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Biomedical subjects

H Suda

Publications and source records attributed to H Suda.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[2D time of flight stereoscopic MR angiography of pulmonary vessels].

Two-dimensional (2D) time-of-flight (TOF) stereoscopic MR angiographies (MRA) of the pulmonary vessels were obtained from 15 healthy volunteers and five patients with pulmonary cancer in the mediastinum and pulmonary hilum. Fifteen healthy volunteers were examined using FLASH (Fast Low Angle Shot) with breath holding (40/8/40, TR/TE/flip angle). Except for the left superior pulmonary vein, pulmonary vessels in the mediastinum and hilum were well defined on stereoscopic MRA images. Although it was difficult to define the pulmonary arteries in the peripheral zone, intersegmental veins were easily defined with this method. In five cases of pulmonary cancer that were confirmed to show definite tumor involvement of the pulmonary vessels in the mediastinum and hilum by enhanced CT and MRI (SE method), irregular narrowing and interruption of the vessels were shown on MRA. In conclusion, 2D TOF stereoscopic MRA is considered a noninvasive, effective method for evaluation of the morphology of pulmonary vessels adjacent to the tumor in the mediastinum and hilum.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

[Detection of intrahepatic lipids by 1H-MRS--studies by breath-holding & 1 cm3 VOI].

The authors performed 1H-MR spectroscopy (MRS) to depict lipids in the liver of 10 healthy volunteers. Spectra were obtained by a 1.5 T-MR unit, with STEAM from 1 x 1 x 1 cm3 VOI. Lipid peaks were depicted in 7 of the 10 volunteers by breath-holding 1H-MRS study, while in only 4 on normal breathing. The existence of lipids could not be depicted through chemical shift imaging adopting in-phase & opposed images. This suggests a clinical utility of 1H-MRS, particularly through breath-holding studies, in depicting lipids from 1 x 1 x 1 cm3 VOI in the liver in vivo.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

Effects of a newly synthesized leukotriene antagonist, NZ-107, on immediate-type hypersensitivity reaction in rats and guinea-pigs.

The effects of 4-bromo-5-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxybenzylamino)-3(2H)-pyridazinone (NZ-107) on immediate type hypersensitivity reactions in rats and guinea-pigs were studied. 1. When NZ-107, at a dose of 50 mg/kg (i.p.) or 100 mg/kg (orally), was administered to rats, 48-h homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) reaction and histamine-, leukotriene C4 (LTC4)- and leukotriene D4 (LTD4)-induced skin reactions were suppressed by the agent. 2. NZ-107 (10(-6) g/ml) inhibited both LTC4- and LTD4-induced contractions of isolated rat stomach smooth muscle. 3. NZ-107 inhibited antigen-induced histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells by 26% at a concentration of 10(-4) g/ml. 4. NZ-107, at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg (orally), significantly inhibited guinea-pig 3-h heterologous PCA reaction. 5. NZ-107 inhibited antigen-induced histamine release from guinea-pig lung tissue by 17% and 48% at concentrations of 5 x 10(-5) and 10(-4) g/ml, respectively. 6. NZ-107, at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg (i.p.), inhibited antigen-induced bronchoconstriction and eosinophil accumulation in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of guinea-pigs. These results suggest that NZ-107 has anti-allergic action including inhibition of eosinophil accumulation in an antigen-challenged airway lesion in rats and guinea-pigs. The anti-allergic action of this agent is thought to be due to its action as a histamine and LT antagonist and its consequent inhibition of antigen-induced histamine release.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

In vitro biological profile of a highly potent novel endothelin (ET) antagonist BQ-123 selective for the ETA receptor.

The novel endothelin (ET) receptor antagonists BE-18257A and BE-18257B were isolated from the fermentation products of Streptomyces misakiensis. The above-mentioned compounds inhibited [125I]ET-1 binding to ETA receptors (selective for ET-1) on porcine aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) with IC50 values of 1.4 and 0.47 microM, respectively. [125I]ET-1 binding to ETB receptors (nonselective to ET isopeptides) in cerebellar membranes was not inhibited by either of these compounds even at 100 microM. The synthesized analogue BQ-123 induced extremely potent inhibition of [125I]ET-1 binding to ETA receptors (IC50 of 7.3 nM), but it barely inhibited [125I]ET-1 binding to ETB receptors (IC50 of 18 microM) and binding of various other peptides to their receptors. BQ-123 shifted the concentration-response curve for ET-1 toward the right in porcine isolated coronary arteries, indicative of competitive antagonism for the ETA receptor. However, there was a small amount of BQ-123-insensitive vasoconstriction that paralleled the incomplete inhibition of [125I]ET-1 binding in the membrane of the vascular smooth muscle layer. These data suggest that the artery contracts via both ETA and ETB receptors and that BQ-123 selectively inhibits ETA-mediated contraction. Furthermore, BQ-123 revealed large tissue and species differences in the distribution of ETA receptors. Thus, the potent ETA antagonist BQ-123 should be useful in clarifying the (patho)physiological roles of ETA receptors.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Neonatal adrenal hemorrhage detected antenatally.

