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Biomedical subjects

H Taguchi

Publications and source records attributed to H Taguchi.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Effects of long-term treatment with ethanol on the ultrastructure of the golden hamster parathyroid gland.

The ultrastructure of the parathyroid gland in golden hamsters after long-term treatment with ethanol was studied. Male hamsters of experimental groups were given ethanol at the concentration of 7% for 3 and 5 months with food and water freely available. In the ethanol-treated hamsters, the Golgi complexes associated with many prosecretory granules were well developed and many secretory granules were located near the plasma membrane as compared with those of the control animals. Exocytotic events were observed in 5-month-treated animals. These findings suggest that the secretory activity of the parathyroid gland is stimulated after long-term treatment with ethanol.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

In situ detection of Aspergillus 18S ribosomal RNA in invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.

OBJECTS: We attempted to evaluate the usefulness of in situ hybridization (ISH) in the specific diagnosis of Aspergillus pulmonary infection. METHODS: We used an ISH technique using a multiple digoxigenin-incorporating probe, which was constructed by means of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from the 18S ribosomal RNA of Aspergillus fumigatus. MATERIALS: We studied twelve formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded lung tissue sections from autopsy-confirmed invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) (5 acute myelocytic leukemias, 2 acute lymphocytic leukemias, 2 chronic myelocytic leukemias, 1 adult T-cell leukemia, 1 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and 1 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.), and 18 sections from other pulmonary infections as control. RESULTS: ISH using the probe and a low-viscosity hybridization buffer solution (LV) positively stained hyphal elements in 12 of 12 autopsy lung tissue specimens from subjects with IPA, while ISH using the probe and a high viscosity hybridization buffer solution (HV) positively stained the hyphal elements in 6 of 12. Specifically, ISH (LV) demonstrates hyphal elements of Aspergillus spp. in the center of Aspergillus abscess. While, ISH (HV) can detect hyphal elements located in the periphery of a suppurative abscess as well as those in the blood vessel. Conversely, ISH did not show positive results for any of the autopsy tissue specimens from subjects with other fungal pneumonia infections (Candida n=5, Mucor n=2, Cryptococcus n=2, and Pseudallescheria n=1), Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (n=5), and cytomegalovirus pneumonia (n=3). Dual staining by means of ISH and immunohistochemistry (IHC) using anti-neutrophil elastase (NE) and anti-CD68 monoclonal antibodies showed that NE positive cells were localized at the edge of the radial growth of the organism, but CD68 positive cells were located around the center of the abscess. The accumulation of NE positive cells was rarely seen in half of the cases (6/12). In contrast, CD68 positive cells were routinely present in the center of the abscess (12/12). CONCLUSION: ISH in conjunction with IHC is a useful tool for differentiating Aspergillus spp. from other fungal genera in tissue sections from patients with IPA and may have a certain role in the evaluation of the interactions between organisms and recruiting inflammatory cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Cranionavigator combining a high-speed drill and a navigation system for skull base surgery--technical note.

Drilling of the skull base bone without damaging the important inside structures and with the correct orientation is very difficult even with the help of the anatomical landmarks. Monitoring of the location and direction of the drill tip and indications of the removed part of the bone during the drilling procedure enhances safety and achieves less invasive neurosurgery. We have developed a novel cranionavigator by combining a high-speed drill with a neurosurgical navigation system. To reduce the positional error to less than 1.5 mm, the position sensor (magnetic field sensor) must be attached 5 cm from the metallic fan portion of the drill and the sensor kept at least 10 cm away from the operating microscope. Simulation studies with the cranionavigator using two dried skulls and three cadaver heads were performed before clinical application. Clinically, this surgical instrument was used in four patients with the skull base tumor. The cranionavigator helped to safely drill the skull base bone in a shorter time by dynamic and real-time display of the precise operating site and extent of bone drilling on the preoperative computed tomography scans or magnetic resonance images. The cranionavigator is a very helpful instrument for skull base surgery in the hands of neurosurgeons with extensive expertise and anatomical knowledge.

Craniotomy↗
PubMed1999

Postpartum dissecting aneurysm of the superior cerebellar artery--case report.

