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H Shima

Publications and source records attributed to H Shima.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

[Diagnostic imaging of renal pedicle injury].

We reviewed the radiological findings of 8 patients with renal pedicle injury admitted to our emergency center from January 1986 through September 1995 and compared them with the previously reported findings. The patients included 3 with renal artery occlusion and 5 with avulsion or disruption of renal pedicle vasculature. Extended retroperitoneal hematoma such as contralateral pararenal or central parahilar hematoma was visualized in all 5 cases with avulsion or disruption of renal pedicle vasculature. Although lack of contrast enhancement of injured renal parenchyma is a hall-mark of renal pedicle injury, three cases did not demonstrate this typical finding. In these three cases, one showed partial and the others showed total enhancement of the injured renal parenchyma on contrast enhanced CT. Partial enhancement in one case was found to represent total occlusion of the main renal artery and an intact accessory polar branch on angiography. The other two cases showed total enhancement of the renal parenchyma, with renal vein perforation done and complete disruption of the main renal artery and vein in the other. The latter findings were thought to be due to the maintenance of vascular flow surrounded by hematoma. In conclusion, when central parahilar hematoma is identified, the possibility of renal pedicle injury should be considered even if the renal parenchyma is well enhanced.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Significant findings on CT performed before presence of post-surgical bowel obstruction].

We evaluated whether CT performed before the presence of bowel obstruction (pre-CT) is useful in predicting the presence of post-surgical bowel obstruction. Thirty-three patients with post-surgical bowel obstructions who had pre-CT were reviewed. The pre-CT findings were compared with the findings of CT performed after the presence of bowel obstruction (post-CT) in 16 patients, and with the intraoperative findings in 18 patients. Pre-CT demonstrated many interesting findings, such as a discrepancy in the caliber of the bowel, the presence of two adjacent collapsed loops, a beak-like appearance of the bowel, focal distention and/or wall thickness of bowel loops, and twisted mesentery. Twenty-three (70%) of 33 patients had one or more of these findings on pre-CT. All patients with a surgically proved closed loop obstruction had two adjacent collapsed loops on both pre- and post-CT. In six (86%) of seven patients who had focal dilated bowel loops and twelve (71%) of seventeen patients who had twisted mesentery on pre-CT, conservative management was proved ineffective. Pre-CT showed many significant findings. Attention should be paid to these findings, because they can predict the presence of post-surgical bowel obstruction. In particular, we stress that two adjacent collapsed loops on pre-CT is a sign of the presence of post-surgical closed loop obstruction.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[MR imaging of spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma].

Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma is a rare entity. Sudden onset of nuchal or back pain is a common presentation. Clinical diagnosis is often difficult because of its non-specific symptomatology. Irreversible neurological deficits of spinal cord may result, due to delay in initiating proper treatment. We present two cases of spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma, one in the cervical and the other in the thoracic spine. MR imaging was helpful to confirm the diagnosis and for pre-surgical planning. Both patients were treated surgically and the MR findings confirmed. MR imaging accurately localized and characterized the epidural lesions. We stress that MR imaging is a valuable examination for the diagnosis of spinal epidural hematoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Proposal on new formulas for renal depth in the technetium-99m-mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3) scintigraphy].

