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Biomedical subjects

H Svanholm

Publications and source records attributed to H Svanholm.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

The relationship between body posture and pressure in occluded maxillary sinus of man.

One of the most common symptoms in sinusitis is pain over the infected cavity increasing when the patient is bending forward or lying down. It is commonly thought that this increase in pain is a result of increased pressure in the paranasal cavities when bending forward. In this investigation we have found that changing the body position from sitting to recumbent or even to "head between knees" gives a manometrical pressure rise in the sinus that is too small to cause a pressure-mediated pain. The pain is probably caused by a dilation in the blood vessels of the infected mucosa when the patient is bending forward or lying down.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The effect of physical work on the mucosal blood flow and gas exchange in the human maxillary sinus.

The paranasal sinuses are lined with respiratory mucosa of principally the same structure as in the nasal mucosa but somewhat thinner. This mucosa has a rich blood flow and advanced system of blood vessels regulated mostly by the autonomous nervous system but also by other factors as acid/base balance and endocrine activity. The thickness of the nasal mucosa regulates the nasal breathing resistance and varies with among other factors, body activity. In this investigation we have studied the effect of physical work on the human maxillary sinus mucosa. The investigation shows that, as in the nose, the blood flow and the pulse amplitude are considerably reduced during physical work, in situations of heavy work falling to about half of the normal level, and probably result in the redistribution of blood from the respiratory mucosa. The gas exchange in the paranasal sinus is reduced only to a small extent, the reduction being too small to change the antral gas composition towards pathological conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty in the sleep apnea syndrome. Predictors of results.

A prospective study of 34 consecutive patients with the sleep apnea syndrome was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness and complications of, and predictors of, results in a conservative type of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP). At six months, 65% of the patients had a 50% or greater reduction in the number of apneas and hypopneas per hour (responders). The responders to UPPP were less severely affected preoperatively regarding apneas and hypopneas, the mean number of which (+/- SD) were 32.7 +/- 20.8 compared with 64.6 +/- 26.0. They also had a lower body mass index before UPPP (31.3 +/- 4.1 vs 36.0 +/- 7.0 kg/m2). Preoperative computed tomography and cephalometry indicated that the nonresponders had narrower upper airways. It is concluded that UPPP is the treatment of choice for mild to moderate sleep apnea syndrome, but not for severely affected, heavily overweight patients with an increased tongue width.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Children with tonsillar obstruction: indications for and efficacy of tonsillectomy.

One hundred and twenty-two children between 1 1/2 and 14 years of age with symptoms suggesting tonsillar obstruction have been investigated. Each patient's history was analysed and the symptoms scored according to their incidence and severity. In addition, the size of the tonsils was evaluated. Eighty-five patients were chosen for tonsillectomy. The children with signs and symptoms of tonsillar obstruction improved greatly immediately after tonsillectomy. Severe symptoms of obstruction were observed in children with nearly normal tonsil size, as well as in those with very large tonsils. It is therefore just as important to obtain a careful history as it is to evaluate the size of the tonsils before deciding about surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Sleep apnea in children without hypertrophy of the tonsils.

Two 12-year-old boys with severe sleep apnea syndrome but normal-sized tonsils were satisfactorily corrected by tonsillectomy and uvulopalatopharyngoplasty. One of the boys had muscular hypotony as contributing cause of the condition. The other had mandibular hypoplasia in combination with a long soft palate. Thorough preoperative anamnesis and examination in a sleep laboratory are necessary to determine which cases will benefit from surgery in spite of normal-sized tonsils and which surgical procedure will be most helpful.

Child↗
PubMed1988

Bone formation induced in an infant by systemic prostaglandin-E2 administration.

We report a case of long-term systemic administration of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) to a newborn infant with ductus-dependent congenital heart disease. After 46 days of treatment, radiography showed cortical hyperostosis of the long bones. The child died 62 days after discontinuation of prostaglandin treatment. Histologic examination of tubular bones showed hyperostosis presumably due to prostaglandin-induced rapid formation of primitive bone. The additional finding of extensive resorption of the outer cortical surface and bone formation at the inner surface suggested a reversible phase after discontinuation of treatment.

Bone Development↗
PubMed1988

Clinical application of prostatic markers. I. Classification of prostatic tumours using immunohistochemical techniques.

Immunohistochemical techniques using antibodies to prostate specific antigen (PSA) and prostate specific acid phosphatase (PAP) have greatly increased the feasibility of reliable diagnosis of primary or metastatic prostatic carcinoma. A review of the literature showed the diagnostic specificity of antibodies to PSA or PAP to be 100% and 87-100%, respectively. The corresponding figures for diagnostic sensitivity were 94-100% and 90-100%.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1988

Keratin patterns in prostatic hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma.

