Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Singh

Publications and source records attributed to H Singh.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Colonic anastomosis in calves: an experimental study.

Colonic anastomosis was conducted in 12 calves divided equally into four groups. Four suture patterns, viz. single inversion (continuous Connell), double inversion (two rows of continuous Cushing), single eversion (continuous everted mattress), double eversion (single eversion reinforced with simple continuous) were used. In each animal, anastomosis of the same technique was performed at four places. Each technique was evaluated in terms of clinical and gross observations, lumen stenosis and bursting pressure. Observations were made on the 7th, 14th and 28th day after anastomosis. None of the anastomotic techniques showed any untoward incident during the 28 days of postoperative study. Stricture formation at the site of anastomosis was minimal with the single inversion technique whereas it was maximum with the single eversion technique. Pressure for disruption of intestinal segments was higher after inversion than eversion techniques. It was concluded that the one-layer inversion anastomosis technique proved to be the best among the four techniques because (i) of its reduced incidence of adhesions; (ii) it maintains adequate lumen diameter; (iii) it withstands maximum pressure. The double layer inversion technique was conceded to be the second best choice for colonic anastomosis followed by the double eversion and single eversion techniques.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1989

Experimental model of staphylococcal osteomyelitis in dogs.

Osteomyelitis was induced in 45 male dogs by inoculating hemolytic strain of Staphylococcus aureus alone into the tibial marrow cavity. Clinical, radiological and bacteriological studies were conducted to evaluate the progress of disease up to 15 weeks. Clinical signs consisted of localized soft tissue swelling, pain, pyrexia and lameness which later developed an open wound with purulent exudation. Predominant radiographic features were extensive periosteal reaction, cortical lysis, new bone formation, frequent development of sequestrum and formation of localized abscess pockets in advanced cases. Staphylococci were recovered from the tibial marrow cavity for as long as 15 weeks after onset of the infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Knowledge, attitude and beliefs about measles and vaccination coverage in a rural area.

In the present study an attempt was made to collect data on the attitude, belief and customs of mothers regarding occurrence of measles among children in a rural area in Jammu region. Their views on the various aspects of the disease have been highlighted in this article. Simultaneously an effort was also made to evaluate the vaccination coverage of measles vaccine in the study area 2 1/2 years after its introduction into the Universal Immunization Programme (UIP). This study brings out the scope of health education in the eventual goal of eradicating measles in the country.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Molecular cloning of sequence-specific DNA binding proteins using recognition site probes.

Genes encoding sequence-specific DNA binding proteins can be isolated by screening lambda gt11 expression libraries with recognition site DNAs. This strategy is derived from that developed for the isolation of genes using antibody probes. Many different genes encoding transcriptional regulatory proteins have been cloned using this strategy. The DNA binding domains of these regulatory proteins contain different structural motifs including the helix-turn-helix, the "zinc finger" and the "leucine zipper". Various aspects of the screening strategy are evaluated and a detailed protocol is provided. In addition to binding site DNAs, protein and nucleotide probes have been successfully used to screen expression libraries. Therefore ligand based expression screening may be quite general in scope.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Prevalence and pattern of mental health problems.

Three hundred and forty eight children of age group 5-15 years were studied. A reporting questionnaire was administered to the parents and then affected children were examined in detail by history, physical examination and mental status examination. Fifty out of 348 children were having mental health problems. Male and first born children were affected more. Common problems observed were poor scholastic performance, enuresis, hyperkinetic syndrome, speech disorders and sleep disorders. In males, poor scholastic performance, hyperkinetic syndrome and temper tantrums were common while in females enuresis, speech disorders and hysterical symptoms were more frequent. Among the adverse perinatal factors of etiological importance low birth weight, difficult deliveries, birth injuries, delayed cry, neonatal jaundice and convulsions were common. Predominant psychosocial stress factors were quarrels between parents, separated parents, deaths of parents, siblings or relatives and chronic illness in the family.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Distinct long chain and very long chain fatty acyl CoA synthetases in rat liver peroxisomes and microsomes.

Mitochondria, peroxisomes, and microsomes were isolated from rat liver homogenates, and stearic acid and lignoceric acid beta-oxidation, as well as stearoyl CoA synthetase and lignoceroyl CoA synthetase activities in the three organelles, were compared. Stearic acid beta-oxidation in peroxisomes was sixfold greater compared to the oxidation in mitochondria. Lignoceric acid beta-oxidation, observed only in peroxisomes, was fivefold lower compared to stearic acid beta-oxidation. Stearoyl CoA synthetase was present whereas lignoceroyl CoA synthetase was absent in mitochondria. Stearoyl CoA synthetase and lignoceroyl CoA synthetase activities were present in microsomes and peroxisomes, but the activity of stearoyl CoA synthetase was several-fold greater compared to lignoceroyl CoA synthetase in both organelles. The differing responses to detergents and phospholipids of stearoyl CoA and lignoceroyl CoA synthetase activities in microsomes as well as peroxisomes indicated that each activity was catalyzed by a separate enzyme. Differences in detergent and phospholipid response were also noted when either stearoyl CoA or lignoceroyl CoA synthetase activity in one organelle was compared with the corresponding activity in the other organelle, suggesting that the same activity in different organelles may be catalyzed by separate enzyme proteins.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Cloning of a lymphoid-specific cDNA encoding a protein binding the regulatory octamer DNA motif.

