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Biomedical subjects

H Tagami

Publications and source records attributed to H Tagami.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Immunoelectron microscopic localization of fibronectin in cultured human keratinocytes.

We investigated the ultrastructural localization of fibronectin (FN) in cultured human keratinocytes using an improved method of peroxidase-immunoelectron microscopy. This method enabled us to visualize the precise localization of FN within the cells while preserving the morphology. FN was localized in the protein synthetic and secretory organelles, including the rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, multivesicular bodies and perinuclear space. It was also detected in the extracellular space, on small regions of the villous projections of cell membranes at the site of secretion and at cell-substratum contact sites. These findings confirm that human keratinocytes synthesize, secrete and deposit FN in the pericellular matrix.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1994

Long-term follow-up study of changes in lipid peroxide levels and the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in mouse skin after acute and chronic UV irradiation.

Lipid peroxide levels, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and the development of tanning in the skin of C57 BL/6 mice were assessed for long periods, from very early to late stages, after acute or chronic UVB irradiation. Acute UVB irradiation produced an increase in lipid peroxide levels that peaked 18 h after irradiation, after which the levels declined to a minimum 2-3 days after irradiation and then gradually rose to baseline. Chronic irradiation caused the lipid peroxide level to fall to a minimum at 0.5-1.0 weeks, after which it gradually returned to baseline by the third week. SOD and GSH-Px activities decreased sharply after acute irradiation, reaching a minimum 18 h after irradiation. Following chronic irradiation, these enzyme levels peaked after 0.5 weeks, and thereafter declined gradually to the original levels 3 weeks after irradiation. In contrast, catalase activity did not change significantly. Tanning began to increase at 1.5 weeks after irradiation, with an accelerated rate of increase from the third week.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas in Japan. A report of three cases and a comparison of Japanese and white patients.

BACKGROUND: In contrast to cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas (pCBCL) are rare in Japan. Thus there have been no reports in the English literature that analyze Japanese pCBCL cases in detail. OBJECTIVE: We describe three additional Japanese cases of pCBCL and review the Japanese literature to compare their clinical features and prognoses with those in cases that involve white persons. METHODS: In our three cases, we performed immunohistochemical and flow cytometric analyses to determine the phenotypes of tumor cells. Genotypic analysis was also conducted by Southern blotting. In addition, we reviewed 43 cases of pCBCL reported in Japan. RESULTS: In our three cases of pCBCL, the lack of systemic involvement indicated that they were primary cutaneous tumors. One of our cases, which had a poor prognosis, lacked both HLA-DR and CD44 phenotypes, which are usually observed in the diffuse large-cell type of pCBCL. We found three major differences between the reported Japanese cases including ours and the cases that involved white persons: (1) histologically, the diffuse type was presented in 79% of lesions of less than 12 months' duration in the Japanese cases but in only 9% of lesions in white persons; (2) chemotherapy was more frequently selected in the Japanese cases (51%), whereas radiotherapy was used more frequently in white cases (71%); and (3) the death rate from pCBCL was much higher in Japanese (16%) than in white (2%) persons. CONCLUSION: pCBCL in Japanese persons seems to be different from that in white persons in frequency, in histoarchitectural growth pattern, and in prognosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Cultured murine dermal cells can function like thymic nurse cells.

