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Biomedical subjects

H Shima

Publications and source records attributed to H Shima.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Down-regulation by retinoic acid of the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase type 2A during granulocytic differentiation of HL-60 cells.

Activity of protein phosphatase measured in the absence of divalent cations was decreased by 50% during all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-induced HL-60 cell differentiation into the granulocytic phenotype. Treatment of HL-60 cells with ATRA led to a dramatic decrease in the amount of protein phosphatase type 2A (PP2A) protein, whereas that of protein phosphatase type 1 (PP1) protein was relatively constant, as detected by immunoblotting with antibodies specific to PP1 and PP2A. The decreased phosphatase activity may be mainly due to a decrease in the expression of the PP2A protein. The mRNA level of PP2A beta was markedly decreased within 5 h after addition of ATRA, but there was only a slight increase in the mRNA level of PP2A alpha. Selective down-regulation of PP2A beta mRNA clearly preceded the cell differentiation induced by ATRA treatment. Thus, PP2A is down-regulated during ATRA-induced differentiation of HL-60 cells into granulocytes.

Cell Differentiation↗
PubMed1993

HLA antigens in anti-Ro(SS-A)-positive patients with recurrent annular erythema.

BACKGROUND: Recurrent annular erythema associated with the anti-Ro(SS-A) antibody response has recently been reported in Orientals. The association is assumed to represent a distinct clinical entity. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to extend knowledge on the immunogenetic spectrum of the disease. METHODS: Sixteen anti-Ro(SS-A)-positive Japanese patients with recurrent annular erythema and Sjögren's syndrome were studied. The standard complement-dependent microcytotoxicity assay was used to type the HLA-A, -B, -C, -DR, and -DQ, as well as the HLA-DRw52 and -DRw53 antigens. RESULTS: All 16 patients were positive for HLA-DRw52 antigens as compared with 52% of control subjects (p < 0.01 relative risk 14.8). No significant deviations were noted in the phenotype frequencies for HLA-A, -B, -C, and -DQ antigens. CONCLUSION: HLA-DRw52 is closely related to annular erythema in anti-Ro(SS-A)-positive Japanese patients with Sjögren's syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Serum collagenase activity in patients with chronic liver disease.

To examine the clinical significance of serum collagenase activity in chronic liver disease, serum collagenase activity was determined in 50 patients with chronic liver disease and in 24 healthy controls. Collagenase activity was measured after reactivation by denaturing and dissociating the inhibitors with potassium thiocyanate and aminophenylmercuric acetate. In patients with chronic persistent hepatitis, serum collagenase activity was 37% lower than controls, 50% lower in those with chronic active hepatitis, 66% lower in those with cirrhosis and 68% lower in those with hepatocellular carcinoma. Serum collagenase activity was significantly and inversely correlated with serum levels of the aminoterminal propeptide of type III procollagen and type IV collagen 7S domain, indicating that serum collagenase activity decreased as liver active fibrogenesis and/or fibrosis occurred. In contrast, serum levels of the metalloproteinase inhibitor was 30% higher than controls in patients with chronic active hepatitis, 50% higher in those with cirrhosis and 80% higher in those with hepatocellular carcinoma and was inversely correlated with serum collagenase activity. These results suggest that in this assay condition serum collagenase activity is influenced by the metallo-proteinase tissue inhibitor and thus does not reflect the amount of collagenase in the fibrotic liver.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Single nucleotide substitution of the androgen receptor gene in a case with receptor-positive androgen insensitivity syndrome (complete form).

Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome is caused by X chromosome linked disorder resulting in a target organ insensitivity to androgen. Two variants have been described in this syndrome. In the first, the binding of [3H]dihydrotestosterone (17 beta-hydroxy-5 alpha-androstan-3-one) to the androgen receptor is undetectable (receptor-negative), whereas in the second variant normal levels of androgen receptor are detectable but the binding of [3H] dihydrotestosterone to the androgen receptor is significantly thermolabile under certain conditions (receptor-positive). In receptor-negative cases, genetic disorders of the androgen receptor gene have been demonstrated. On the other hand, the genetic disorder of androgen receptor in receptor-positive cases is little known. In this study, the gene structure of androgen receptor in a receptor-positive case using a polymerase chain reaction technique is studied in the fibroblasts cultured from genital skin. The results demonstrate that the substitution of nucleotide (guanine-->cytosine) in exon G of the androgen receptor causes the replacement of an amino acid in position 820 (glycine-->alanine) which occurs in the hormone-binding domain of the androgen receptor. The substitution of nucleotide may explain the thermolability of the androgen receptor in a case with receptor-positive androgen insensitivity syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Predeposit autologous blood transfusion in elderly patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate.

