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Biomedical subjects

H Tagami

Publications and source records attributed to H Tagami.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Eczematous drug eruption from carbamazepine: coexistence of contact and photocontact sensitivity.

We report a 46-year-old patient with an eczematous eruption on sun-exposed areas which we believe was caused by carbamazepine intake. Oral provocation with the drug produced papulo-vesicular eruptions that were greatly potentiated by long-wave ultraviolet irradiation. Positive reactions to carbamazepine were elicited by patch and photopatch tests and by lymphocyte stimulation tests 6 months after cessation of the intake of carbamazepine.

Carbamazepine↗
PubMed1989

Immunoglobulin-producing cells in plasma cell orificial mucositis.

Plasma cell orificial mucositis is a benign idiopathic condition of orificial mucous membranes characterized histologically by a dense band-like plasmacytic infiltrate. We studied 8 cases of this disease by immunohistochemical methods for subsets of immunoglobulin-producing cells. The infiltrating plasma cells were found to produce mostly IgG and IgA with the predominance of kappa chain-producing cells over lambda chain-producing cells. This polyclonal plasma cell infiltrate composed of IgG- and IgA-producing cells is in accordance with the pattern observed in the inflammatory infiltrate around certain epidermal neoplasms accompanied by the plasmacytic infiltrate, such as actinic keratosis, Bowen's disease, squamous cell carcinoma, and syringocystadenoma papilliferum.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Comparative clinical study of roxithromycin and josamycin for suppurative skin and soft tissue infections by a double-blind method].

The clinical efficacy and safety of Roxithromycin (RU 28965, RU), a new macrolide preparation, were compared with those of Josamycin (JM) in superficial suppurative skin infections. The study was designed as double-blind controlled trial with daily dosages of 300 mg in RU group and 1200 mg in JM group. A total of 209 cases (RU:105; JM:104) was analyzed and the final global improvement rating was 82.9% in the RU group and 80.8% in the JM group; there was no significant difference between the two groups. Slight adverse reactions were observed in 3.6% (4 cases) of the RU group and in 4.6% (5 cases) of the JM group. In conclusion, RU at daily doses of 300 mg is as effective as JM at daily doses of 1200 mg in superficial suppurative skin infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Cloning of the Membrane-Bound Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Gene of Acetobacter polyoxogenes and Improvement of Acetic Acid Production by Use of the Cloned Gene.

A genomic clone bank of Acetobacter polyoxogenes NBI1028 constructed in Escherichia coli by use of the expression vector pUC18 was screened with antibody raised against membrane-bound aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH; 75 kilodaltons [kDa]) from A. polyoxogenes NBI1028. A clone that synthesized a 41-kDa protein cross-reactive with anti-ALDH antibody was isolated. For cloning of the full-length ALDH structural gene, a cosmid gene bank was screened by Southern blot hybridization with the cloned DNA as a probe, and subcloning from the positive cosmid clone was performed with shuttle vector pMV24. Plasmid pAL25, containing the full-length ALDH structural gene, was isolated and expressed in both E. coli and Acetobacter aceti to produce a fused protein (78 kDa) with a short NH(2)-terminal beta-galactosidase peptide. pAL25 conferred ALDH production on a mutant of A. aceti lacking the enzyme activity. Transformation of A. aceti subsp. xylinum NBI2099 with pAL25 caused 2- and 1.4-fold increases in the production rate and in the maximum concentration of acetic acid in submerged fermentation, respectively.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1989

Psoriatic lesions do not respond to oral administration of lobenzarit disodium, an inhibitor of interleukin 1 production.

Interleukin 1 (IL-1) has been implicated in the production of characteristic changes in psoriatic lesions such as epidermal hyperproliferation and accumulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes within the epidermis. Because lobenzarit disodium, an immunomodulator, inhibits the production of IL-1 in peripheral and peritoneal macrophages, we studied the clinical effects of this compound on psoriatic lesions. A 12-week course of oral lobenzarit disodium treatment did not induce any remarkable changes in psoriasis lesions. This does not support the major pathogenic role of IL-1 in the development of psoriasis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Increased mast cell numbers in the sclerotic skin of porphyria cutanea tarda.

