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Biomedical subjects

H Steinberg

Publications and source records attributed to H Steinberg.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Nephrolithiasis during pregnancy secondary to primary hyperparathyroidism.

Nephrolithiasis secondary to primary hyperparathyroidism infrequently complicates pregnancy. It can cause severe maternal and fetal complications. We present a case of a pregnant woman with nephrolithiasis and primary hyperparathyroidism. We reviewed the management of nephrolithiasis due to primary hyperparathyroidism during pregnancy. We believe that early recognition and timely intervention can significantly reduce the incidence of complications.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Interstitial pneumonitis in a patient treated with alpha-interferon and ribavirin for hepatitis C infection.

Hepatitis C is a common infection with worldwide prevalence. It has a variable course and can lead to chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Until recently alpha-interferon (IFN-alpha) was the only effective treatment available. Combination therapy with IFN-alpha and ribavirin has been found to be more efficacious than IFN-alpha alone. Various side effects have been ascribed to interferon, such as arthralgias, myalgias, fatigue, and gastrointestinal and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Interstitial pneumonitis is a rare but known complication of IFN-alpha when given at a high dosage of 6 to 10 million units per day. Ribavirin is associated with dose-dependent hemolytic anemia, cough, dyspnea, rash, depression, and dyspepsia, although a potential role in interferon-induced interstitial pneumonitis has not been described. We describe a patient with an excellent clinical response of chronic hepatitis C to combination therapy with IFN-alpha at a dosage of 3 million units per day and ribavirin. The patient developed interstitial pneumonitis that resolved after discontinuation of IFN-alpha and ribavirin. Given that interstitial pneumonitis has previously been reported with high-dose IFN-alpha, this case suggests that this complication may occur with lower dosages of IFN-alpha, although a potential role for ribavirin in this disorder at present remains speculative.

Antiviral Agents↗
PubMed2001

Infestation of a bird and two cats by larvae of Plodia interpunctella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae).

The larvae of Plodia interpunctella (Hübner), commonly known as the Indian meal moth, often cause enormous losses in stored food supplies. We present three clinical case reports of accidental infestation by P. interpunctella larvae in two domestic cats and one parakeet. A larva gained entry into the avian host and subsequently migrated to the brain. It was alive, covered with "silk-like" fibers and confirmed to be a fourth instar. Plodia interpunctella larvae were excised with forceps from the subcutaneous tissues of the ear and neck of two cats in a different household. Previous reports of infestation by P. interpunctella larvae in vertebrates are unknown.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Mood change through physical exercise in nine- to ten-year-old children.

The present study assessed the effect of two types of physical exercise on the self reported mood of 64 9 and 10-yr.-old children who responded to a self-report mood meassure after two different types of aerobic exercise of 15 min., and after a 15-min. video. Significant increases in positive mood and significant decreases in negative mood were found after each exercise treatment; however, positive mood decreased and negative mood increased following the video treatment. Interestingly, no significant difference in mean mood scores was found between the two exercise treatments. These data suggest that short bouts of physical exercise have psychological benefits for children.

Affect↗
PubMed2000

Determination of mouse bladder inflammatory response to E. coli lipopolysaccharide.