In order to reduce the rate of homologous blood transfusion, predeposit autologous blood transfusion has been introduced in 134 out of 266 patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate since February 1988. Nine (6.7%) out of 134 patients who deposited their own blood were also transfused with homologous blood. In contrast, the rate of homologous blood transfusion was 22.7% in 132 patients who did not deposit autologous blood. Overall homologous blood transfusion rate (14.7%) in the past 4.5 years has been much lower than in the previous 4 years (22.2% in 203 patients). In 6 patients in whom blood donation was performed concurrently with administration of recombinant human erythropoietin, decrease of haemoglobin level was significantly less than in those without rHuEPO. Predeposit autologous blood transfusion can reduce homologous blood transfusion rate. It is safe and easily performed, and more effective when combined with rHuEPO administration even in elderly patients undergoing TURP.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Hyperthyroidism with potent thyroid-stimulation-blocking antibodies and negative thyroid-stimulating antibodies after subtotal thyroidectomy for Graves' disease with follicular thyroid carcinoma.

A 39-year-old woman with Graves' disease associated with follicular thyroid carcinoma underwent subtotal thyroidectomy. TSH-binding inhibitor immunoglobulins (TBII) were positive, whereas thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb) and thyroid-stimulation-blocking antibodies (TSBAb) were both negative before the operation. After the operation, TBII markedly increased above the pretreatment value. TSBAb became positive 3 months after the operation and then their activity increased, while TSAb remained negative after the operation. Subtotal thyroidectomy may have influenced the development of TSBAb in this patient. Irrespective of these findings, the patient became hyperthyroid again several months after the operation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

[Mainz pouch urinary diversion with appendix stoma].

The modified Mainz pouch urinary diversion was performed on 5 patients with bladder cancer using the submucosally embedded in situ appendix as a continence mechanism. It proved to be successful on 4 patients showing the complete urinary continence without difficulty in self catheterization. One patient became incontinent and a balloon catheter was retained. Advantages of the appendix stoma in the Mainz pouch are the reduction of the ileal segment to be isolated for creation of the pouch, relative simplicity of the operative technique, and the avoidance of use of foreign bodies such as metal staples or Marlex meshes.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[A case of pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis].

The patient was a 42-year-old man. When he was a third grade pupil of elementary school, he was diagnosed as having miliary tuberculosis. He was absent from school for 2 years for the treatment of the disease. However, miliary tuberculosis did not improve in spite of 2 years of treatment. At that time he was diagnosed as having pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis. He did not receive any treatment for the following 30 years. Recently, he visited our department because of occasional chest pain. The following tests were performed; chest CT, tomography, respiratory function test, RI test (99mTc bone scintigram and 67Ga scintigram) and bronchoscopy. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed of B5b, and transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) of left B5b, B8b, B9b and B10b to make the accurate diagnosis of pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis. This case of pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis with a protracted course of 30 years (in which chest X-ray films taken 27 years ago were available) is reported together with a discussion of the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Augmentation of retinoic acid-induced granulocytic differentiation in HL-60 leukemia cells by serine/threonine protein phosphatase inhibitors.

To evaluate the involvement of protein phosphatases (PP) in differentiation of human myelogenous leukemia HL-60 cells, we made use of potent inhibitors of PP1 and PP2A, calyculin-A (CAL-A) and okadaic acid (OKA). CAL-A and OKA could augment all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-induced granulocytic differentiation, whereas the differentiation toward macrophage lineage by 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol acetate (TPA) was unchanged in the presence of CAL-A. CAL-A augmented the phosphorylation of 18K, 23K and 30K proteins induced by ATRA. The PP1 and PP2A were identified and were present mainly in the cytosol of HL-60 cells. These results suggest that either PP1 or PP2A or both may be involved in regulating granulocytic differentiation of HL-60 cells.

Cell Adhesion↗
PubMed1992

Pituitary and gonadal functions in patients with chordee without hypospadias.

Pituitary and gonadal functions in 16 prepubertal boys with chordee without hypospadias by stimulation of gonadotropin releasing hormone or human chorionic gonadotropin were compared to those of age-matched normal boys. The patients with chordee without hypospadias had poor follicular stimulating hormone response but pituitary luteinizing hormone reserve function was normal. Testosterone response by stimulation of human chorionic gonadotropin was not impaired in patients with chordee without hypospadias. The results suggested that chordee without hypospadias may also be categorized into hypospadias from the aspect of its pituitary and gonadal functions in addition to the embryogenesis of chordee.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1992

Anatomical study of the valves of the superficial veins of the forearm.