We quantitated numbers of mast cells in the sclerotic skin noted on the dorsa of the hands of 10 patients with porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT), and compared them with those of diffuse scleroderma and healthy controls. Mast cell counts in sclerodermoid skin of PCT patients were significantly greater than those in involved skin of 9 patients with diffuse scleroderma in its late stage and also greater than those in normal skin of 8 controls. When mast cell density was analyzed according to the depth of the dermis, an 84% increase was noted in the uppermost layer (0-0.2 mm in depth) and a 150% increase in the second uppermost layer (0.2-0.4 mm in depth) in the patients with PCT when compared with those in the corresponding sites of the controls. These results suggest a possible role of mast cells in the pathogenesis of sclerodermoid skin of PCT.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Idiopathic acquired generalized anhidrosis: electron-microscopic and immunohistochemical studies and analysis of lectin-binding pattern of the cell membrane.

Idiopathic acquired generalized anhidrosis with sudden onset is rare and its pathogenesis is not known. We report a patient with this condition, and the results of electron-microscopic and immunohistochemical studies as well as an analysis of the lectin-binding pattern of the cell membrane. Electron-microscopically, the cells of the eccrine sweat gland showed vacuolar changes. Besides their cytoplasmic changes, the results of a deficient lectin-binding pattern of the glandular cells suggest that there are disturbances in the formation of glycoproteins on their membrane.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Inflammation and immunity in dermatophytosis.

Infections by dermatophytes (dermatophytosis) naturally stimulate the immune system as in those by other microorganisms to induce various immunological phenomena. However, differing from other infections, the infecting organisms cannot become a direct target of antibody response or phagocytosis because they reside only in the barrier membrane of the body surface, i.e. in the stratum corneum. Thus, the immunity against dermatophytes is relative as compared with the absolute one noted in other infections such as measles and mumps. In dermatophytosis, a unique behavior of the epidermis as noted in contact dermatitis plays an important role in the defense against infection. Dermatitic changes induced by fungal products, particularly those due to contact sensitivity to a fungal antigen, trichophytin, enhance epidermopoiesis, which leads to increased turnover of the epidermis with their resultant elimination from the skin surface. Furthermore, the dermatophytes in the stratum corneum provoke transepidermal leukocyte chemotaxis by generating chemotactic C5a anaphylatoxin in exudating serum via alternative complement pathway activation in addition to a release of low molecular weight chemotactic factors. Such neutrophilic migration with the formation of subcorneal pustules also enhances epidermal proliferation as in psoriasis.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Assessment of the activation pathways of the complement in psoriatic patients by use of complement fragment C4d and Bb measurements.

We have measured the complement fragment C4d and Bb levels in the plasma of 51 psoriatic patients and 54 normal controls. The C4d and Bb levels were not significantly elevated in the plasma of the psoriatic patients when compared with those of controls, except in patients with more than 60% skin involvement who exhibited an increase in Bb levels. C4d levels, however, did decrease slightly after successful treatment of psoriasis. Although these results suggest that the C4d and Bb levels partly reflect the complement activation in vivo, they do not seem to be suitable parameters to clarify the mechanism of complement activation in psoriasis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Plasma concentrations of complement-modulating proteins (C1 inhibitor, C4 binding protein, factor H and factor I) in inflammatory dermatoses with special reference to psoriasis.

By using single radial immunodiffusion, plasma levels of four complement-modulating proteins, i.e. C1 inhibitor (C1INH), C4-binding protein (C4bp), factor H and factor I were measured in 42 psoriatic patients and in 60 patients with other inflammatory skin diseases in comparison with 27 normal controls. In psoriatic patients and those with related pustular dermatoses, the levels of C4bp, factor H and factor I were significantly increased. They correlated well with both extent of skin changes and disease activity. In contrast, in nonpsoriatic inflammatory dermatoses only factor H values were significantly increased in toxic erythema and factor I in atopic dermatitis. These results offer additional support for the hypothesis that the complement system is involved in psoriasis and related sterile pustular dermatoses.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Mechanisms for hyperpigmentation in postinflammatory pigmentation, urticaria pigmentosa and sunburn.