A 37-year-old female with toxemia of pregnancy suffered sudden headache and loss of consciousness on the day following a cesarean delivery. Computed tomography revealed subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Vertebral angiography revealed a fusiform dilatation near the origin of the right superior cerebellar artery (SCA) with distal luminal narrowing. She underwent surgery within 24 hours of the ictus. A SAH clot was carefully removed from the prepontine cistern, and subadventitial discoloration was seen in the wall of the right SCA just distal to the aneurysmal protuberance (rupture site). The dissecting aneurysm was treated with body clipping by directly clipping the rupture site and with additional wrapping of the proximal SCA, including the aneurysmal protuberance and discolored site. The postoperative clinical course was uneventful. Postoperative angiography revealed complete obliteration of the aneurysm and patency of the SCA. Therapeutic intervention should be considered for patients with ruptured dissecting aneurysm who present with recurrent SAH.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Dural sinus thrombosis in a patient with protein S deficiency--case report.

A 23-year-old female presented with dural sinus thrombosis caused by protein S deficiency. She suffered superior sagittal sinus thrombosis 6 days after delivering her first child. Past history showed deep vein thrombosis at the age of 20. While conservative management was initiated because of the potential risk of increasing intracranial hemorrhage, several hours later she deteriorated rapidly because of severe brain swelling with massive hemorrhage. The patient died despite surgical decompression. Autopsy disclosed organized thrombus in the superior sagittal and transverse sinuses. Although the total concentration of protein S was normal, the free protein S concentration and protein S activity were decreased. Protein S deficiency is a rare cause of dural sinus thrombosis, but is associated with a high mortality rate, so accurate diagnosis and urgent intervention are required.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Macrophages in the hamster parathyroid gland: immunohistochemical and ultrastructural investigations.

The distribution and morphology of the parathyroid macrophages in golden hamsters from neonatal to senile periods were investigated using the monoclonal antibody to ED2 and electron microscopy. The results showed that definite ED2-positive cells were hardly detectable in the parathyroid gland of 1-day-old hamsters. A few ED2-positive cells could be identified in the parathyroid gland of 10-day-old hamsters. The ED2-positive cells were more densely and became conspicuous in 1-, 3-, and 12-month-old hamsters. The number of the cells seems to be increased with aging. Ultrastructurally, we did not find any macrophages in parathyroid glands of 1-day-old hamsters. In the 10-day-old hamster parathyroid gland, a few macrophages existed only in the interstitial tissues. In the parathyroid gland of 1-, 3-, and 12-month-old hamsters, many macrophages were found in the perivascular regions, some cells located among the parenchymal chief cells with no obvious vascular association. These cells showed some physical contacts with chief cells. These results suggest that the parathyroid macrophages exhibit dramatical changes in their distribution and morphology from neonatal to senile periods.

Aging↗
PubMed1999

[Cerebral metastasis from a renal cell carcinoma more than 10 years after nephrectomy: report of two cases].

The authors report two cases with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) metastatic to the brain more than 10 years after nephrectomy. Case 1: An eighty-six-year-old female, on whom nephrectomy had been performed 12 years before, complained of alexia. Computed tomography (CT) revealed ring enhancement in the left temporoparietal region. Total removal of the brain tumor and irradiation of 18 Gy during surgery was performed. Histological examination showed metastatic brain tumor from RCC. The postoperative course was excellent. In the postoperative examination lung metastasis was found. Case 2: A sixty-seven-year-old male, on whom nephrectomy had been performed 15 years before, presented with right hemiparesis, aphasia and convulsion. CT showed two enhanced lesions, one of which accompanied with a hematoma in the left frontal lobe. Chest X-ray showed a coin lesion in the right lower lobe. Total removal of brain tumors was performed and 18 Gy irradiation was administered during surgery. Histological study revealed RCC. However, 3 months after surgery, a new lesion was recognized in the opposite hemisphere. The long interval of latency may be attributed to the slow-growing characteristic of renal cell carcinoma and the fact that renal cell carcinoma is under the influence of host immunity. Surgical treatment is recommended for patients who develop a solitary metastatic lesion or in whom other lesions are controlled and remain in a stable condition.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

[Adult T-cell leukemia].

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Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1999

[A case of recurrent-rupture dermoid cyst].

