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Biomedical subjects

H Shishido

Publications and source records attributed to H Shishido.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Hypoxemia in the acute stage of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage, with special reference to increased extravascular lung water].

Respiratory responses to acute brain damage have been well documented. Severe hypoxemia of unknown origin has often been seen in the acute stage of intracerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurogenic pulmonary edema is a particular concern in the neurosurgical intensive care setting. In this study, the extravascular lung water volume (EVLW), alveolar-arterial oxygen difference (AaDO2), and intrapulmonary shunt (QS/QT) were measured in 17 patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage in the acute stage. The mean AaDO2, QS/QT, and EVLW values were 19.1 mmHg, 7.7%, and 5.49 ml/kg, respectively. The mean pulmonary arterial, central venous, and pulmonary capillary wedge pressures were all within the normal ranges. Eight patients with an AaDO2 of 20 mmHg or more manifested abnormal increases in QS/QT and EVLW, the mean values of which were 10.3% and 6.52 ml/kg, respectively. Nine patients with an AaDO2 of less than 20 mmHg exhibited normal QS/QT and EVLW, with mean values of 5.4% and 4.57 ml/kg, respectively. There was a significant, direct correlation between AaDO2 and EVLW. AaDO2 and EVLW in 11 measured cases either stayed normal or normalized within 4 weeks. These results suggest that acute congestive heart failure and/or pulmonary hypertension were not the main causes of the increase in AaDO2 and EVLW; the increase in EVLW might be explained by increased permeability of pulmonary vessels. The results of this study suggest that an increase in EVLW is causally related to hypoxemia. Further studies of lung water are necessary if we are to better understand respiratory abnormalities associated with acute-stage hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1989

Effect of human recombinant interleukin 4 on in vitro granulopoiesis of human bone marrow cells.

Utilizing in vitro colony assay, we investigated the effect of human recombinant interleukin 4 (hIL-4) on granulopoiesis of normal human bone marrow cells. Though hIL-4 itself did not possess any colony-stimulating activity, the number of neutrophil (N) colonies, particularly the number of small colonies, supported by human recombinant G-CSF (hG-CSF) was significantly increased when hIL-4 was used as a costimulant. In contrast, the number of eosinophil (Eo) colonies supported by hIL-5 was decreased when hIL-4 was used as a costimulant. Also, the numbers of N and Eo colonies supported by hIL-3 or hGM-CSF were both significantly decreased when hIL-4 was added. These data suggest that hIL-4 has diverse positive and negative regulatory effects on human neutro- and eosinophilopoiesis as a cofactor of various CSFs.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[CD8+ agranular lymphocyte proliferative disorder with T-cell receptor beta-chain gene rearrangement associated with thymoma and neutropenia].

A 58-year-old male with a 10-years history of thymoma was admitted to our hospital because of the respiratory infection. Hepatosplenomegaly and systemic lymphadenopathy were revealed on physical examination. Chest roentgenogram showed a large anterior mediastinal tumor and a right pleural effusion. Blood examination showed Hb 11.5 g/dl, leucocyte count 1,600/microliters (1% neutrophils, 34% monocytes, 65% lymphocytes) and platelet count 11.2 x 10(4)/microliters. The lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and pleural fluid were mostly small agranular mature lymphocytes and CD2+ 3+ 4- 8+. A monoclonal rearrangement of TCR beta chain gene was found using Southern blot analysis of the lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and pleural fluid. The CFU-GM colony formation by bone marrow cells was normal, and not suppressed by the patient's serum or peripheral blood lymphocytes. Neutrophil-associated IgG was increased with a direct immunofluorescence test. Serum IgG level was slightly decreased. Radiation therapy for thymoma exerted no effect. Treatment with prednisolone 60 mg daily resulted in complete disappearance of the pleural effusion and partial improvement of hepatosplenomegaly, thymoma and neutropenia. Histological examination of the thymoma revealed predominantly spindle cell type. He is still in good condition 21 months after diagnosis. This case seems to represent neoplastic proliferation of mature CD8+ T cells associated with thymoma.

Agranulocytosis↗
PubMed1989

[Spontaneous differentiation from myeloperoxidase-negative acute nonlymphocytic leukemia to acute myelomonocytic leukemia].