We have established a dermal fibroblast-like stromal cell line, DFB-1, and a clone, 12E2, from epidermal sheets prepared from the skin of BALB/c mouse ears by trypsin digestion. They were suggested to be fibroblasts or myofibroblasts, as 1) they were polygonal or spindle-shaped under the phase-contrast microscope, 2) they did not possess any tonofilaments or desmosomes, and 3) they did not express any marker for bone marrow-derived cells or macrophages. Interestingly, these cells showed a unique phenomenon of "pseudo-emperiporesis," which was first recognized in the interaction between thymic nurse cells and thymocytes. Namely, two T-cell clones and one T-cell hybridoma migrated beneath the cytoplasmic projections of the fibroblast-like cutaneous stromal cells in culture. Furthermore, secretion of interleukin 7 by these cells was confirmed by bioassay using an IL-7-dependent cell line and by inhibition with anti-interleukin 7 antibody, and the expression of interleukin 7 mRNA was also demonstrated in these cells by a combination of reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and Southern blot analysis. These data strongly suggest the presence of unique stromal cells even in the skin, probably at the upper dermis, which can function like the nurse cells in the thymus. These stromal cells may play a crucial role in cutaneous immunophysiology.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Verrucous carcinoma of the face with a massive neutrophil infiltrate. Analysis of leucocyte chemotactic activity in the tumour extract.

An unusual case of verrucous carcinoma of the face with a massive infiltration of neutrophils was found in a 60-year-old Japanese man who presented with a scaly, crusty tumour studded with pustules of 3 years duration on the left cheek. Histological examination showed a proliferation of deceptively benign-looking epidermal cells with an intact basement membrane, accompanied by a dermal infiltration of neutrophils and mononuclear cells and formation of microabscesses containing multinucleate giant cells, suggesting deep fungal infection or blastomycosis-like pyoderma. The lesion, however, was unresponsive to antifungal or antibacterial treatments and ultimately attained a considerable size in the following months. Based on the findings of repeat biopsy conducted 4 months later indicating further deeper invasion, a diagnosis of verrucous carcinoma of the face was made, and a total excision of the tumour and left cervical lymph node dissection were finally carried out. It can be speculated that aberrant production of leucocyte chemotactic cytokines such as interleukin-8 by dysplastic keratinocytes, subsequent neutrophil infiltration/serum permeation, generation of leucotactic anaphylatoxin C5a from serum through complement activation and of lipid chemotactic factors (leukotriene B4 and 12-hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid) by infiltrating leucocytes and/or dysplastic keratinocytes provoked the characteristic accumulation of neutrophils in the verrucous carcinoma of this case.

Carcinoma, Verrucous↗
PubMed1994

Solitary mastocytoma with massive eosinophilic infiltration.

An 11-month-old girl had a yellowish brown nodule that histologically had an unexpectedly massive infiltrate of eosinophils in the dermis. This histologic feature made determining the correct diagnosis of cutaneous solitary mastocytoma difficult until we performed specific histochemical staining for mast cells.

Cytoplasm↗
PubMed1994

Acral psoriasiform hemispherical papulosis, a new entity?

A 46-year-old patient with 'locked-in syndrome' due to brainstem infarction developed symmetrically distributed, grouped erythematous cornified hemispherical papules on the fingertips and toes in 2 years. Histologically they showed psoriasiform changes. There was no evidence of internal malignancy nor a history of special drug intake. To our knowledge, such an eruption has not been previously reported.

Erythema↗
PubMed1994

Lack of correlation between interleukin 6 and interleukin 1 levels in psoriatic lesional skin.

The histopathologic features of active psoriatic plaques are characterized by epidermal hyperplasia and the presence of inflammatory cells. Recently it has been strongly suggested that an increased local production of cytokines and growth factors by keratinocytes or by activated inflammatory infiltrates play an crucial role in the induction of these changes. Particularly keratinocytes are demonstrated to secrete several different immuno-inflammatory mediators, including interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-6 and IL-8. IL-1 induces IL-6 production in vitro, which in turn stimulates the proliferation of human keratinocytes. Although IL-1 has been reported to be reduced in samples from psoriatic lesions, enhanced immunohistochemical expression of IL-6 has been shown in psoriatic lesional skin. Thus, we designed the present study to elucidate the paradoxical situation of IL-1 and IL-6 expression in psoriatic skin lesions by directly measuring these cytokines in tissue fluids collected from suction blisters as well as in horny tissue extracts. As reported before, the levels of immunoreactive IL-1-alpha or -1 beta tended to be reduced in the scale extracts of psoriasis and related pustular dermatoses. In contrast, the levels of immunoreactive IL-6 tended to be increased, despite the presence of great variations between samples, a significant elevation being found only in the scale extracts of pustular psoriasis. Although the mean of IL-6 levels in the suction blister fluids from psoriatic involved skin was higher than those from normal or psoriatic uninvolved skin, again no statistical significance was noted. Moreover, no significant correlation was observed between the levels of immunoreactive IL-1 and IL-6 in these materials. Our direct measurements of these cytokines in lesional tissue samples do not provide evidence suggesting any close interrelationship between IL-1 and IL-6 nor provided evidence suggesting a pivotal role for IL-6 in the pathogenetic mechanism of psoriasis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Generalized normolipemic plane xanthomatosis associated with relapsing polychondritis.