UNLABELLED: Recently, camera-based techniques to measure effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) have become more popular than single plasma sample techniques because camera-based measurements avoid the necessity of delayed plasma samples and in vitro techniques. The measurements of ERPF are used to estimate the clearance of technetium-99m-mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3). However, camera-based techniques are dependent on an accurate estimate of renal depth to correct for soft-tissue attenuation. Then, new formulas for renal depth correction of technetium-99m-MAG3 clearance in place of Tønnesen's, M. Ito's, K. Itoh's, and Taylor's methods were tried to establish in this paper. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eleven hundred and seventy patients without any renal disease were objected. The data from measurement of renal depth using X-ray CT in supine position were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: The depths of right kidney (Dr) and left kidney (Dl) were 7.33 +/- 1.27 and 7.07 +/- 1.27 cm. The correlation coefficients between Dr and height (H) body weight (W), body surface area (BSA: W0.425 x H0.725 x 0.007184 m2), age, and abdominal thickness (Ta) were 0.275, 0.709, 0.615, 0.087, and 0.743. The correlation coefficients between Dl and H, W, BSA, age, and Ta were 0.269, 0.732, 0.629, 0.029, and 0.812. Ta had best correlation with both Dr and Dl. The calculation formulas for Dr and Dl using Ta were as follows: Dr = 0.32 x Ta + 0.87 cm, and Dl = 0.36 x Ta - 0.08 cm. On the other hand, the multiplex calculation formulas of Dr or Dl with H, W, and Ta were as follows: Dr = 0.18Ta + 8.54 x (W/H) + 0.75 (r = 0.768), and Dl = 0.26Ta + 5.90 x (W/H)-0.16 (r = 0.823). CONCLUSION: The new regression equations provide superior estimates of renal depth compared to conventional equations. Application of these new formulas into camera-based protocols to determine renal clearances may lead to more accurate measurements of ERPF using technetium-99m-MAG3 scintigraphy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Arterial infusion chemotherapy with SMAN CS-Lipiodol for hepatocellular carcinoma evaluation of infusion method].

Forty-four patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were treated with oily anticancer agent SMANCS dissolved in Lipiodol (SMANCS-LPD). The local response rate after the first arterial infusion in all patients was 39%, against 63% in 27 patients with Lipiodol accumulation occupying more than two third of tumor areas. Repeated arterial infusion of SMANCS-LPD did not enhance the therapeutic effect. An infusion of 4mg of SMANCS was ineffective for patients with tumors distributing in bilateral lobes of liver, and 6 mg was recommended for such cases.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Identification and characterization of three isotypes of protein phosphatase inhibitor-2 and their expression profiles during testis maturation in rats.

cDNAs for three isotypes of inhibitor-2(I-2), I-2 alpha 1, I-2 alpha 2 and I-2 beta were isolated from a rat testis library. I-2 alpha 2 and I-2 beta are new forms. The former is an alternatively spliced form of I-2 alpha 1, encoding a protein with substitution of three amino acids for 14 amino acids of the I-2 alpha 1 protein at the C-terminus. The latter is derived from a different gene and encodes a 126-amino-acid protein having highly conserved regions with the I-2 alpha 1 protein from amino acid positions 22-47 and 111-126. I-2 alpha 2 and I-2 beta are expressed exclusively in the testis, and the expressions of all three forms of I-2 coincide with sperm cell maturation. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration of the GST-I-2 alpha 2 fusion protein on the PP1 gamma 2 catalytic subunit is the same as that of GST-I-2 alpha 1, being 10 nM. However, the half-maximal inhibitory concentration of GST-1-2 beta is 100-fold higher, being 1 microM. GST-I-2 beta showed no competition with GST-I-2 alpha 1. and its biological significance is unknown.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1996

Okadaic acid suppresses neural differentiation-dependent expression of the neurofilament-L gene in P19 embryonal carcinoma cells by post-transcriptional modification.

Mouse P19 embryonal carcinoma cells in aggregation culture in the presence of 10(-6) M retinoic acid followed by monolayer culture differentiate into nerve and glial cells. In this study, we demonstrated that the neurofilament-L (NF-L) mRNA and protein levels of these cells were enhanced in accordance with their retinoic acid-induced neural differentiation. Okadaic acid (OA) treatment of the cells markedly suppressed this differentiation-dependent NF-L gene expression increase and neurite outgrowth of the cells. Similar results were obtained when tautomycin was used instead of OA, suggesting that inhibition of protein phosphatase(s) is involved in the suppression of neural differentiation. OA treatment did not affect the NF-L gene transcription level, determined by the nuclear run-on transcription assay, but it did reduce the stability of both the 3.5- and 2.3-kilobase NF-L mRNAs. The expression and activity levels of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and 2B (PP2B) but not protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) in P19 cells increased in accordance with the enhanced NF-L gene expression. The presence of OA in the culture medium during the course of the neural differentiation caused a reduced PP2A activity but not PP1 and PP2B activities of the cell extracts. On the other hand, both PP1 and PP2B activities but not PP2A activity of cell extracts were suppressed by the addition of cyclosporin A or FK506 in the culture medium. However, both cyclosporin A and FK506 treatments affected neither NF-L gene expression nor neurite outgrowth. These results demonstrate that the OA treatment inhibits the differentiation-dependent increase in NF-L gene expression by destabilizing its mRNAs and suggest that PP2A plays key roles in the differentiation-dependent enhanced expression of the NF-L gene and is the point of the action of OA.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Immunohistochemical and immunoblotting identification of protein phosphatase 1 gamma 1 in rat salivary glands.