Evaluation of the severity of histologic changes associated with cystitis is often subjective and inconsistent from one sample to the next. The objective of this study was to establish a consistent, reproducible method to quantify histologic changes in a mouse model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cystitis. Either LPS (n = 8) or pyrogen-free saline (n = 8) was instilled intravesically into the bladders of female C57bk-6 J mice. Twenty-four hours later, mice in these groups as well as eight untreated controls were sacrificed and bladders were removed, fixed in formalin, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). A bladder inflammatory index (BII) was described by reviewing tissues for edema, leukocyte infiltration, and hemorrhage. Cross-sections were evaluated by a single pathologist in a blinded manner based on the objective BII described. The BII method for objectively analyzing bladder inflammation was effective and reproducible. Bladders instilled with LPS had significantly increased inflammation scores for edema, leukocyte infiltration, and hemorrhage compared with those instilled with saline or untreated controls (n = 8, P < 0.05). These results demonstrate that LPS causes bladder inflammation when instilled intravesically and that inflammation of mouse bladders can be objectively quantified using the histological method described.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Distribution of neuropeptides, histamine content, and inflammatory cells in the ureter.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the anatomic distribution of select neuropeptides (neurokinin A [NKA], substance P [SP], and bradykinin [BK]), of inflammatory cells (leukocytes and mast cells), and the histamine content in the normal swine ureter and compare the findings with regions of increased ureteral contractility. METHODS: Ureters from 10 pigs were obtained and cut into eight segments, proximally to distally. A portion of each ureteral segment was suspended in Krebs buffer (37 degrees C) and attached to force displacement transducers, and spontaneous contractility was measured for 30 minutes. A second portion was assayed for histamine, NKA, SP, and BK using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A third portion was fixed in 10% buffered formalin, stained with hematoxylin-eosin, and evaluated histologically. RESULTS: Ureteral contractility was found to be highest in the most proximal and most distal regions of the ureter. Similarly, SP content was three times greater in the proximal ureter and two times greater in the distal ureter than in the midureter (P <0.05, n = 10). The total NKA and BK content were also higher in the proximal and distal ureter than in the midureter. Conversely, the histamine content was consistent throughout the ureter. Moreover, no significant difference in the distribution of inflammatory cells was identified throughout the ureter. CONCLUSIONS: The anatomic distribution of NKA, SP, and BK in the ureter corresponded to regions of increased spontaneous ureteral contractility, more specifically the proximal and distal ureter. Neuropeptides may play a significant role in ureteral contractility and may be a target for pharmacologic mediation during obstruction and stone passage.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Johann Nepomuk Czermak as a neurophysiologist in Leipzig].

Johann Nepomuk Czermak (1828-1873) gained a lasting reputation in the fields of laryngology, rhinology and dentistry. However, his works in the discipline he liked most--neurophysiology--have almost been forgotten. This paper focuses on those articles, which Czermak wrote during his last years in Leipzig (from 1869). Also it was here that he was finally able to fulfill his dream of a "spectatorium", a perfect place for both research and teaching at that time. This institution was the perfect expression of Czermak's uncompromisingly scientific approach, his views in social as well as matters of teaching. It is part of his tragedy though, that Czermak died too early in Leipzig, the place where he could finally realize many of his scientific visions, and that his inheritance was soon forgotten.

Germany↗
PubMed2000

[The 100th anniversary of Gustav Wilhelm Störring's "Lectures on Psychopathology". A review of his early years].

The aim of this essay is to retell the life and work of philosopher and psychiatrist Gustav Wilhelm Störring (1860-1946) during his early years in Leipzig and Erdmannshain. His "Lectures on Psychopathology and its Impact on Normal Psychology", written 100 years ago, are acknowledged as his most important work. With this book Störring stands in opposition to many of his contemporaries, which is illustrated with his concept of mania. In some aspects, however, his ideas coincide with those of other well-known psychiatrists such as Emil Kraepelin. Both were inclined to the idea that psychiatry and psychology could mutually stimulate each other. Störring's work in Wundt's laboratory of experimental psychology had a major impact on his work. Wundt's ideas gave impetus to a lot of his work and also influenced papers Störring was to write later on. Störring's biography is followed until 1902 when he was appointed professor of philosophy of Zurich University, in which his friend Ernst Meumann was substantially involved. In Leipzig Störring had started his work as Flechsig's assistant at the hospital of psychiatry and neurology of Leipzig University. In 1897 he founded his own sanitarium for mentally and neurologically ill in Erdmannshain, a village near Leipzig, which he managed together with his wife Marie, née Bonacker. With the help of Wundt Störring qualifies as a university lecturer. During the years regarded here, however, he got more and more attracted to philosophical matters, thus turning away from neurosciences. In time he started to regard his work as physician as nothing more than necessary for making his living. His relationship with Wundt, who together with his laboratory of experimental psychology had previously made him wish to come to Leipzig, cooled down, at least on the part of the first. That puts an end to Störring's early years not only from the point of view of his biography but also from his work.