Generalized normolipemic plane xanthomatosis is a rare cutaneous disorder, frequently associated with reticuloendothelial diseases and some disorders with inflammation. Relapsing polychondritis is also a rare disease that shows an association with various immune-mediated diseases. We report a case of generalized normolipemic plane xanthomatosis associated with relapsing polychondritis in a 56-year-old Japanese man. We have already reported the clinical picture of relapsing polychondritis as well as an increase in urinary glycosaminoglycans excretion in this patient. During subsequent treatment with various immunosuppressive therapy, including prednisone, methotrexate, azathioprine, or aurothiomalate, multiple elevated yellowish erythematous plaques appeared on his neck approximately 32 months after the onset of relapsing polychondritis. Histologically, these eruptions consisted of perivascular neutrophilic infiltrate with nuclear dust and multiple foam cells among collagen bundles, compatible with those of generalized normolipemic plane xanthomatosis. This combination of two rare diseases has not been reported in the literature to our knowledge.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

CD34+ spindle-shaped cells selectively disappear from the skin lesion of scleroderma.

BACKGROUND AND DESIGN: The pathogenesis of scleroderma is still unknown. Recently, it has become possible to identify different subpopulations of dermal spindle-shaped cells using anti-CD34 and anti-factor XIIIa antibodies. To elucidate whether entire populations of dermal fibroblasts or only a subpopulation of cells are involved in the fibrosis of scleroderma, we compared the staining pattern of these antibodies and antiprocollagen antibody in paraffin-embedded skin sections from the lesions of 27 patients with scleroderma and 15 patients with other collagen diseases and from normal skin of 17 subjects. Cryostat sections from both involved and uninvolved skin of four patients with scleroderma were also stained with anti-CD34, anti-factor XIIIa, and anti-proline-4-hydroxylase antibodies. RESULTS: CD34+ cells were few or absent in the lesions of scleroderma, while a number of CD34+ cells were found in the lesions of other collagen diseases and in normal skin. In contrast, large numbers of factor XIIIa-and procollagen-positive cells were noted in the lesions of scleroderma. Even in the study in which cryostat sections were used, CD34+ cells were totally absent from the lesions of scleroderma, while there were numerous proline-4-hydroxylase-positive cells. Furthermore, although detectable in the clinically uninvolved skin of these patients, CD34+ cells were less frequent and more slender than those in normal skin. CONCLUSION: Immunohistologic staining with anti-CD34 and other antibodies to dermal spindle-shaped cells demonstrated a selective disappearance of CD34+ spindle-shaped cells from the lesions of scleroderma. It suggests that CD34+ cells might be important target cells in the autoreactive phenomenon in scleroderma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

IgE-mediated hypersensitivity and contact sensitivity to multiple environmental allergens in atopic dermatitis.