Keratin patterns in benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostatic adenocarcinoma were evaluated using frozen and formalin-fixed tissue. Five different commercially available antibodies were used. In frozen tissue basal cells of benign acinic and ductal structures stained with PKE, and to a lesser degree with MCA 144, CAM 5.2 and RCK 102. Luminal cells stained with MCA 144, CAM 5.2, RCK 102 and to a lesser degree with PKE. In formalin-fixed tissue basal cells stained exclusively with Z622, predominantly with PKE and RCK 102, and to lesser degree with MCA 144 and CAM 5.2. Luminal cells stained with MCA 144 and CAM 5.2 and to some degree with PKE and RCK 102, while Z622 stained luminal cells of ductal epithelium weakly, but acinic cells not at all. Luminal phenotype dominated in prostatic adenocarcinomas which were stained with MCA 144 and CAM 5.2 irrespective of differentiation, and independently of whether frozen or formalin-fixed tissue was used. However, the different keratin phenotype of benign and malignant prostatic epithelium depends to some degree on the immunohistochemical procedures used. In diagnostic pathology Z622 may be able to separate intraluminal neoplastic lesions from invasive carcinoma, a problem particularly seen when cribriform growth pattern is found.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

Clinical application of prostatic markers. II. Circulating tumour markers in diagnosis and treatment.

Acid phosphatase in serum has been used for half a century as a circulating marker in prostatic disease. Recently new proteins have been introduced as potential markers to replace acid phosphatase. Neither acid phosphatase nor the alternative markers are of clinical value in the detection and classification of prostatic neoplasms, though they are of some value for monitoring the course of disease and its response to treatment. Important questions concerning the biology of the tumour markers in regard to site of origin, secretion and turnover remain to be answered.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1987

Tumour of female paraurethral duct. Immunohistochemical similarity with prostatic carcinoma.

A case of adenocarcinoma derived from a female paraurethral duct is described. Morphologically the tumour looked like a prostatic adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, the tumour cells stained positively with antibodies to prostatic specific antigen and prostatic specific acid phosphatase. The karyotype of the patient was 45,x/46,xx/47,xxx/46,xt(x;13)(p11;q22) demonstrating that the patient was not a hermaphrodite. The tumour therefore represented female homology of a prostatic adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Placental teratoma.

A case of placental teratoma is presented. This is a rare tumor of disputed histogenesis. Some regard it as a separate entity while others believe it represents the extreme of a fetus amorphus. The tumor is benign and of no clinical significance.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Evaluation of commercial immunoperoxidase kits for prostatic specific antigen and prostatic specific acid phosphatase.

The practical application of commercially available immunoperoxidase kits for prostatic specific antigen (PSA) and prostatic specific acid phosphatase (PSPH) were blindly evaluated on routinely formalin fixed and paraffin embedded tissue from 95 consecutive cases of prostatic carcinoma, 10 cases of metastases from prostatic carcinoma and 90 cases of primary or metastatic non prostatic carcinoma. Both Kits showed a diagnostic specificity of 100%. The diagnostic sensitivities were 94% (PSA) and 90% (PSPH) respectively, but concomitantly staining for PSA and PSPH improved the diagnostic sensitivity to 99%. Using the histologic grading system of Gleason both markers showed a tendency to less extensive staining in low differentiated prostatic carcinomas. It is concluded that both Kits are highly specific and highly sensitive, but negative reaction in medium or low differentiated adenocarcinomas does not rule out the possibility of prostatic carcinoma.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1986

Recurrent carcinoma after low anterior resection of the rectum using the EEA staple gun.

In a consecutive series of 35 patients with colorectal carcinoma, low anterior rectal resection was performed, using the EEA staple gun. After a median observation time of 28 months, 7 (20%) of the patients were found to have local recurrence of cancer. The importance of tumor growth into the nerves and/or vessels was emphasized by the significantly higher incidence of local recurrence and/or distant metastases in such patients (10/12) than in patients without this involvement (6/23). An apparently increased incidence of local recurrence after stapled rectal anastomosis and possible mechanisms are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Immunohistochemical and electron microscopic study of twelve adenomatoid tumors.

Twelve adenomatoid tumors were examined immunohistochemically with antibody probes to keratin and factor VIII-related antigen (FVIII-RA). None of the tumors labeled with FVIII-RA antibodies, whereas all but one labeled for keratin. Electron microscopy was done on tissue from paraffin-embedded blocks from all but one of the adenomatoid tumors. Both the immunohistochemical and electron microscopic results favor a mesothelial origin of adenomatoid tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Prostatic carcinoma reproducibility of histologic grading.

The inter- and intraobserver variations of the histologic grading systems of prostatic carcinoma proposed by Gleason and by Böcking et al. were tested by the authors. Both grading systems have previously been shown to have good correlation with prognosis. After studying 91 cases of prostatic carcinomas, the interobserver agreements of the Gleason pattern score and the Böcking combined grade were found to be 36% and 69% respectively. Both observers regraded 31 randomly selected prostatic carcinomas. With the Gleason pattern score intraobserver agreements of 65% and 42% were found, whereas the intraobserver agreements of the Böcking combined grade were 90% and 71% respectively. Since the percentages of inter- and intraobserver agreements were higher with the system of Böcking et al., this system is recommended prior to the system of Gleason as a means of evaluating the prognosis of patients with prostatic carcinoma.

Humans↗