior mediastinal tumor infiltrating the surrounding tissue in all cases, and multiple pulmonary nodules in one case. The serum AFP level decreased markedly, but did not return to normal after the chemotherapy was completed. The markedly decreased mediastinal tumor masses were removed with en-bloc resection of the lung and pericardium. Viable tumor cells were not present in the resected tumors. These three cases remain free of disease at present, 3 years, 9 months and 5 months after operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Idiotypic diversity and variable region gene usage by mouse anti-HLA-DQ3 mAb.

The anti-HLA-DQ3 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) KS13, SO1, SO2, SO3, SO4, and SO5 recognize spatially close but distinct antigenic determinants, since they crossinhibit each other in their binding to HLA-DQ3 antigens, but do not share idiotopes recognized in their antigen combining site by syngeneic and anti-id antisera and mAb. Furthermore, mAb SO1, SO3, SO4, and SO5 react also with HLA-DQ allospecificities other than HLA-DQ3. Sequence analysis of the heavy (VH) and light (VL) chain variable region of the six mAb revealed preferential usage of VH 36-60 and VK 12/13 gene families. However, the individual VH and VL germline gene usage by the six mAb is diverse and the utilization of D, JH, and JL gene segments is heterogeneous. The diverse usage of VH and VL gene segments and heterogeneous amino acid sequences of VH and VL CDR, together with the heterogeneous idiotypic profile, may reflect the complexity of the determinants recognized by the six mAb on HLA-DQ3 antigens. The results we have presented provide for the first time information about the structural basis of the diversity of antibodies recognizing human histocompatibility antigens.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

[Digital analysis of pulmonary nodules--potential usefulness of computer-aided diagnosis for differentiation of benign from malignant nodules].

Digital analysis of 80 plain chest radiographs was done to differentiate benign from malignant pulmonary nodules. Each of 80 radiographs had a solitary pulmonary nodule, of which 40 were benign and the other 40 were malignant. Radiographic features of nodules were visually evaluated. Frequencies of the radiographic features described below were significantly different between benign and malignant nodules: irregular shape, vague density, well-defined contour, spicular formation, and vascular convergene. To digitally evaluate the density characteristics, two kinds of concentric circular windows were used, to allow analysis of intra-nodular, marginal and surrounding regions of the nodules. Seventeen digital parameters were obtained by computerized analysis with the windows. There were significant differences in six digital parameters; three of density gradient (one of intra-nodular and two of marginal regions), one DCF-N (directional contrast filter for nodule) output of intra-nodular region, and two of density entropy values of intra-nodular and surrounding regions. Density gradient parameters of marginal regions are believed to represent the features of nodular shape and spicula formation. With these six parameters, 70% of benign nodules and 85% of malignant nodules were correctly discriminated. These results suggest that computer-aided diagnosis may be used to differentiate benign from malignant nodules.

Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted↗
PubMed1995

[Pilot study of irinotecan in refractory small cell lung cancer].

Sixteen patients with refractory small cell lung cancer (SCLC) were treated with an irinotecan starting dose of 100 mg/m2 given as a 90-minute iv infusion every week with subsequent doses based on toxicity. Mean age was 64 years; 14 male and 2 female; 4 with limited disease and 12 with extensive disease; all patients pretreated with combination chemotherapy containing etoposide. The overall response rate was 50% (95% CI 25-75%) with no CR and 8 PR. The median duration of response was 46 days. Major toxicities were leukopenia, diarrhea and pulmonary toxicity. Irinotecan was thus an effective agent in refractory SCLC.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[A pilot study of combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, chronic daily dosing of oral etoposide for patients with SCLC ineligible for intensive chemotherapy].

Twenty-two patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) ineligible for intensive chemotherapy were treated with a combination of cyclophosphamide 800 mg/m2 iv day 1, adriamycin iv 40 mg/m2 day 1, and oral etoposide 40 mg/m2 once daily day 1-21. The overall response rate was 72.7% with 2 complete and 14 partial responders. The median survival time was 272 days in LD and 231 days in ED. The side effects were acceptable but not as mild as expected.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1994

Structural profile of idiotype, anti-idiotype and anti-anti-idiotype monoclonal antibodies in the HLA-DQ3 antigenic system.