Our in vitro studies demonstrate that normal human epidermal melanocytes become swollen and more dendritic with an increase in amount of immunoreactive tyrosinase when they are cultured for several days with arachidonic acid metabolites, vitamin D3 or histamine. From these data we propose the following possible mechanisms for hyperpigmentations noted at postinflammatory sites and suntanned areas as well as at skin lesions of urticaria pigmentosa. Arachidonic acid metabolites and histamine, which are found in increased amounts in inflammatory skin, are thought to play a key role in the induction of postinflammatory hyperpigmentation. In sunburnt skin the increased proinflammatory mediators, particularly arachidonic acid metabolites, are also thought to stimulate melanocytes in the production of hyperpigmentation. Thus tanning after sun exposure may be induced not only by the effect of vitamin D3 and direct UV irradiation on the melanocytes but also by the effect of various arachidonic acid metabolites which are increased in sunburnt skin. Mast cells massively proliferate in the skin lesions of urticaria pigmentosa. Thus hyperpigmentation in the skin lesions of urticaria pigmentosa is quite likely to be induced by the chemical mediators, including histamine and leukotrienes, that are released from these cells.

Arachidonic Acids↗
PubMed1989

Lucigenin-induced chemiluminescence in human neutrophils in the process of chemotactic migration measured in a modified Boyden chamber.

To the question of whether an oxidative metabolism of neutrophils occurs in the process of chemotactic migration, we have already demonstrated that formyl-peptide and zymosan-activated serum effectively induced lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence (CL) in a specially devised Boyden chamber. In the present study we confirmed this and, furthermore, demonstrated that superoxide dismutase partially suppressed the neutrophil chemotaxis to formyl-peptide and concanavalin A, suggesting the participation of superoxide in a chemotactically migrating mechanism. However, monocyte-derived chemotactic factor did not cause any light emission, irrespective of its chemotactic activity. Based on these results, neutrophil chemotactic factors seem to be divided into two types, that is, oxidative metabolism-related and nonrelated. To the former group of chemotactic factors a premature activation of oxidative metabolism in neutrophils may start even at the initial stage of chemotaxis, and these primed cells may respond with a respiratory burst to higher concentrations of the chemoattractant itself or to other chemical mediators present at the site of inflammation.

Acridines↗
PubMed1989

In vitro induction of proliferation and differentiation of uncommitted spleen cells by epidermal cell-derived cytokines.

In this study of the hematopoietic functions of the cytokines released by the epidermal cells, we examined the effects of culture supernatants of epidermal cells and dermal cells from new born mice on uncommitted spleen cells. The epidermal cell culture supernatants (ECCS) stimulated the proliferation of nylon wool-passed I-A-spleen mononuclear cells (SC) much more vigorously than did the dermal cell culture supernatants (DCCS). The main responding cells were I-A-Thy-1-Lyt-1-Lyt-2-cells. Giemsa staining of cytocentrifuge preparations disclosed that SC cultured with ECCS or DCCS were composed of about 50% lymphoid cells, 30-40% granulocytes, 10% macrophages, and a few mast cells and megakaryocytes. Immunoperoxidase staining of the cytocentrifuge preparations showed that SC cultured with ECCS consisted of less than 10% I-A-, about 40% Thy-1+, 10-20% Lyt-1+, less than 6% Lyt-2+, 30-40% Mac-1+, 10-30% Mac-2+, 40-55% Mac-3+, and 10-20% Asialo-GM1+ cells. A double immunofluorescence study showed that 11% of Mac-1+ cells, 34% of Mac-2+ cells and 14% of Mac-3+ cells were I-A+, whereas all the I-A+ cells were either Mac-1+, Mac-2+, or Mac-3+, and that the percentage of Thy-1+ Asialo-GM1+ was less than 5%. In a panel of 3 available purified cytokines known to be secreted by keratinocytes which were used as a positive control, a similar stimulatory effect was recognized with GM-CSF and IL-3 but no such effect was found with recombinant IL-1. These data suggest that ECCS can stimulate the development of uncommitted SC into lymphocytes, different subsets of macrophages probably including Langerhans cells, granulocytes, mast cells and megakaryocytes. They constitute direct and convincing evidence indicating the combined effect of various cytokines released by epidermal cells on the proliferation and maturation of hematopoietic precursor cells into different immunocompetent cells in the skin.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Molecular analysis of the DNA segments cross-hybridizable to the tyrosinase gene in patients affected with oculocutaneous albinism.