We have analyzed the distribution of the gamma 1 isotype of rat protein phosphatase type 1 catalytic subunit in rat salivary glands. Formaldehyde-fixed paraffin sections were reacted with the PP1 gamma 1 antibody using an immunohistochemical method. Positive staining occurred in striated ducts of parotid gland. However, the staining reaction was less intense in submandibular gland. Proteins were also prepared from rat salivary glands and subjected to SDS-PAGE, followed by Western blotting analysis with the PP1 gamma 1 antibody. The antibody interacted with protein corresponding to an estimated molecular mass of 36 kDa present in the parotid gland. The staining reaction was considerably weaker with the proteins from submandibular gland.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Inhibition of protein serine/threonine phosphatases by fumonisin B1, a mycotoxin.

Fumonisin B1 (FB1), a mycotoxin produced by the fungus Fusarium moniliforme, which is a common contaminant of corn, is suspected to be a cause of human esophageal cancer. FB1 is hepatotoxic and hepatocarcinogenic in rats, and although the mechanisms involved have not been clarified, the latter is associated with a weak initiating activity. The effects of FB1 on the activity of protein serine/threonine phosphatases (PPs) (PP1, PP2A, PP2B, PP2C and PP5/T/K/H) were investigated in the present study. Inhibition of dephosphorylation was noted for all five PPs with IC50 values of 80 microM-3000 microM. Among the five PPs examined, PP5 was most sensitive with an IC50 of 80 microM. This concentration is comparable to that estimated to be reached in the rat body by feeding FB1 to obtain hepatic tumors. Inhibition of PP5 could thus play important roles in the toxicity and carcinogenic action of FB1.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

An anatomical study on the forearm vascular system.

The purpose of the present study was to establish the clinicoanatomical basis for the radial forearm flap. We conducted a morphometric investigation on 52 Japanese cadavers, of forearm vessels, for use in free forearm flaps. The mean inner diameter of the cephalic and median cubital veins at the interepicondylar line was 1.9 +/- 1.2 mm and 1.8 +/- 1.1 mm, respectively. Mean inner diameter of the radial artery and venae comitantes 1 cm distal to the origins of the radial and ulnar arteries was 2.3 +/- 0.5 mm and 1.6 +/- 0.5 mm, respectively. The longest segment of a superficial vein was 28.7 +/- 4.6 cm, it was measured between the basilic vein 5 cm proximal to the interepicondylar line and the cephalic vein at Lister's tubercle. The length of the radial artery was 18.1 +/- 1.7 cm. There were fewer valves in the basilic vein and cephalic vein proximal to the median cubital vein and in the brachial veins than in the distal antebrachial veins. From these results some of the clinicoanatomical considerations of forearm vessels which will form the clinicoanatomical basis of the free forearm flap should be clarified.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Lysyl-tRNA synthetase from Bacillus stearothermophilus. Purification, and fluorometric and kinetic analysis of the binding of substrates, L-lysine and ATP.

Lysyl-tRNA synthetase [L-lysine:tRNA(Lys)ligase (AMP forming); EC 6.1.1.6] was purified from Bacillus stearothermophilus NCA1503 approximately 1,100-fold to homogeneity in PAGE. The enzyme is a homodimer of M(r) 57,700 x 2. The molar absorption coefficient, epsilon, at 280 nm is 71,600 M-1.cm-1 at pH8.0. Enzyme activity in the tRNA aminoacylation reaction and the ATP-PPi exchange reaction increases up to 50 degrees C at pH 8.0, but is lost completely at 70 degrees C. The pH-optima of the two reactions are 8.3 at 37 degrees C. In the tRNA aminoacylation reaction, the Km values for L-lysine and ATP are 16.4 and 23.2 muM, respectively, and in the ATP-PPi exchange reaction, the Km values for L-lysine and ATP are 23.6 and 65.1 muM, respectively at 37 degrees C, pH 8.0. Interaction of either L-lysine or ATP with the enzyme has been investigated by using as a probe the ligand-induced quenching of protein fluorescence and by equilibrium dialysis. These static analyses, as well as the kinetic analysis of the L-lysine dependent ATP-PPi exchange reaction indicate that the binding mode of L-lysine and ATP to the enzyme is sequential ordered (L-lysine first). The interaction of lysine analogues with the enzyme has also been investigated.