This report describes two cases of neonatal adrenal mass detected antenatally by routine ultrasound (US) examination of pregnant women. Case 1 was recognized by the fetal US at 31 weeks gestation. The mass, located near the right upper pole of the kidney, was echolucent on US examination. A serial US of the mass showed changes of the internal echoes from a cystic lesion to a mixed lesion, and finally to a hyperechogenic lesion due to a neonatal adrenal hemorrhage (NAH). At 33 days, laparotomy was performed, and the pathological finding revealed an NAH owing to the mass bleeding into the adrenal cyst. Case 2 was also detected by fetal US just before birth. The mass of the right upper pole of the kidney was hyperechogenic on US examination. The baby clinically deteriorated after birth because of hypovolemia owing to NAH. A serial US of the mass showed the change from a hyperechogenic to a cystic lesion. Four months later, the mass spontaneously resolved. From the US spectrum, the mass was diagnosed as NAH. These are the second known cases of NAH detected before birth in Japan.

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗
PubMed1992

Effect of murine recombinant interleukin-5 on the cell population in guinea-pig airways.

1. An intratracheal injection of murine recombinant interleukin 5 (mrIL-5, 2-15 microgram/0.25 ml/animal) induced a dose-dependent increase in the number of macrophages, eosinophils, neutrophils and epithelial cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of guinea-pigs 24 h after administration. Bovine serum albumin (15 micrograms/0.25 ml/animal), used as a reference material, did not cause any change of this type. 2. The intratracheal administration of mrIL-5 at a dose of 15 microgram showed a tendency to increase the number of these pulmonary inflammatory cells and epithelial cells in the BALF at 12 h with a significant increase observed at 24 h. 3. Prednisolone (20 mg kg-1, i.p.) inhibited the mrIL-5-induced increase in macrophages, eosinophils, neutrophils and epithelial cells. Ketotifen (2 mg kg-1, i.p.) reduced the mrIL-5-induced increase in the eosinophil, neutrophil and epithelial cell populations. The simultaneous injection of 2% disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) into the trachea prevented the mrIL-5-induced increase in the number of airway epithelial cells, without affecting changes in the other inflammatory leukocytes. 4. These results suggest that mrIL-5 is a potent inducer of lung inflammation, in terms of increased inflammatory leukocytes and epithelial cells in guinea-pig BALF. Prednisolone, DSCG and ketotifen are effective against mrIL-5-induced pulmonary inflammation, especially the desquamation of bronchial epithelial cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Effects of NZ-107 on bronchoconstriction in guinea pigs.

The effect of 4-bromo-5-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxybenzylamino)-3(2H)-pyridazinone (NZ-107) on bronchoconstriction in guinea pigs was studied (1). The antigen-induced bronchoconstriction was studied in guinea pigs which had been passively sensitized by intravenous injection of antiserum containing anti-benzylpenicilloyl bovine-gamma-globulin IgE antibody. The sensitized guinea pigs were divided into two groups; one group was pretreated with metyrapone (11 beta-hydroxylase inhibitor in glucocorticoid metabolism) and the other with saline. The antigen-induced bronchoconstriction in the metyrapone-treated animals was more severe than that in the saline-treated animals. The asthmatic respiratory changes, in terms of prolongation of the ratio between expiration and inspiration, was also dramatically increased. NZ-107 at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg significantly inhibited antigen-induced bronchoconstriction in both the saline-and metyrapone-treated animals. NZ-107 showed a tendency to inhibit accelerated severe asthmatic respiration more strongly in metyrapone-treated animals than in those treated with saline. Salbutamol inhibited antigen-induced bronchoconstriction in saline-treated animals, but its efficacy decreased in metyrapone-treated animals. Unlike salbutamol, prednisolone and hydrocortisone showed the reverse effect, inhibiting bronchoconstriction in metyrapone-but not in saline-treated animals. Sodium cromoglycate inhibited antigen-induced bronchoconstriction in both saline- and metyrapone-treated animals (2). When a subthreshold dose of platelet-activating factor was injected into guinea pigs, airway responsiveness against histamine was clearly increased. NZ-107 at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg i.v. inhibited PAF-induced airway hyperreactivity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Albuterol↗
PubMed1992

Effect of NZ-107, a newly synthesized pyridazinone derivative, on antigen-induced contraction of human bronchial strips and histamine release from human lung fragments or leukocytes.