We reported a 68-year-old woman with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, in whom the leukemia transformed from poorly differentiated myeloperoxidase (MPO)-negative type into myelomonocytic type during the observation without chemotherapy. Hematological findings on admission revealed a leukocyte count of 3,500/microliters with 48% blasts and a platelet count of 9.2 x 10(4)/microliters. Bone marrow aspiration showed 68.2% infiltration of blasts negative for MPO. Sudan black B and esterase stains. By electron microscopy MPO was detected in the endoplasmic reticulum and nucleoenvelope of the blasts. Large vacuole-like granules were MPO-negative. She was observed without administration of any antileukemic agent or an immunopotentiator. The leukocyte count rose gradually, in association with increases in the relative and absolute counts of mature neutrophils and monocytic cells, and the platelet count. Twenty-six months after the initial diagnosis, a blood examination showed a leukocyte count of 74,300/microliters with 20.5% mature neutrophils and 15.5% monocytic and a platelet count of 31.4 x 10(4)/microliters. Cytological, cytochemical, ultrastructural and immunological studies of the bone marrow cells showed features compatible with acute myelomonocytic leukemia (FAB M4). This case is unusual in respect that poorly differentiated ANLL transformed spontaneously into moderately differentiated ANLL.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Neutrophil-associated IgG and neutrophil-binding IgG in autoimmune neutropenia].

Neutrophil-associated IgG (NAIgG) and neutrophil-binding IgG in sara (NBIgG) of 77 patients with neutropenia suspected to be caused by autoimmune mechanisms (group A) and 31 patients with aplastic anemia or myelodysplastic syndrome (group B) were assayed by flow cytometry. Auto-NBIgG was elevated in 32% of the patients in group A, particularly in about 70% of those with collagen diseases or ITP, but the level was normal in group B. Elevated NAIgG with normal auto-NBIgG levels was found in 27% of the patients in group A and in 64% of the patients in group B. The assay of auto-NBIgG was useful for detection of anti-neutrophil autoantibodies and for the diagnosis of autoimmune neutropenia. In addition, the level of NAIgG may be non-specifically elevated in non-immune neutropenia.

Agranulocytosis↗
PubMed1989

[Diaphragmatic pacing by electrical stimulation of the phrenic nerve--a case report].

A four-year-old boy had traffic accident and was transferred to our hospital with cardiorespiratory arrest, on March 24, 1986. After resuscitation, quadriplegia and apnea were sustained. Computed tomography (CT) scan on the day of admission only demonstrated subarachnoid hemorrhage and plain roentgenograms of the skull and cervical spine showed no abnormalities. He opened his eyes to verbal order one week later, but apnea and quadriplegia sustained. CT scan obtained on that day demonstrated no abnormalities but roentgenogram of the cervical spine showed atlanto-axial dislocation. On May 26, 1986, he was treated with densectomy through transoral approach. Furthermore, on June 19, he underwent laminectomy of the atlas, partial craniectomy of the occipital bone, and posterior fusion with iliac bone graft. However, apnea continued, and bilateral diaphragmatic pacemaker (Avery Laboratory Inc.) was planed: On Sept. 18, platinum and silicone rubber electrodes were surgically implanted on the both phrenic nerves at the cervical portion. Each electrode was connected by lead wire and connector to a radio-frequency receiver which was implanted in a subcutaneous abdominal pocket. An external transmitter supplied electrical power and information of the stimulation to the implanted receiver by radiofrequency across the skin. Pacing time was gradually prolonged and continuous pacing for four hours could be successfully gained by March, 1987. Pneumonia once occurred in the course of gradual prolongation of the pacing time. The ideal candidates for diaphragmatic pacing are patients with normal phrenic nerves, diaphragm, and lungs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Apnea↗
PubMed1989

[Stable xenon CT-CBF study with measurement of end-tidal xenon concentration--correction by arterial concentration of xenon].

Non-invasive methods with monitoring end-tidal stable xenon (ETXes) are described for estimating local cerebral blood flow (LCBF) and local partition coefficient (L lambda). 30% of Xes in oxygen was inhaled for 240 sec and exhaled for 160 sec during serial CT scannings after denitrogenation with pure oxygen breathing. During the examination, serial samplings of arterial blood and continuous monitoring of ETXes were performed to determine build up range (A) and build up rate constant (K) of artery. Calculated A and K using the arterial sampling (Aa and Ka, respectively) were compared with the calculated A and K using the continuous monitoring of ETXes (Ae and Ke, respectively) in 109 patients with epilepsy, head trauma, or cerebrovascular diseases. Ae and Ke had significantly positive correlation with Aa and Ka, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1988

Effect of human recombinant interleukin 5 and G-CSF on eosinophil colony formation.

Human recombinant (r) IL-5 was shown to have the activity to stimulate eosinophil (Eo) colony formation from human non-T, non-adherent bone marrow cells. The majority of these colonies were found to contain a small number of basophils, macrophages or neutrophils. Human rG-CSF, which alone did not stimulate Eo colony formation, showed an enhancing effect on Eo colony formation when added with IL-5. IL-5 seems to stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of CFU-Eo, while G-CSF acts on the early stage of eosinophilopoiesis.