BACKGROUND AND DESIGN: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic eczematous skin disease that develops in a patient with atopic diathesis, which is characterized by an increased liability to produce IgE antibodies for environmental allergens mostly derived from other living organisms. Experimentally, eczematous skin lesions cannot be induced by immediate IgE-mediated reactions alone. They are produced by cell-mediated allergic contact reactions, and recently contact sensitivity to various environmental allergens has been demonstrated in patients with AD. However, the pathologic role of IgE-mediated skin hypersensitivity or that of delayed-type hypersensitivity to various environmental allergens in AD is not fully evaluated. They have been studied separately and against only specific allergens. Thus, we performed a combined testing procedure consisting of radioallergosorbent test, prick, and scarification patch tests for eight environmental allergens in 97 Japanese adult patients with AD; 48 of them had a history of atopic respiratory diseases (ARD), whereas the remaining 49 had no history of ARD (pure AD). RESULTS: Patients with AD, particularly those with ARD (AD+ARD), showed a higher incidence of positive radioallergosorbent test and prick test results as well as patch test results against multiple environmental allergens than healthy age-matched control subjects. Among them, we found a significantly high positive correlation between radioallergosorbent test scores and patch test reactions to two allergens, Japanese cedar, and Dermatophagoides farinae allergens in patients with AD. However, the patients with AD displayed a significantly lower incidence of positive patch test reactions to Candida albicans allergen than the healthy control subjects. Patients with AD with negative C albicans patch tests tended to have higher levels of total serum IgE including anti-C albicans IgE antibody. We found negative correlations between total serum IgE levels including specific antibodies and patch test reactions to C albicans allergen. CONCLUSIONS: Except for the dissociated reactivities to C albicans allergen consisting of decreased contact sensitivity and heightened IgE response, generally both IgE-mediated skin hypersensitivity and delayed-type hypersensitivity to various environmental allergens are pronounced in patients with AD. The combined use of these in vivo and in vitro tests is useful to estimate the immunological state of patients with AD.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Quantitative measurements of water concentration of the stratum corneum in vivo by high-frequency current.

The superficial portion of the stratum corneum (SC), which is always under the influence of various exogenous factors, easily develops firm and brittle skin surface changes, whenever its hydration state is reduced or whenever there is any functionally deficient area of pathological SC that is unable to retain enough water even in the usual ambient conditions. In contrast, the deeper portion of the SC, which is always well hydrated because of its structural closeness to fully water-saturated viable epidermis, does not pose any serious problems as long as the skin is normal. Based on in vivo and in vitro measurements we have established that high-frequency conductance is a non-invasive technique which measures the hydration state of the superficial portion of the SC, the crucial part determining the physical properties of the skin surface.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1993

Interaction of cutaneous stromal cells and gamma/delta T cell receptor (TcR)-positive cells. I. V gamma 5-gamma/delta TcR+ T cells migrating from organ-cultured murine skin proliferate by co-culture with cutaneous stromal cells in the presence of interleukin-2.

It has been reported that Thy-1+CD3+CD4-CD8- cells as well as Langerhans cells migrate from organ-cultured murine skin into culture medium. We examined whether these Thy-1+ populations of migrating cells were derived from Thy-1+ dendritic epidermal T cells (Thy-1+ DEC) and found that they were Thy-1+CD3+CD4-CD8-gamma/delta TcR+ (gamma delta+T) cells but did not express V gamma 5TcR, which was used by a vast majority of Thy-1+ DEC. Recently, a unique interaction between stromal cells and lymphohemopoietic progenitors has been reported in bone marrow and thymus. In this study, we established fibroblastoid cutaneous stromal cell (CSC) lines and clones from murine skin and examined the interaction between CSC and gamma delta+T cells. When these gamma delta+T cells were co-cultured with CSC, a marked proliferation of small lymphoid cells was observed only in the presence of interleukin (IL)-2. Neither CSC alone nor IL-2 alone could induce a similar proliferation. Flow cytometry revealed that they were Thy-1+CD3+CD4-CD8-gamma/delta TcR+ but V gamma 5TcR-. Analysis of the major segments of their TcR by polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that V gamma 1, V gamma 2, V gamma 4 and all of the V delta chains from V delta 1 to V delta 7 were used without any predominant pattern. These data indicate the possible presence of gamma/delta+T cells other than V gamma 5TcR+Thy-1+ DEC in the murine skin and the unique capacity of the CSC to support the growth of these migrating gamma/delta+ T cells. The nomenclature of murine T cell receptor gamma chain is according to Reilly et al. (Nature 1986. 321:878). The relationship between the different nomenclature systems is summarized in Takagi et al. (J. Immunol. 1989. 141:2112).