The effects of a newly synthesized pyridazinone derivative, NZ-107, 4-bromo-5-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxybenzylamino)-3(2H)-pyridazinone, and two well-known antiasthmatic drugs, amlexanox (orally active disodium cromoglycate-like drug) and disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) on antigen-, histamine- and leukotriene C4 (LTC4)-induced constriction of isolated human tracheal muscle, and histamine release from human lung tissues and leukocytes were investigated in vitro. In some experiments, salbutamol was used as a reference drug. NZ-107 inhibited antigen-, histamine- and LTC4-induced contraction of tracheal muscle. Amlexanox and DSCG did not affect the contractile response of tracheal muscle caused by each stimulant. Salbutamol inhibited antigen-induced contraction of tracheal muscle. NZ-107, amlexanox, DSCG and salbutamol clearly inhibited the antigen-induced release of histamine and LTC4 from human lung tissue. The antigen-induced histamine release from atopic human leukocytes was inhibited by NZ-107 and amlexanox, but not by DSCG. Pretreatment with IL-3 did not alter antigen-induced contraction of tracheal muscle and histamine release from lung tissue, but antigen- or calcium ionophore A 23187-induced histamine release from leukocytes was clearly enhanced. Amlexanox inhibited the IL-3-induced enhancement of histamine release from leukocytes in the case of both stimuli, but NZ-107 and DSCG had no effect. These data suggest that NZ-107 has potent anti-allergic actions based on the inhibition of antigen-induced contraction of human tracheal muscle and mediator release from human lung tissue and leukocytes.

Aminopyridines↗
PubMed1992

An immunohistochemical study of the distribution of immunocompetent cells, especially macrophages and Ia antigen-expressing cells of heterogeneous populations, in normal rat molar pulp.

The precise distribution of various immunocompetent cells in rat molar pulp was immunohistochemically examined by use of seven anti-rat monoclonal antibodies. It was demonstrated that rat molar pulp contained many OX6 (anti-Ia antigen)-positive cells and a large number of ED1 (anti-monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells)-positive, ED2 (anti-tissue macrophages)-positive, and/or OX35 (anti-macrophages and CD4+ lymphocytes)-positive cells. Macrophage-like cells predominated in the central portion of the pulp, while cells of dendritic appearance usually existed in the periphery of the pulp. Double-immunoperoxidase staining revealed that these cells showed some heterogeneity, but the majority could be classified as ED1+/OX6-/ED2+ cells, which may be Ia-histiocytes. Findings also suggested that true dendritic cells may be included in the ED1+/OX6+/ED2- category of cells. A small number of T lymphocytes and plasma cells were also detected. These results suggest that the normal dental pulp contains a variety of immunocompetent cells, with macrophages as the most dominating. Following the exogenous invasion of pathogenic stimuli in the pulp, these cells may participate in the defense reaction by acting as phagocytes or antigen-presenting cells, which are essential for the initiation of immune responses.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Nagstatin, a new inhibitor of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, produced by Streptomyces amakusaensis MG846-fF3. Taxonomy, production, isolation, physico-chemical properties and biological activities.

Nagstatin, a new inhibitor of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG-ase) was discovered in the fermentation broth of Streptomyces amakusaensis MG846-fF3. It was purified by chromatography on Dowex 50W, Avicel and Sephadex LH-20 followed by the treatment of active carbon and then isolated as colorless powder. Nagstatin has the molecular formula of C12H17N3O6. It is competitive with the substrate, and the inhibition constant (Ki) was 1.7 x 10(-8) M.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1992

[Syphilitic coronary ostial obstruction and aortic regurgitation associated with advanced gastric cancer: successful 2-stage surgery].