Interest in the characterization of idiotype cascades in the HLA antigenic system has been stimulated by their potential role in the immune response to mismatched HLA allospecificities and in the survival of kidney allografts. Since no information is available about the structural organization of idiotypic cascades in the HLA system, we have sequenced the variable regions of the heavy (VH) and light (VL) chains of mouse anti-HLA-DQ3 monoclonal antibody (mAb) KS13 elicited by cell membrane-bound antigens, of syngeneic anti-HLA-DQ3 mAb S2B154 elicited by anti-idiotypic (anti-id) mAb K03-34 and of five syngeneic anti-id mAb elicited by mAb KS13. mAb KS13 and S2B154, which have been previously shown to be very similar in their specificity and idiotypic profile, share several structural characteristics. Their VH and VL regions are encoded by the same VH, VK and JH genes, display relatively similar V(D)J rearrangements and differ only through a few amino acid substitutions. Among the five anti-id mAb elicited by mAb KS13, mAb R1-38 and R18-9 utilize multiple genetic elements that are different from those used by anti-id mAb KO3-34, K03-256 and K03-335. These results indicate that diverse V region combinations can confer an anti-id specificity in the antigenic system analyzed. mAb K03-34, K03-256 and K03-335 originate from the same B cell clone, since they use the same V, D and J genes and possess identical V(D)J rearrangements. The latter three anti-id mAb differ only by point mutations, which have dramatic effects on the HLA-DQ3 antigen mimicry properties of the three anti-id mAb. mAb K03-34 is the only one to induce anti-HLA-DQ3 antibodies both in syngeneic and xenogeneic hosts. The antigen mimicry properties of anti-id mAb K03-34 depend upon its three-dimensional conformation, since no significant amino acid sequence homology has been found between its VH and VL regions and alpha 1 and beta 1 domains of HLA-DQ3 antigens.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

[Infection rate of Chlamydia trachomatis in sexual partners from pregnant women with Chlamydia trachomatis infection].

We investigated the infection rate of Chlamydia trachomatis in sexual partners who had pregnant wives with C. trachomatis diagnosed by means of serum-antibody test (Ipazyme) or antigen test (Chlamydiazyme, IDEIA-chlamydia). Antibody-positive rate was 60.4% (90/149 cases), and antigen-positive rate was 7.4% 11/149 cases). All cases with Chlamydial antigen had anti-Chlamydial antibody. Eleven cases with Chlamydial antigen had no symptom of urethritis. Among these cases, eight cases had abnormal laboratory findings. However, the other three cases who had no abnormal finding were careers of C. trachomatis. In this study, sexual partners who had Chlamydial antigen were few, however, those who had anti-chlamydial antibody were many. Therefore, C. trachomatis will disseminate among many families as a latent infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Personal computer-based interpretation experiment system for digital chest images].

We have developed a system of nodule detection interpretation experiment on personal computers. This system is composed of three subsystems: practice, experiment and check modes. In the practice and experiment modes, chest radiographic images, each with or without a nodule, are shown in a random order on the monitor. The reader is then asked to point a location of nodule and to give a confidence rating. In the check mode, a subsystem shows locations of the real nodules and false positive foci on a figure of a chest radiograph. It also shows receiver operating characteristics of each reader. This system can precisely and easily perform an interpretation experiment. Then reader performance in detection of nodules can be accurately and promptly evaluated. This system, therefore, is very useful to perform a large-scale interpretation experiment in a constant reading condition.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

Soluble HLA class I antigens in sera of patients with chronic hepatitis.

Soluble HLA Class I antigens in sera (serum-HLA Class I, s-HLA Class I) of patients with chronic hepatitis (CH) were measured with an enzyme-linked double determinant immunoassay (E-DDIA). The mean titers of s-HLA Class I antigens of patients with CPH (mean +/- standard deviation, 2.22 +/- 1.60), CAH2A (2.24 +/- 1.65) or CAH2B (2.73 +/- 1.46) were significantly higher than that of normal subjects (0.36 +/- 0.27) (P less than 0.01). The titer of s-HLA Class I correlated significantly with the level of serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (s-GPT) (r = 0.73), and weakly with serum level of beta 2-microglobulin (r = 0.43). In patients with chronic hepatitis type B (CH-B) treated with human lymphoblastoid interferon alpha (IFN-alpha), the titer of s-HLA Class I antigens increased. The increased level of s-HLA Class I antigens in the clinical course of chronic hepatitis may be caused by their release from necrotizing hepatocytes which have acquired the expression of HLA Class I antigens on the cell-surface membrane during viral infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[A case of influenza B viral bronchopneumonia followed by CT].