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Age- and sex-dependent change in stratum corneum sphingolipids.

We measured six stratum corneum sphingolipid species (ceramides 1-6) in 26 males and 27 females, and found a significant change in their percentage composition only among female subjects of different age groups. There was a significant increase in ceramide 1 and 2 with a corresponding decrease in ceramide 3 and 6 from prepubertal age to adulthood. Thereafter the ratio of ceramide 2 to total sphingolipids decreased with age in contrast to ceramide 3 which showed an increase. Such a pattern of change in the aging population is different from that observed in scaly skin experimentally induced by tape stripping. The present results suggest a significant influence of female hormones on the composition of stratum corneum sphingolipids. Moreover, the different patterns of change in sphingolipid composition of stratum corneum lipids between scales from inflammatory skin and those from aged skin also suggest that epidermal biosynthesis of sphingolipids is influenced by epidermal proliferative activity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Histamine stimulates normal human melanocytes in vitro: one of the possible inducers of hyperpigmentation in urticaria pigmentosa.

Isolated normal human melanocytes became enlarged and more dendritic in association with an increase in the activity of tyrosinase and the amount of b-locus protein when they were cultured with 0.1-10 microM histamine in vitro. However, histamine did not exert a proliferative effect on them. The stimulatory effect of histamine was observable even 6 h after starting the treatment. This stimulation seems not to be pharmacologically mediated through histamine receptors, because it was inhibited neither by pyrilamine, a histamine H-1 antagonist, nor by cimetidine, a H-2 antagonist. Imidazole derivatives that are rapidly metabolized from histamine in vivo and in vitro also stimulated the melanocytes. We propose that high concentrations of histamine and its imidazole metabolites continuously produced in the lesions of urticaria pigmentosa are probable causative factors of its characteristic skin pigmentation.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Sialyl LewisX expression on human Langerhans cells.

Recently, it has been demonstrated that the skin-infiltrating T cells express cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen, which is the ligand of E-selectin or endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule, suggesting that cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen functions as the homing receptor of the skin infiltrating T cells. In contrast, the mechanism for the migration of Langerhans cells from the bone marrow to the skin has not been clarified. Sialyl LewisX acts as a ligand for endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule and granule membrane protein 140. We examined the expression of sialyl LewisX in epidermal dendritic cells in human skin. Two-color immunofluorescence study on an epidermal sheet revealed that human leukocyte antigen DR+ or CD1a+ epidermal dendritic cells were partially sialyl LewisX+, although all of the sialyl LewisX+ dendritic cells were human leukocyte antigen DR+ and CD1a+. Further analysis of these dendritic cells by flow cytometry demonstrated that most of the human leukocyte antigen DR+ and CD1a+ epidermal cells expressed sialyl LewisX, although the magnitude of its expression was more variable than that of CD1a expression, and that some of human leukocyte antigen DR+ cells were clearly sialyl LewisX-. Immunoperoxidase study of normal skin showed the presence of sialyl LewisX+ dendritic cells not only in the epidermis but also in the upper dermis. These data demonstrating the heterogeneity of the expression of sialyl LewisX by epidermal Langerhans cells suggest their possible relationship to the stage of maturation as well as to the migration of Langerhans cells from the bone marrow to the skin.

Flow Cytometry↗