Germany↗
PubMed2000

Disseminated T-cell lymphoma in a guinea pig with bilateral ocular involvement.

A 2-year-old female shorthair guinea pig was presented to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of Wisconsin-Madison, for evaluation of a unilateral corneal opacity of 1 week duration. Physical examination revealed a markedly thickened right cornea and lymphadenopathy of the submandibular and prescapular lymph nodes. Cytology of a lymph node aspirate was highly suggestive of lymphoma. The animal was humanely euthanized. Postmortem examination revealed a disseminated lymphadenopathy involving the submandibular, anterior cervical, prescapular, bronchial, anterior mediastinal, and mesenteric nodes, and hepatomegaly with accentuation of lobular morphology. The right cornea was dark red, dry and dull, and diffusely thickened, and the globe was exophthalmic. Microscopically, pleomorphic neoplastic lymphoblasts were present in the lymph nodes, spleen, liver, lungs, heart, rhinarium, bone marrow, and kidneys. Bilateral infiltration of the eyes by neoplastic lymphoblasts was noted, which was more extensive on the right. The neoplastic cells stained immunohistochemically as T-lymphocytes using antibodies directed against CD3 antigen.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Cholesterol granulomas in three meerkats (Suricata suricatta).

Cholesterol granulomas are uncommon pathologic lesions in animals, although they are important intracranial tumors in humans. This report describes cholesterol granulomas associated with multiple organ systems of three captive meerkats. In the most severe case, meerkat No. 1, the pathologic behavior of the cholesterol granuloma was unique in that it appeared to locally invade the cerebrum and calvarium, possibly contributing to neurological deficits observed antemortem. A review of other meerkat necropsies revealed incidental, asymptomatic cholesterol granulomas in organs of two other individuals, meerkat Nos. 2 and 3. Histologically, all lesions were composed of cholesterol clefts admixed with large, foamy macrophages containing hemosiderin, multinucleated giant cells, lymphocytes, plasma cells, and foci of mineralization. Hypercholesterolemia was documented in two of the three meerkats.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Emil Kraepelin's reviews for the "Literarische Centralblatt für Deutschland"].

For about 10 years, namely from 1882 until 1892/93 Emil Kraepelin worked as a reviewer for the "Literarische Centralblatt für Deutschland", probably the most influential review journal of that time in Germany. In these short essays their author had to state his opinion on many different topics such as anthropology, (experimental) psychology, various aspects of the history of psychiatry as well as its different schools like the so-called "psychiatry of brain" in the most succint way. Also they reveal personal feelings and opinions Kraepelin had about some of his contemporaries. Last but not least they can also demonstrate in which way his attitude towards a particular subject changed over the years. Additionally employing original letters written to the editor of the "Literarische Centralblatt" as well as other primary sources a quite clear picture of the young Kraepelin as man and scientist can be drawn. That is the objective of this paper as well as bringing those nowadays almost forgotten works, which cannot be found in any of the profound bibliographies on Kraepelin, back to the attention of the psychiatrical public.

Germany↗
PubMed2000

[Colloquial terminology in German depicting mentally ill and odd people. Etymologic-sociolinguistic review].

