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Biomedical subjects

H Sobel

Publications and source records attributed to H Sobel.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Modification in amino acids of Dead Sea Scroll Parchments.

Fragments of Dead Sea Scroll Parchments were extracted for collagen and subjected to amino acid analysis. In modern parchment samples, 90% or more of the protein could be extracted in hot aqueous solution as collagen. In the ancient specimens, 70% or less was extractable. The hot-solution insoluble material was analyzed for collagen. In the soluble extract, the quantity of tyrosine, histidine, and methionine was reduced. Dityrosine was detected. The need to extend such studies is discussed.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1989

Inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver.

Inflammatory pseudotumors (plasma cell granulomas) are localized lesions consisting of a fibrous stroma, chronic inflammatory infiltrate with a predominance of plasma cells, and an absence of anaplasia, which can mimic malignant disease by their gross appearance. Reported in many sites, they are most frequently described in the lung. Twelve cases involving the liver and biliary tract have previously been reported. Here, a 77-year-old man who presented with fever and malaise was found to have a lesion in the left lobe of the liver, which, on exploration, was found to be an inflammatory pseudotumor. This patient, and each of those previously reported, has recovered uneventfully. Because of the benign course of this lesion, hepatectomy should be considered only in those instances in which the mass effect of the lesion is producing symptoms or in those cases in which a firm histologic diagnosis cannot be made preoperatively or by frozen section intraoperatively.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Mycobacterium xenopi infection in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

A case of Mycobacterium xenopi infection in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is described and the clinical experience of others in the United States with this organism is reviewed. Disseminated infection by this organism appears to occur only in the immunocompromised host. Because M xenopi has been found in hot water systems by others and is an organism more susceptible to the traditional antituberculosis antibiotics, recognition and distinction of this organism from the more resistant and difficult to treat Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare in the patients with AIDS may be important.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1983

Nodular adrenal hyperplasia with elevated adrenocorticotropic hormone levels.

Micronodular adrenal hyperplasia is an uncommon adrenal disorder characterized by failure of urinary corticosteroid excretion to be suppressed by high-dose dexamethasone therapy. Thus, micronodular adrenal hyperplasia demonstrates dexamethasone suppressibility that resembles primary adrenal neoplasia. However, since some cases have been reported to have measurable plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels, it is unclear whether this disorder arises primarily in the pituitary-hypothalamic region or in the adrenal gland. Our patient had clinical features of Cushing's syndrome and elevated urinary corticosteroid excretion that did not suppress with even high doses of dexamethasone; however, ACTH levels were elevated and were suppressible with high-dose dexamethasone therapy. At operation, enlarged adrenal glands with multiple micronodules were found. This case is compatible with the hypothesis that hypothalamic-pituitary hyperfunction precedes the development of micronodular adrenal disease in some cases.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1983

Transport of gentamicin in rat proximal tubule.

The intrarenal distribution of tritiated gentamicin (GM) was determined in rat by combined immunofluorescence and section freeze-dry autoradiography, techniques that permit subcellular localization before and after diffusional redistribution. Tissue from these kidneys was also examined by electron microscopy. After parenteral administration of 4 to 100 mg/kg, GM accumulates in S1 and S2 but not S3 segments of proximal tubules. Within 10 minutes, autoradiography demonstrates 3H-GM in the lumina of proximal and distal tubules; a subapical distribution consistent with pinocytotic uptake is prominent in many proximal cells. After 1 hour, 3H-GM is diffusely distributed within the cytoplasm in section freeze-dry autoradiographs with minimal evidence of intracellular sequestration. At this time, 3H-GM is presumably within endocytotic vacuoles, and electron microscopy reveals only rare vacuoles containing single myeloid bodies. Subsequently, section freeze-dry autoradiography shows sequestration of the aminoglycoside, but this intracellular localization is lost during tissue processing for fluorescent microscopy up to 6 hours after injection. At 6 hours large cytoplasmic vacuoles containing multiple well-organized myelin figures first appear in S1 and S2 segments. By 48 hours, 3H-GM is firmly bound in these vacuoles and is maintained in situ in both section freeze-dry autoradiographs and immunofluorescent preparations in association with increased numbers of vacuoles containing multiple myeloid bodies by electron microscopy. These studies thus demonstrate diffusible 3H-Gm within the cell which is available to initiate nephrotoxicity 1 to 6 hours after administration.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Effect of antitubular basement membrane and brush border antibodies on p-aminohippurate transport in kidney.

UNLABELLED: The effect of antiproximal tubule basement membrane (TBM) and brush border (BB) antibodies on p-aminohippurate (PAH) transport was evaluated in a rat model of immunologically mediated interstitial nephritis. Immunized rats developed anti-TBM antibody titers ranging from 1 to 3,072 with continuous linear IgG and interrupted C3 deposits in the TBM. Circulating anti-BB antibodies were detected in half of the immunized rats in titers ranging from 1 to 128. Heavy IgG deposition was present in the BB when circulating anti-BB antibody titers exceeded eight and proteinuria was present. When anti-TBM antibody titers were 1,024 or greater the slice-to-medium PAH concentration ratio (S/M) was significantly reduced (p less than 0.001). Combined immunofluorescent microscopy and section freeze-dry autoradiography revealed normal cellular distribution of PAH-3H in all proximal tubules except in rat microscopic foci of interstitial nephritis in which concentrative transport was absent. However, luminal secretion of PAH-3H was strikingly reduced in tubules with heavy IgG BB deposits. 3-hour PAH secretion in vivo fell significantly in rats with circulating and tissue anti-BB antibodies. Antibody inhibition of PAH transport appeared to be independent of morphologic damage. SUMMARY: Anti-TBM antibodies were associated with decreased slice uptake of PAH-3H while anti-BB antibodies were associated with decreased luminal PAH secretion in vitro and in vivo.

Aminohippuric Acids↗
PubMed1980

Null cell (non-T, non-B) acute lymphoblastic leukemia terminating as malignant histiocytosis.

A case of null cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) terminating in malignant histiocytosis (HMR) is discussed. The patient was a 22-year-old man who presented in January 1976 with ALL. Cell surface markers on the bone-marrow blasts showed that 1% formed rosettes with sheep erythrocytes (T cells) and 4% showed immunofluorescent staining for immunoglobulin; terminal transferase levels were elevated, confirming the diagnosis of null cell ALL. The patient was treated intensively with a combination of chemotherapy and cranial irradiation. One year after diagnosis, he was maintained in partial relapse (10-15% blasts). His terminal episode was characterized by pancytopenia. The bone marrow was replaced by malignant histiocytes. Cell surface membrane staining for cytophilic antibody was positive, whereas terminal transferase levels were in the range of nonlymphoid malignancies.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

Discriminating adolescent male delinquents through the use of kinetic family drawings.

Studied the discriminatory potential of the Kinetic Family Drawing technique (KFD). The drawings of 20 male adolescent delinquents were compared to a group of 20 normal male adolescents in order to discover whether any hypothesized differences existed. Significant chi square differences were found on only three of the variables: (a) body omission, (b) lack of family, and (c) akinesis. The delinquent group tended to manifest all three of these traits in their KFDs. The value of the KFD in terms of normative discrimination and/or prediction was found to be somewhat inconclusive in light of the low number of distinguishing traits and the small size of the sample.

Adolescent↗