A 58-year-old man was seen because of general convulsions. The neurological findings were normal at his first visit, but CT revealed a low density mass in the right hypothalamus with calcification. T1-weighted image revealed multiple high intensity lesions in the subarachnoid space. Only anti-epileptic drugs were prescribed. He was readmitted one year later because of a traffic accident due to convulsions. CT and MRI revealed other new lesions in the bilateral anterior horn. After four uneventful years, follow-up CT revealed a dilation of the third ventricle. MRI using the fat suppression method showed enhancement around the main tumor and the wall of the lateral ventricles and stenosis of the aqueduct. Right frontotemporal craniotomy was performed. Thickening of the arachnoids and floating lipid droplets were seen in the sub-arachnoid space. A yellowish tumor was found in the suprasellar region, adhering to the internal carotid artery. The tumor contained soft yellowish tissue and hair. Only partial removal was carried out because of severe adhesion to perforators. The lamina terminalis was opened after tumor removal. The postoperative course was uneventful except for transient diabetes insipidus.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1999

Defective human T-lymphotrophic virus type I provirus in T-cell prolymphocytic leukaemia.

T-cell prolymphocytic leukaemia (T-PLL) is a rare form of post-thymic T-cell neoplasm, the aetiology of which remains unknown. We examined human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) provirus in five HTLV-I/II seronegative patients with T-PLL. Southern blotting did not show monoclonal integration of the HTLV-I genome in any of the DNA samples. However, two of the five DNA samples contained an HTLV-I tax sequence. Other sets of oligonucleotide primers for HTLV-I gag, pol, env and LTR regions were all negative. HTLV-I tax gene expression and p40tax antibody were not detected in samples from cases with HTLV-I tax sequence. Our findings suggest that there may be alternative mechanisms involved in HTLV-associated leukaemogenesis, in which HTLV-I genome insertion triggers T-PLL but the deletion of various regions of the integrated provirus subsequently prevents active replication and the expression of the virus.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Clinicopathological and morphometrical analysis of 5 cases from 4 families of fibronectin glomerulopathy].

Fibronectin glomerulopathy (FNG) is an inherited disease, characterized by massive fibronectin (FN) deposits in the glomeruli. We semiquantitatively analyzed glomerular lesions and their progression in 5 cases with FNG from 4 different families: a 4 year-old male, a 19 year-old female, a 27 year-old male, a 58 year-old male (the father of the former case) and a 75 year-old male. All subjects showed a 201 times higher value of mean glomerular-tuft area (GA) and a 2.0 times higher mean number of mesangial cells (No. of MC) relative to control (p < 0.001). Strong positive correlations were observed between GA and the No. of MC (r = 0.86, p < 0.001). The younger cases showed markedly higher value of GA and No. of MC than the older cases. Mean individual capillary luminal area was decreased in all but one case and the mean total capillary luminal area, which is roughly estimated as the glomerular filtration area, was less changed compared with the control. The number of capillary loops tended to increase, indicating elongation of the capillary loops. The fractional area of FN (%FN), collagen IV (%Coll. IV) and laminin (%Lam) were high in all cases except for the first Bx in the 27 year-old case. The %FN strongly correlated with %Coll. IV and %Lam (r = 0.86, r = 0.69, p < 0.001, respectively). Serial biopsy (Bx) with a 10 year-interval was examined in the 27 year-old case and his father: GA and No. of MC were increased 1.4 and 1.9 times in the son, compared with his first Bx (p < 0.001, respectively), while no change was observed in the father. The %FN, %Coll. IV and %Lam were significantly increased in their second Bx (p < 0.001). These results suggest that 1) enlargement of the glomeruli in FNG is caused by intraglomerular accumulation of FN, Coll. IV and Lam and proliferated mesangial cells, 2) there is a strong influence from the aging factor, and 3) compensatory elongation of the loops (increase in the capillary luminal area) may maintain the glomerular filtration.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[A case of hemorrhagic non traumatic arteriovenous fistula of the scalp].

Arteriovenous malformation of the scalp in an uncommon disease and treatment for this lesion is difficult and controversial. A twenty-three-year-old male, who reported no history of head trauma, presented with spontaneous hemorrhage from the left temporal scalp. Neurologically he was normal except the tinnitus. Left external carotid angiography demonstrated arteriovenous malformation fed by the superior temporal and posterior auricular arteries. A dilated tortuous occipital artery was also recognized. The lesions were able to be surgically resected, alleviating intraoperative massive hemorrhage by proximal temporary occlusion of the external carotid artery at the left neck. Small feeding arteries from the meningeal artery which were not recognized on preoperative angiography were found at surgery. The arteriovenous fistula was successfully resected without any cosmetic problem.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Vitamins and apoptosis--induction of apoptosis in human cancer cells by nicotinic acid-related compounds].