OBJECTIVE: This paper investigates the picture of the mentally ill in German colloquial language. METHOD: The empirically collected single words and phrases were subject to systematic semantical, linguo-historical as well as etymological investigations, the results of which were then contrasted with selected psychiatric concepts of the 18th/19th century. RESULTS: Most of the words found aim at the head or brain which are often compared with a mechanism and regarded as the actual starting point of the disease. Other terms refer to blows or other mechanical impressions as the cause of mental illnesses. There is another group of words depicting weakness or even total loss of mind. Some of the ideas expressed by the words or structures analysed coincide with concepts psychiatrists had in the past. Many of the words even had been terms in psychiatric theory before they became part of the everyday language after having been loaded with negative connotative meanings making them inappropriate for being a scientific term. Some lexemes have been taken over from other languages, above all from English. CONCLUSION: Language mirrors stigmatisation of mentally ill people by society in an extraordinarily drastic way. Thus the colloquial names for them share the same fate as the words for other--ethnic, sexual, whatsoever--minorities: by pure means of language those people are regarded as somewhat strange, not belonging, something negative one does not wish to have contact with. On the other hand however, there have always been attempts to counter this by replacing negatively connotated words by other, neutral or even positive ones. Thus was the introduction of the new word nervenkrank ("ill in the nerves", cf English brainsick) in the 19th century, making mentally ill people even to bodily ill ones, what meant an enormous enhancement in value for both the patients and the psychiatrists. Today's name Betroffene ("affect-ed") is another example for those attempts. As can be seen from the historical retrospective this had been the case in former times as well.

Germany↗
PubMed1999

[Karl Ludwig Kahlbaum--his life and work until his recognition as a psychiatrist. The occasion of the 100th anniversary of his death, April 15, 1999].

Papers by Harms [3] and Thieme [19] acknowledge Kahlbaum as a pioneer in the field of children and adolescent psychiatry as well as the work in his asylum in Görlitz, whereas Katzenstein [8] analyses his contribution to the development of psychiatry as theory. The present article is meant as a supplement to these. It is devoted to Kahlbaum's life before he became accepted as a therapist as well as scientist. As a result, first of all by having investigated his student time in Leipzig, it can prove conjectures that Kahlbaum became interested in psychiatric issues rather late. Furthermore the paper reconstructs the discussion lead around his most well-known scientific work, his nosology of 1863, and substantiates the fact that its author experienced appreciation in this particular field only decades later.

Adolescent Psychiatry↗
PubMed1999

[The "Werther effect". Historical origin and background of a phenomenon].

OBJECTIVE: Ever so often one can read about the "Werther effect" in psychiatric literature. Until now this term has not lost its imaginative power, and still has its impact as well as being the subject of controversial discussion. METHOD: In order to clarify the "Werther effect", it seemed first of all necessary to illuminate the real biographical background of Goethe's "The sorrows of young Werther" and the extraordinarily eventful history of its reception. RESULTS: This essay also cites comments on this novel made by various personalities and authorities in an attempt to provide some hints on the real impact that Goethe's novel had at its time and showing the quarrels it brought about. CONCLUSIONS: Here the author comes to the conclusion that considering the ideologies prevailing at that time (late enlightenment and sentimentalism) the dispute about Goethe's work only aims at hiding the actual discussion about the people's right of self-determination.

Germany↗
PubMed1999

[Review of developments in child and adolescents psychiatry: Paul Schroeder].

Paul Schroeder was born about 125 years ago--on May, 19th 1873. He essentially influenced the development of children's and adolescents' psychiatry. From 1925 until 1938 he was head of Leipzig psychiatric university hospital where he beside other things founded a specific "department for adolescent psychopaths". He particularly emphasized the importance of connecting the fields of psychiatry, neurology, psychology, paediatrics and educational theory. Here he also demanded to establish separate chairs for children's and adolescents' psychiatry. In 1937 he was elected president of the International society for child psychiatry.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Epizootic of paratuberculosis in farmed elk.

After multiple cases of chronic diarrhea and weight loss in a farmed elk herd, 3 yearlings and 1 adult elk with similar clinical signs were euthanatized and necropsied. Gross and histologic evidence of paratuberculosis were found in the yearlings. Evidence of serum antibody to Mycobacterium paratuberculosis was detected in the 2 elk with the most disseminated infection. Acid-fast organisms were isolated from multiple organs in all 4 elk and identified as M paratuberculosis by DNA probe. Thirty-five percent of 1 calf crop (n = 31) died or were euthanatized because of paratuberculosis before they were 2 years old. The organism was believed to have been spread by standing water that was used by calves as a wallow and a source of drinking water. The water was believed to have been contaminated by an infected adult female elk introduced to the herd just before calving season.

Animals↗