Cell Differentiation↗
PubMed1988

Interleukin 2 stimulates the T-cells from patients with eosinophilia to produce CFU-Eo growth stimulating factor.

To explore the mechanism of eosinophilopoiesis in patients with reactive eosinophilia, we studied the effect of interleukin 2 (IL-2) on the production of CSFs, especially CFU-eosinophil growth stimulating factor (CFU-Eo GSF) from T-lymphocytes in patients with reactive eosinophilia. Conditioned media (CM) prepared from patients' E rosette forming cells (ERFC) with or without IL-2 was assayed for CFU-Eo, CFU-monocyte, macrophage (CFU-M) and CFU-neutrophil (CFU-N) GSF. The addition of IL-2 to the ERFC significantly stimulated the production of CFU-Eo and CFU-M GSF while only CFU-M GSF increased in normals. Serial testing of the CFU-Eo GSF in ERFC-CM demonstrated that the ability of ERFC to produce CFU-Eo GSF with IL-2 stimulation was retained even when the eosinophilia had disappeared. These results suggest that CFU-Eo GSF is produced from T-cells with IL-2 stimulation and that the T-cells from patients produce IL-2 stimulation and that the T-cells from patients produce CFU-Eo GSF with IL-2 stimulation after the disappearance of eosinophilia.

Colony-Forming Units Assay↗
PubMed1988

Heterogeneity of in vitro growth pattern of megakaryocyte progenitors (CFU-M) in myeloproliferative disorders.

In groups of 26 patients with myeloproliferative disorders (MPD), 8 with chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML); 8 with polycythaemia vera (PV); 10 with essential thrombocythaemia (ET); and 6 patients with reactive thrombocytosis (RT), we studied the growth characteristics of bone marrow CFU-M in agar culture. The bone marrows from all the patients with MPD formed so called endogenous CFU-M colonies, in the absence of PHA-LCM, that increased in a dose-dependent manner with the addition of increasing concentrations of normal human AB-citrated plasma (NH-ABCP), while the bone marrows from all the patients with RT and from healthy controls formed few or no endogenous CFU-M colonies. In MPD, the endogenous CFU-M growth was enhanced by normal T cells in a dose-dependent fashion, and was decreased with the depletion of T cells from the marrow cells. These results suggest that the formation of endogenous CFU-M colonies is caused by hypersensitivity of CFU-M in MPD to NH-ABCP, which may contain a small amount of Meg-CSF, and/or by in vitro T cell stimulation. Among MPD, the endogenous CFU-M growth in ET was significantly lower than that of other MPD patients; however, the total number of ET CFU-M grown in the presence of PHA-LCM was the highest. These data show that the bone marrow CFU-M in MPD are heterogeneous with respect to in vitro growth pattern or sensitivity to exogenous Meg-CSF.

Clone Cells↗
PubMed1988

[Problems in the embolization therapy of spinal arteriovenous malformation].

Six cases with spinal arteriovenous malformation refractory to repetitive embolization therapy were reported. In these, de novo feeding arteries appeared after the emboli obliterated the proximal portion of the blood feeding system. Though the malformation disappeared after the embolization therapy in the angiograms of the original feeding arteries, the lesion was visualized in the follow-up angiogram from different segmental arteries via various collaterals. Through angiographic evaluation and magnetic resonance imaging were necessary to point out the "false angiographic disappearance" of the spinal arteriovenous malformation after the embolization therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Measurement of local cerebral blood flow by computerized tomography with inhalation of stable xenon and curve-fitting method].

Non-invasive methods are described for estimating local cerebral blood flows (LCBF) and local partition coefficients (L lambda) during inhalation of 30% stable xenon gas (Xe) in oxygen during CT scanning. After the denitrogenation with pure oxygen breathing, 30% Xe is inhaled for four minutes to minimize subanesthetic effects with a rubber face-mask and the delivery system of Xe. Local time-delta Hounsfield units curve during the Xe wash-in and wash-out phase is utilized in order to calculate L lambda and LCBF using a least squares curve fitting analysis. Calculated L lambda and LCBF with the new method manifested reasonable distribution between the grey and white matters, and reproducibility was excellent in our study. Several case studies of patients with cerebral infarction are presented to demonstrate the characterization of L lambda and LCBF patterns in various tissues and theoretical grounds underlying the new method of curve fitting analysis are discussed.

Adolescent↗