The valves of the cephalic, basilic and median cubital veins were investigated in the superficial veins of the left forearm in 9 cadavers, aged 25-95. The radial forearm flaps involving these veins are of special clinicoanatomical importance. The following results were obtained: (1) Valves were most frequently evident at Site G of the cephalic vein. No valves were present in Section A-B, (2) type B valves were located at confluences, junctions and branches and were more frequent (54.7%) than Type A (45.3%) located in the straight trunks of superficial forearm veins, (3) Type 2 valves accounted for most (82.3%), and these were followed by Type 1 and Type 4b (5.9%), Type 4a (4.4%) and Type 3 (1.5%).

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Presynaptic alpha 2-adrenoceptor-mediated modulation of norepinephrine release from vascular adrenergic neurons in reduced renal mass salt hypertensive rats.

The present study was designed to investigate the presynaptic alpha 2-adrenoceptor function to inhibit norepinephrine (NE) release in blood vessels of reduced renal mass salt hypertensive rats (Na-loaded HT). Isolated perfused mesenteric vasculatures were prepared from Na-loaded HT and normotensive control rats (NT-control), and the NE release and vascular responsiveness were examined. Periarterial nerve stimulation caused a significantly greater release of NE and pressor responses in Na-loaded HT than in NT-control. Yohimbine, a potent alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist, demonstrated the facilitatory effects on NE release during nerve stimulation. The effects were significantly attenuated in Na-loaded HT compared with NT-control. These results demonstrate that vascular sympathetic nervous activity might be enhanced in Na-loaded HT. Furthermore, the increased NE release from vascular adrenergic neurons in Na-loaded HT could partially depend on impaired presynaptic alpha 2-adrenoceptor-mediated modulation, which might contribute to the pathogenesis and maintenance of this form of salt-dependent hypertension.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Testicular function in patients with hypospadias associated with enlarged prostatic utricle.

Of 485 patients with hypospadias who underwent urethrography, enlarged prostatic utricles were found in 173 (35.7%). Utricles with a higher grade of enlargement were seen mainly in patients with a severe degree of hypospadias. Serum testosterone levels before and after 3 days' treatment with human chorionic gonadotrophin were determined by radioimmunoassay in 97 prepubertal boys with hypospadias and enlarged prostatic utricles. Lower levels of serum testosterone were found after hormonal stimulation in 22 patients with high grade utricular enlargement when compared with 5 controls and 75 patients with low grade enlargement; the difference was statistically significant. This finding supports the hypothesis that utricular enlargement may be due to androgenic insufficiency during the critical period of organogenesis.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1992

Modulation of evoked contractions in rat arteries by ryanodine, thapsigargin, and cyclopiazonic acid.

The contribution of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ release to evoked tension in rat arterial rings was studied by comparing the effects of ryanodine (an SR Ca2+ channel opener) and thapsigargin and cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) (two Ca(2+)-ATPase inhibitors). Isometric tension was evoked by serotonin (5-HT), 30-50 mM external K+, and 10 mM caffeine in rings of aorta and a small (second-order) branch of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA). Resting tension was unaffected by 10 microM ryanodine or 1-5 microM thapsigargin, but 20 microM CPA raised resting tension in aortic rings and evoked spontaneous contractions in some SMA rings. Ryanodine (10 microM) or 1-5 microM thapsigargin partially depleted the SR Ca2+ stores (indicated by reduced caffeine-evoked contractions) and attenuated 5-HT- and high K(+)-evoked contractions in aortic rings but augmented 5-HT- and high K(+)-evoked contractions in SMA. Caffeine completely emptied the SR Ca2+ stores in the presence of ryanodine but not thapsigargin in both the aorta and SMA; thus, thapsigargin may selectively affect one component of a heterogeneous SR. When the aortic Ca2+ stores were empty (i.e., caffeine contractions were abolished), the 5-HT- and high K(+)-evoked contractions in the aorta were also augmented. CPA rapidly emptied the SR Ca2+ stores in both the aorta and SMA. CPA augmented the 5-HT-evoked contractions in the SMA and in five of nine aortic rings but attenuated evoked contractions in the remaining aortic rings. The attenuation or abolition of the caffeine contractions implies that ryanodine, thapsigargin, and CPA all deplete the SR Ca2+ stores. The attenuated responses to 5-HT and high K+ observed when the aortic SR Ca2+ stores were only partially depleted are consistent with the idea that evoked SR Ca2+ release is a large component of the Ca2+ transient in the aorta. The augmentation of 5-HT- and high K(+P)-evoked responses after partial (SMA) or complete (aorta) depletion of the SR Ca2+ stores suggests that evoked release of SR Ca2+ normally regulates Ca2+ entry by negative feedback and/or that the SR normally buffers the evoked rise in cytosolic Ca2+.

Animals↗