An octamer DNA sequence plays a critical role in directing transcription of immunoglobulin genes in B lymphocytes. A new technique of direct binding of radioactive DNA was used to screen a complementary DNA expression library from the BJAB cell line in lambda gt11 phage to derive molecular cDNA clones representing a putative B lymphocyte-specific octamer binding protein. The plaques were screened with DNA containing four copies of the octamer sequence and positive phage recombinants were identified. The fusion protein produced on inducing a lysogen of one phage bound to a monomeric octamer probe. The cDNA insert from this phage hybridized to messenger RNA found in B lymphocytes, but not in most other cells. Thus, this cDNA derives from a gene (oct-2) that specifies an octamer binding protein expressed preferentially in B lymphocytes, proving that, for at least one gene, a cell-specific transcription factor exists and its amount is controlled through messenger RNA availability.

Cloning, Molecular↗
PubMed1988

Molecular cloning of an enhancer binding protein: isolation by screening of an expression library with a recognition site DNA.

A novel strategy has been used to isolate a cDNA clone that encodes a DNA binding domain whose recognition properties overlap those of the mammalian transcription factors H2TF1 and NF-kappa B. These two factors are distinguished by their cell type distributions and their relative affinities for related sequence elements in the enhancers of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and immunoglobulin kappa chain genes. The human cDNA clone was detected by screening a lambda phage expression library with a binding site probe derived from the MHC enhancer. The phage encoded fusion protein binds specifically to both the MHC and kappa gene enhancers. The cDNA hybridizes to a single copy gene that is expressed as a 10 kb mRNA in both B and non-B cells. The strategy used in this study may prove generally useful in the cloning and analysis of sequence-specific DNA binding proteins.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Regulation of gonadal steroidogenesis in Fundulus heteroclitus by recombinant salmon growth hormone and purified salmon prolactin.

The effects of recombinant salmon growth hormone (sGH) on plasma sex steroid levels and gonadal function were investigated in hypophysectomized Fundulus heteroclitus. Effects of sGH were compared to those of purified chum salmon prolactin (sPRL), Atlantic salmon gonadotropin (sGTH), and salmon pituitary extract (sPE). Treatment with sGH significantly increased plasma concentrations of testosterone in males and estradiol-17 beta in females; sPRL had similar effects on testosterone levels in males. Further, treatment with these hormones prevented the decline in gonadal weight observed after hypophysectomy in both males and females. In vivo treatment of male fish with sGH also augmented testosterone and 11-ketotestosterone production by testis tissue subsequently incubated in vitro. Direct action(s) on gonadal steroidogenesis was examined by incubating gonadal tissues from hypophysectomized fish in vitro with various hormones. sGH significantly stimulated the in vitro production of testosterone and 11-ketotestosterone by testis, and estradiol-17 beta by ovary. sPE and sGTH also stimulated gonadal steroidogenesis, whereas sPRL and bovine GH had no significant effect. By comparison, rainbow trout gonads also produced increased amounts of steroids when treated with sGH in vitro. The use of a cloned GH rules out contamination by other pituitary hormones. These results, therefore, demonstrate that recombinant salmon growth hormone possesses steroidogenic and gonadotropic activity. Purified sPRL also has steroidogenic and gonadotropic actions. However, the significance of these effects of teleost GH and PRL is not known.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Effect of antibody-mediated neutropenia on the cardiopulmonary response to endotoxemia.

An ovine anti-neutrophil antibody has been produced by immunizing rabbits with purified sheep neutrophils. Serial intraarterial infusions of anti-neutrophil antibody in awake instrumented sheep produced selective and profound neutropenia. Intravascular infusion of endotoxin (Escherichia coli, 1.5 micrograms/kg/30 min) resulted in significant and equivalent increases in pulmonary artery pressure, peripheral vascular resistance, and protein-rich pulmonary lymph flow in an endotoxin group (n = 9) and a depletion + endotoxin group (n = 4). Changes in cardiopulmonary parameters were most pronounced 2 to 8 hr after endotoxin administration in both groups. Cardiac index (CI) showed a precipitous and transient fall in both experimental groups at 0.5 to 1 hr after endotoxin infusion; however, by 8 hr CI rose significantly in the endotoxin group, while it remained unchanged in the depletion + endotoxin group. A significant rise in the peripheral neutrophil count was associated with the increase in CI in the endotoxin group. Plasma and pulmonary lymph levels of thromboxane-B2 were unchanged during the depletion period with a significant increase 1 hr after endotoxin infusion. In this study questions arise regarding the exclusive role of circulating neutrophils in the microvascular permeability changes seen in sepsis-mediated adult respiratory distress syndrome.

Animals↗