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Biomedical subjects

H Steinberg

Publications and source records attributed to H Steinberg.

192 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Quantitative ultrasonography of the liver in cats during obesity induction and dietary restriction.

A study was designed to evaluate quantitative ultrasonographic characteristics of a diffuse parenchymal disease in an experimental model of subclinical fatty infiltration of the liver using diet-induced obesity and dietary restriction in the cat. Ultrasound images of livers were quantitatively analysed by a video signal analysis technique before, during and at the end of obesity induction, and then during and following dietary restriction. Attenuation and brightness (backscatter coefficient) were correlated with hepatic lipid content obtained from the livers by surgical and ultrasound-guided percutaneous biopsy. Attenuation and backscatter increased as hepatic lipid content increased. Both attenuation and backscatter significantly correlated with the hepatic lipid content (P=0.002 and P=0.02 respectively). This model of subclinical fatty infiltration of the liver in the cat demonstrates that hepatic lipid content increases as a consequence of obesity and of severe dietary restriction. Infiltration of the liver with fat may be evaluated non-invasively using quantitative ultrasonography by the video signal analysis technique. This method of image analysis may prove useful for the evaluation of diffuse parenchymal organ disease.

Animals↗
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Sonographic renal findings in 20 dogs with leptospirosis.

Abdominal ultrasound examinations of 20 dogs with confirmed leptospirosis were reviewed retrospectively for renal abnormalities. Three dogs had a normal ultrasound examination. The remaining 17 dogs had sonographic abnormalities of the kidneys. These abnormalities, seen either alone or in combination, included renalmegaly (n=10), pyelectasia (n=9), increased cortical echogenicity (n=15), perinephric effusion (n=5), and a medullary band of increased echogenicity (n=6). At our institution, the medullary band of increased echogenicity has only been seen in dogs with leptospirosis and may therefore be a specific sonographic sign for this disease.

Animals↗
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Malignant transformation of solitary spinal osteochondroma in two mature dogs.

Canine osteochondroma is an uncommon bony tumor that arises in skeletally immature animals. Consequently, clinical signs typically occur in young dogs as a result of impingement of normal structures by the tumor. Radiographically, osteochondromas are benign in appearance. They are well circumscribed and cause no bony lysis nor periosteal proliferation. Osteochondromas may occur in two forms; solitary or multiple. Although histology and biologic behavior are identical, when in the multiple form the condition has been termed multiple cartilaginous exostoses. Malignant transformation of multiple cartilaginous exostoses has been reported in three mature dogs. We report two dogs with malignant transformation of solitary spinal osteochondromas. Both underwent transformation to osteosarcoma. Despite the benign radiographic appearance of osteochondromas and multiple cartilaginous exostoses, clinical signs should alert the clinician to the possibility of malignant transformation.

Age Factors↗
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Estimation of organ transport function for recirculating indicator dilution curves.

The transport function of an indicator through an organ allows the calculation of important physiological parameters, but its estimation, especially in the presence of recirculation, can be difficult. In this paper, we estimate the transport function of 3H-mannitol (an extracellular tracer of glucose) in the human leg skeletal muscle. To do so, an indicator bolus is administered into the femoral artery and its recirculating dilution curves are nonuniformly sampled in both the femoral artery and the femoral vein. A new deconvolution-based method is used to simultaneously estimate the indicator transport function and the organ plasma flow. Subsequently, the indicator mean transit time and distribution volume are calculated. The reliability of the method is assessed by Monte Carlo simulation. The ability to estimate parameters, like mean transit time and extracellular distribution volume, is critical to the study of pathophysiologic states such as diabetes, insulin resistance, and hypertension.

Bias↗
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Cholangiocarcinoma in a 4-month-old double yellow-cheeked Amazon parrot (Amazona autumnalis).

A cholangiocarcinoma was diagnosed in a 4-month-old double yellow-cheeked Amazon parrot (Amazona autumnalis). Histologically, neoplastic cells effaced hepatocellular architecture. Ultrastructurally, variably dilated bile ductules were lined by simple cuboidal to low columnar ciliated epithelial cells with sparse cellular organelles and prominent junctional complexes. Elongated single cilia arising from basal bodies in the apical cytoplasm were occasionally evident. The presence of such a neoplasm in a 4-month-old parrot is extremely unusual.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
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Primary glossal squamous-cell carcinoma in a Spanish Cochin hen.

A primary glossal squamous-cell carcinoma was diagnosed in an adult Spanish Cochin hen. Grossly, there was locally extensive ulceration of the tongue. Histologically, the submucosa was diffusely infiltrated by islands, nests, and fronds of variably differentiated squamous epithelial cells. Neoplastic cells extended into the underlying muscular layer and stimulated intense scirrhous and inflammatory reactions.

Animals↗
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Leiomyosarcoma of the jejunum in a budgerigar.

Exploratory abdominal surgery in a budgerigar with a history of lethargy, feather fluffing, and melena revealed a neoplastic mass associated with the jejunal muscularis. Histologically, the nonencapsulated cellular mass was composed of sheets of spindle-shaped cells with pleomorphic nuclei, numerous and bizarre mitotic figures, and admixed anaplastic sarcomatous and giant cells. Special stains confirmed the cell of origin as the leiomyocyte. These characteristics warranted a diagnosis of jejunal leiomyosarcoma, previously unreported in the budgerigar.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Osteosarcoma in an American robin (Turdus migratorius).

An osteosarcoma arising from the left hemimandible was diagnosed in an adult American robin (Turdus migratorius). Neoplastic spindle cells were observed extending away from foci of trabecular bone in dense sheets, occasionally within osteoid tissue. The variably pleomorphic spindle cells contained fibrillar, lightly basophilic cytoplasm, irregular, round to ovoid nuclei, and single or multiple small nucleoli. This is the first report of an osseous neoplasm in a wild passerine.

Animals↗