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Biomedical subjects

H Spinnler

Publications and source records attributed to H Spinnler.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Intelligence and left hemisphere disease. The role of aphasia, apraxia and size of lesion.

The Raven Progressive Matrices and four subtests of the Wechsler-Bellevue Performance Scale were given to 173 left hemisphere patients subdivided according to presence/absence, type (fluent/non-fluent) and severity (moderate/severe) of aphasia. Constructive and ideomotor apraxia scores and CT scan data of each subject entered the statistical analysis. Factors significant in producing a low score on Progressive Matrices and Wechsler-Bellevue were presence of aphasia and constructive apraxia. Site and size of lesion per se failed to account for the intelligence scores. The relationship between aphasia, apraxia, intelligence test scores, and CT scan data were discussed in an attempt to clarify the meaning of these low intelligence test scores in aphasics and to assess the underlying roles of the brain lesions in this deficit. It appears that there are a number of methodological difficulties complicating interpretation of the intellectual deficit based on the Progressive Matrices and Wechsler-Bellevue scores, since performance on these tests is adversely affected by both aphasia and apraxia.

Aphasia↗
PubMed1980

Cerebellar softening.

Twenty-one adults with acute cerebellar softening confirmed by computerized tomography (CT) were divided into two groups according to clinical course. CT findings, and outcome. In the first group, consisting of 6 patients, the condition ran a progressive course, with deterioration of consciousness, signs of brainstem compression, and the appearance of hydrocephalus on CT scan. Three patients underwent surgery successfully, 2 died postoperatively, and 1 recovered spontaneously. In the second group, comprising 15 patients, the course was benign: cerebellar symptoms and signs improved without surgery, and only discrete cerebellar signs remained a month after onset.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

The hemispheric side of neocortical damage does not affect memory for unidimensional position. An experiment wih Posner and Konick's test.

The role of neocortical areas in visuo-spatial memory was investigated by testing unilateral hemisphere-damaged patients for their ability to reproduce the position of a dot on a horizontal line after a delay. One hundred and eleven patients, divided into 4 groups on the basis of the side of damage and of the presence or absence of visual field defects, and 56 controls were tested. There were 2 sets of experimental conditions: (i) a free delay condition of 0, 20 or 180 sec., and (ii) a 20 sec. delay condition filled with 2 kinds of interpolated perceptual activity. Forgetting was significantly affected by presence of hemisphere damage, but not by the side and the intrahemispheric locus of lesion. It was concluded that the memory ability involved by this task is not related to the functioning of a specific cortical area.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Is ideomotor apraxia the outcome of damage to well-defined regions of the left hemisphere? Neuropsychological study of CAT correlation.

A CAT scan was recorded from 123 patients with left hemisphere damage from stroke. They were divided into four groups according to presence or absence of ideomotor apraxia and length of illness (15 to 90 days and over 90 days). The lesions were mapped and compared in the four experimental groups for anteroposterior dimension, lesion depth--deep-seated lesions deing separated from lesions with a superficial component--and position with respect to the Sylvian fissure for lesions encroaching on the surface. In the anteroposterior dimension there is no material difference in the distribution of the lesions with respect to length of illness. Moreover, any difference is hardly detectable between the profiles for patients with and without ideomotor apraxia except for the higher frequency of deep lesions in the non-apraxic group. The same holds true for "small" lesions.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Amnesic syndrome after carbon monoxide poisoning. A case report.

A patient is described who after a carbon monoxide poisoning presented an amnesic syndrome. The neuropsychological investigation suggests that carbon monoxide amnesia shares common features with hippocampal amnesia, namely a discrepancy between a normal Short-Term Memory (STM) and a hampered Long-Term Memory (LTM). CT findings in our patient showed both widespread and focal areas of demyelination. The correlation between neuropsychological data and CT findings are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Association of glycerol to dexamethasone in treatment of stroke patients.

A prospective study of 93 acute stroke patients randomly selected by type of antiedema treatment given (hypertonic glicerol infusion plus dexamethasone versus dexamethasone alone) failed to elicit any statistically significant difference between the two treatments on survival rates and quality of survival 7 and 30 days after the stroke.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Direction of spatial error in the copying of visual stimuli: the relevance of focal brain damage.

Hemisphere-damaged patients and control subjects were tested by copying visual stimuli from a large display. The vertical and horizontal components of the errors and the overall accuracy were analysed with the following results: (i) all the subjects displaced downward in the left half of the display and upward in the right half, except for the left hemisphere-damaged patients with visual field defect, (ii) both left and right hemisphere-damaged patients with visual field defect displaced the copied point toward the damaged hemisphere, and generally were inaccurate only in the half of the copying set opposite to the damage hemisphere, without asymmetry between the effect of left and right posterior lesion except for the presence of unilateral neglect only among subjects with right hemisphere lesions.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

A preliminary experiment on long-term memory with realistic and abstract visual patterns in uniltateral focal hemisphere-damaged patients.

Sixty-seven focal hemisphere-damaged patients (38 to the left hemisphere and 29 to the right hemisphere) were tested for forgetting of realistic and abstract visual patterns over a 40-sec to 5-min interval by means of a recognition task. No forgetting took place in any group, even if abstract patterns proved to be poorly recognized both at 40 sec and at 5 min. The authors conclude that focal neocortical unilateral lesions do not significantly hamper the semantic code processes involved in the Long-Term Memory of the patterns employed in this experiment.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Do focal neocortical lesions hamper short-term recognition of visual spatial patterns?

A hundred and forty-three patients with focal - mainly neocortical - hemiphere-damage (subdivided in 4 groups according to the side of the damaged hemisphere and the presence/absence of visual field defect) and 70 controls, were given a 20-sec delay recognition test of complex spatial visual patterns. There was one free delay condition and two conditions with interference from visual material of either similar or quite dissimilar patterns to that of memoranda. The results provided by two co-variance analyses are: (i) the comparison of the hemisphere-damaged groups with controls show a significant memory decay of both right groups only when there was perceptual interference from similar patterns; (ii) the comparisons between hemisphere-damaged groups fail to elicit any significant difference in the three memory conditions. There appears to be no specific neocortical area involved in the first steps of memory processing of spatial informations and the interference engendered by interpolated perceptual activity is material-specific.

Adult↗