We report a case of syphilitic coronary ostial obstruction and aortic regurgitation associated with advanced gastric cancer for which subtotal curative gastrectomy and AVR with CABG was successfully performed in a two-stage operation. A 65-year-old male was admitted complaining of tarry stool and angina. A serological test for syphilis was strongly positive and angiography demonstrated a left coronary ostial obstruction accompanied by moderate aortic regurgitation. An endoscopic examination of the stomach revealed a Borrmann type II advanced gastric cancer with active bleeding. In the first stage, a subtotal gastrectomy with wide margin was performed, under hemodynamic monitoring because of the active tumoral bleeding. After the second-stage AVR, the postoperative course was uneventful.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1992

Aortic valve replacement for Takayasu's arteritis.

We report 12 cases of aortic valve replacement performed for Takayasu's arteritis and discuss the genesis of aortic regurgitation and the clinical outcome after aortic valve replacement. This group of twelve patients who underwent aortic valve replacement between April 1982 and March 1990 included four male and eight female patients, aged 24 to 67 years (mean age 48 years). Preoperative angiography showed systemic multiple stenoocclusive or aneurysmal dilated vascular lesions in addition to aortic regurgitation. The multiple lesions included a lesion in the aortic arch branch in nine (75%), in the pulmonary artery in seven (58%), an aneurysmal dilation in the ascending aorta of more than 6 cm in four (33%), a coronary lesion in four (33%), a thoracic aortic lesion in six (50%), and a lesion in the abdominal aorta and its visceral branch in six (50%). Simple aortic valve replacement alone was performed in two patients and in combination with another operation in ten patients, with aortic root reconstruction in two, ascending aortic plication in three, coronary artery bypass grafting in two, aortic arch branch bypass grafting in one, aortic arch branch bypass grafting and coronary ostium endarterectomy in one, and mitral valve replacement and ascending aortic plication in one. There was no operative death, and only one patient died later, 18 months after the operation, because of secondary amyloidosis. The postoperative recovery of the clinical status and cardiac function was good. Intraoperative observations suggested that aortic valve regurgitation may be caused by an extension of aortitis, although histopathologic examinations of the valve showed nonspecific findings. One of the characteristic problems in Takayasu's arteritis is the necessity for prednisolone administration in some patients preoperatively or postoperatively, or both. We conclude that aortic valve replacement for patients with Takayasu's arteritis is an effective and safe treatment. Our data related to the genesis of aortic regurgitation in Takayasu's arteritis remain insufficient to draw conclusions, and further analysis is planned.

Aortic Valve↗
PubMed1992

Evaluation of the critical electron dose on the contractile activity of hydrated muscle fibers in the film-sealed environmental cell.

By using the film-sealed environmental cell (EC) having a liquid-injection function, we observed a contraction reaction of hydrated myofibrils isolated from crab muscle under the transmission electron microscope. Our purpose in this work was to evaluate the critical electron dose at which the hydrated fibers lose the contractile activity. The decision of whether the fibers contracted was done by the existence of contraction band after a contraction reaction. From the observations, it was concluded that its critical dose was 2 x 10(-4) C/cm2 or 12 electrons/nm2 at a protein level.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Active infective endocarditis with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: a case report].

This is a case report of infective endocarditis with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Open heart surgery to the patient with ITP has a problem of perioperative hemorrhage. Usually, treatment for ITP is performed before operation, and platelet transfusion is provided for hemorrhage. However, in our patient, we had to perform emergency operation because of progressive heart failure without treatment of ITP. Emergency operation should be performed without treatment of ITP, not to delay operative timing in such a case of progressive heart failure from active infective endocarditis.

Blood Component Transfusion↗
PubMed1992

[A case report of primary rhabdomyosarcoma of the heart treated with mitral valve replacement].

We report a case of rhabdomyosarcoma involving the mitral valve of a 57-year-old female. She was referred to our hospital for progressive orthopnea and edema. Chest X-ray showed marked cardiomegaly and pulmonary congestion. Echocardiogram revealed solid mass in left atrium involving the mitral valve. Emergency operation was required because of acute heart failure. At the operation, the mitral orifice was obstructed by the tumor arising from the left atrium. After partial resection of the left atrium, mitral valve replacement with a Carpentier-Edward prosthesis was performed. Subsequently microscopic examination diagnosed as rhabdomyosarcoma. She died three months after the operation of heart failure probably due to progression of the remnant of the tumor. This, to our knowledge, is the first case of mitral valve replacement for a primary rhabdomyosarcoma of the heart in Japan.

Female↗