The human tyrosinase gene is greater than 35 kb and is organized in four introns and five exons [Tomita et al. (1989) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 164, 990-996]. Using the full-length cDNA encoding human tyrosinase and its exon-specific fragments as hybridization probes, we show that overall structural organization of the tyrosinase gene is unchanged in three patients affected with tyrosinase-negative oculocutaneous albinism (OCA). Moreover, we are able to show the presence of additional DNA segments cross-hybridizable to exon 4 or exon 5 of the tyrosinase gene in the genome of three OCA patients and a healthy individual. Namely, the exon 4 specific probe detected two bands in the DNA digested with EcoRI or HindIII and the exon 5-specific probe detected two bands in the Bgl II-digested DNA, in spite of the facts that no recognition sites for these enzymes are present in each exon. We have then isolated two phage clones harboring the distinct DNA segments, hybridizable to the exon 5 probe. Southern blotting analysis of each cloned DNA digested with Bgl II showed two different hybridization patterns as those detected in genomic DNA digested with Bgl II, confirming that there are at least two DNA segments hybridizing to the exon 5 sequence in human genome.

Albinism↗
PubMed1989

Epidermodysplasia verruciformis accompanied by large granular lymphocytosis. Report of a case and immunological studies.

A 34-year-old man with epidermodysplasia verruciformis showed increased natural killer (NK) cell activity in his peripheral blood cells, which was found to be due to abnormal expansion of large granular lymphocytes (LGL). Surface marker analysis of LGL in a two-color immunofluorescence test demonstrated that all LGL subsets, Leu-7+11-, Leu-7+11+, and Leu-7-11+, were increased. In contrast, his peripheral blood mononuclear cells showed a remarkable decrease in response to T cell mitogens, which could not be restored by depletion of the LGL subpopulation from the mononuclear cells. Immunohistologic studies for dermal distribution of LGL showed numerous Leu-7+ cells but no Leu-11+ cells at the sites of delayed hypersensitivity reaction or interferon beta- or interferon gamma-injected sites. These findings suggest that the elevated NK cell activity in this patient with epidermodysplasia verruciformis was caused by overall expansion of normal LGL subpopulations, but that the decreased T-cell mitogenic response represented a primary T-cell defect rather than a direct suppression by increased NK cells. It is noteworthy that despite this extraordinary increase of all LGL subpopulations in the blood, Leu-11+ NK cells never appeared in the skin.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Incidence of skin cancer in Japanese psoriatic patients treated with either methoxsalen phototherapy, Goeckerman regimen, or both therapies. A 10-year follow-up study.

To determine the long-term cutaneous side effects of methoxsalen phototherapy (PUVA) and Goeckerman regimen, a total of 151 Japanese psoriatic patients treated with PUVA, Goeckerman regimen, or both therapies in our department from 1976 to 1986 were evaluated for skin cancers. Sixty-seven patients had been treated with PUVA, 43 with Goeckerman regimen, and 41 with both therapies. One patient alone (62-year-old man) developed squamous cell carcinoma on the leg with cumulative ultraviolet A (UVA) dose of only 51 joules/cm2, he had a history of treatment with superficial x-ray therapy to this area 30 years prior to PUVA. The cancer was detected after 1.4 years of PUVA treatment. However, other patients at follow-up, even those who had received a cumulative dose of UVA of more than 1000 joules/cm2, had no skin cancer after more than 2 years. This report in Japanese patients confirms that only previous exposure to other risk factors such as ionizing radiation appears to be a most important factor for skin cancer formation in PUVA-treated Japanese patients.

Adolescent↗