A 69-year-old male with bronchial asthma was admitted to a hospital with fever, dyspnea, and productive cough. Arterial blood gas analysis revealed sever hypoxemia (PaO2 54.8 torr, PaCO2 28.8 torr). Chest roentgenogram showed diffuse reticulonodular shadows predominantly in the upper filed and a small amount of bilateral pleural effusion. CT image of the lung showed nodular opacities at the peripheral branches of the pulmonary arteries and bronchi, some of which had become confluent. The bronchoarterial bundle had become thicker compared with a CT taken 18 months before this admission. Three days treatment with antibiotics and gamma globulin did not change the symptoms or radiologic findings. After commencing methylprednisolone therapy, the pneumonia showed rapid improvement. Based upon the significant elevation of serum influenza B (B/Singapore/79) virus antibody titer, the patient was diagnosed as having influenza B viral bronchopneumonia. Twenty-three days after initiation of steroid therapy, slight nodular opacities were observed on CT. This finding suggests that bronchiolitis has a relatively prolonged course in influenza viral bronchopneumonia.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Promotion of spheroid assembly of adult rat hepatocytes by some factor(s) present in the initial 6-hour conditioned medium of the primary culture.

Adult rat hepatocytes are capable of assembling to form floating multicellular spheroids (spheroids) in a dish with a positively charged surface in primary culture. In this report we show that the conditioned medium of the early time period of the culture exhibited biologically defined activity that promoted the assembly of isolated hepatocytes to floating spheroid. This activity was present only in the initial 6-hour conditioned medium; it was highest in the initial 2 h of culture and gradually decreased over 6 h and was not detected thereafter for 7 days. The conditioned medium appeared to inhibit the disintegration of spheroids that occurred during transfer to a new positively charged dish in the presence of either new or conditioned medium collected after day 4. Furthermore, disintegrated spheroids again assembled to form floating spheroid in the presence of the conditioned medium. Since the activity present in the conditioned medium was linearly dose-responsive to the inoculated viable cell number but not to that of dead cells, some factors responsible for the activity were probably produced by the viable cells during only a short time in culture.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Sequence variations in the envelope protein of the hepatitis C virus: comparison with partial cDNA sequence of a new variant virus obtained by the polymerase chain reaction.

It has been reported that the envelope region located at the 3' portion of the structural protein coding region is one of the most variable regions at both nucleotide and amino acid sequence levels in the hepatitis C virus (HCV) genome. We cloned HCV cDNA fragments of an envelope protein coding region (HCVNK), which were derived from serum of a Japanese patient with hepatocellular carcinoma and were amplified by polymerase chain reaction. After determining the nucleotide sequence, deduced amino acid sequence of the envelope protein region was compared with those of six HCV strains already published (HCJ1, HCVUS, HCJ4, HCVJH, HCVJ and HCVBK). Homology analysis among the strains revealed that the seven strains were classified into two subtypes; a US subtype (HCJ1 and HCVUS) and a Japanese subtype (HCJ4, HCVJH, HCVJ, HCVBK and HCVNK), since percentage homologies between two subtypes (70.3-77.3%) were significantly lower than those within each subtype (83.9-93.5%). Detailed analysis of the amino acid sequences also indicates that the region at aa246-aa258, tentatively named intersubtype variable region-1, may distinguish the US subtype from the Japanese subtype.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Encapsulated multicellular spheroids of rat hepatocytes produce albumin and urea in a spouted bed circulating culture system.

Multicellular spheroids are spherical cell-aggregates that retain tridimensional architecture and tissue-specific functions. For use of multicellular spheroids of hepatocytes in a bioreactor for hybrid artificial liver support, we studied the effect of encapsulation and circulating culture on their integrity and tissue-specific functions. Multicellular spheroids of rat hepatocytes were encapsulated into microdroplets of calcium alginate gel and were used as a bioreactor in medium circulating in a spouted bed chamber. Approximately 10% of the hepatocytes of an adult rat were entrapped in a bioreactor chamber, connected to a gas exchanger and a medium reservoir. The total bed volume of the system was 250 ml. The pH and DO2 of the hormonally defined circulating medium was maintained constantly. Albumin and urea were produced in a linear fashion for 64 h at the rates of 0.02 micrograms/microgram cell protein/day and 0.15-0.2 ng/micrograms cell protein/day, respectively. Viability and structural stability of the spheroids were well preserved after the culture period. These results indicate that these encapsulated multicellular hepatocyte spheroids will provide a useful bioreactor for the continuous production of albumin, in vitro and also a prototype hybrid artificial liver support.

Albumins↗
PubMed1988

Changes in cardiac performance after dialysis in patients with chronic renal failure.

The effect of hemodialysis on left ventricular performance in 10 uremic patients was studied utilizing echocardiography. Left ventricular function curves constructed by a lower body negative pressure method were compared before and after dialysis. Although hemodialysis caused a decrease in the stroke volume index at rest from 55 +/- 17 to 50 +/- 20 ml/m2, the left ventricular function curve did not show any detectable shift. Thus, it is concluded that a decrease in stroke volume secondary to dialysis is attributable to the reduction in preload, rather than to changes in the contractile state of the left ventricle.

Adult↗