It was found that picolinic acid, dipicolinic acid, and isonicotinamide strongly induce apoptosis in human acute myelomonocytic leukemia cells, HL-60. Cinchomeronic acid, quinolinic acid, N1-methylnicotinamide, 6-aminonicotinamide, and picolinamide were weak inducers of the apoptosis. After treatments with picolinic acid, dipicolinic acid, and isonicotinamide, apoptosis started within 4 hr and it was induced in about 50% of the cells within 8 hr. These compounds also induced apoptosis in human chronic myelogenous leukemia cells, K562 and human cervical carcinoma cells, HeLa. However, apoptosis was not induced by these three compounds in quiescent normal human lymphocytes. A wide spectrum caspase inhibitor perfectly prevented DNA fragmentation induced by these compounds. But, caspase-1 inhibitor and caspase-3 inhibitor did not block DNA fragmentation.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed1999

Reactivity of monoclonal antibody to HSP60 homologue of Helicobacter pylori with human gastric epithelial cells and induction of IL-8 from these cells by purified H. pylori HSP60.

The monoclonal antibody (mAb) designated H20, which recognizes heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) of Helicobacter pylori, was previously established; and the epitope recognized by the mAb was shown to be species-specific. Using immunohistochemical staining of six gastric biopsy specimens with the H20 mAb, gastric epithelial cells of four biopsy samples stained positively. Flow cytometric analysis showed that H20 mAb reacted with primary human gastric epithelial (PHGE) cells, though the reactivities of the mAbs were different among the PHGE cells prepared. These results indicate that the species-specific epitope recognized by H20 mAb exists on human gastric cells. In addition, affinity-purified HSP60 from H. pylori by H20 mAb induced interleukin-8 (IL-8) secretion from PHGE cells (in one of four cases). These results indicate that H. pylori HSP60 induces IL-8 secretion from human gastric cells, and the levels of IL-8 differ among the various prepared PHGE cells.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1999

Double lung cancer combined with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. A case report.

A 68-year-old woman was admitted because of two abnormal lung shadows, which later proved to be differentiated double cancer. Preoperative hematology tests showed a low platelet count and the result of bone marrow aspiration was compatible with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). A normal platelet count was once obtained by preoperative percutaneous partial splenic arterial embolization (PSE). However, as there was a tendency for the platelet count to decrease just before surgery, one shot high-dose immunoglobulin (Ig) was administered, which is thought to have a short term effect. The operation was performed successfully. After resection of lung cancer, her platelet count was maintained at around 15x10(4) mm3 without taking drugs for ITP. These findings suggest a relationship between lung cancer and ITP.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1998

Production of monoclonal antibodies neutralizing vacuolation of cultured cells by Helicobacter pylori cytotoxin.

We have succeeded in producing monoclonal antibodies which neutralize the vacuolation of rabbit kidney cells by a cytotoxin produced by Helicobacter pylori. Vacuolating activity of several H. pylori strains correlated with ELISA values using these monoclonal antibodies and culture supernatants of the strains. These results indicate that the molecules recognized by the monoclonal antibodies might be the vacuolating toxin produced by H. pylori. In addition, the sera from patients with gastritis and gastric cancer reacted strongly with the antigens captured by the monoclonal antibodies from the supernatant containing H. pylori vacuolating toxin.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Translocation (10;11)(p13;q13) and MLL gene rearrangement in a case of AML (M5a) with aggressive leukemia cutis.

A male patient with a secondary acute monocytic leukemia whose leukemia cells had a t(10;11)(p13;q13) chromosomal abnormality is described. Gene analysis disclosed that the patient's leukemia cells had MLL gene rearrangement. His leukemia cells responded poorly to chemotherapy, and the patient developed an unusual aggressive leukemia cutis. A t(10;11)(p13;q13) chromosomal abnormality that expresses MLL gene rearrangement has not been reported previously in secondary leukemia.

Aged↗