Acylation↗
PubMed1996

[Necrotizing fasciitis due to invasive group A streptococcal infection: a case report].

Necrotizing fasciitis is a relatively rare but potentially fatal soft tissue infection. We report a case of invasive group A streptococcal necrotizing fasciitis. Patient was a 55-year-old healthy male who presented an expanding suppurative lesion over the left lower extremity within one day. Streptococcus pyogenes was a sole microorganism isolated from the infection site. The key to successful treatment in this case was suggested to be early diagnosis combined with aggressive debridement followed by open drainage and high dose administrations of piperacillin before complications such as liver dysfunction and renal failure became serious.

Fasciitis, Necrotizing↗
PubMed1996

Incomplete testicular feminization syndrome: studies on androgen receptor(AR) function, AR gene analysis, and aromatase activities at puberty and long-term observations of clinical and hormonal features from infancy to puberty.

A female infant with partial androgen insensitivity (PAIS) was first seen at 4 months of age with slight virilization of the genitalia and externally palpable testes. Sex chromosome was 46,XY. She received left orchidectomy and exploratory laparotomy at 2 yr of age. At exploratory laparotomy, neither a uterus nor fallopian tubes were found. The right testis was preserved by fixing it at the external inguinal ring expecting spontaneous pubertal maturation. After discharge, serum levels of LH, FSH, testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2) were measured annually, and the steroid responses to hCG stimulation were examined every two yr. At the age of 10 yr, she developed breasts and a very feminine body habitus. At 12 yr, she received a clitoroplasty and right orchidectomy. The fibroblast cultures were made from the genital skin whereby androgen receptor (AR) binding was assessed by radioreceptor assay using 3H-DHT as the ligand, and thermoinstability of AR was noted despite normal maximum binding (Bmax) and dissociation constant (Kd) at 22 degrees C. But another binding experiment with 3H-Mibolerone resulted in the lack of receptor binding. AR gene analysis with direct sequencing of coding exons of the gene revealed no abnormality of the AR gene. 5 alpha-reductase activity was normal. Aromatase activity appeared to be enhanced in the genital skin fibroblast (GSF) cells as well as in the testicular tissue. The results of these studies indicated that the patient had PAIS with impaired AR functions and increased aromatase activity. After the discharge, the patient has maintained feminine phenotype, receiving estrogen therapy with mestranol 0.02 mg/day po.

Aging↗
PubMed1996

Adrenal tumor producing 11-deoxycorticosterone, 18-hydroxy-11-deoxycorticosterone and aldosterone.

A case of adrenal tumor producing 11-deoxycorticosterone, 18-hydroxy-11-deoxycorticosterone and aldosterone is reported. A 55-year-old woman had hypertension, hypokalemia, low plasma renin activity and an adrenal tumor. The plasma level of aldosterone was normal, and the levels of 11-deoxycorticosterone and 18-hydroxy-11-deoxycorticosterone were extremely high. After the tumor removal, the plasma level of aldosterone decreased and plasma levels of 11-deoxycorticosterone and 18-hydroxy-11-deoxycorticosterone were normalized. The tumor was benign adenoma and the production of steroid hormones was under control of adrenocorticotropic hormone. The enzyme activity of 21-hydroxylation in the tumor was elevated and that of 11 beta-hydroxylation was decreased compared with the adjacent tissue.

18-Hydroxydesoxycorticosterone↗
PubMed1996

[Clinical study of primary carcinoma in situ of the bladder].

In our department 14 patients with primary carcinoma in situ of the bladder were treated. Thirteen patients were male and 1 patient was female. Most of the patients complained of irritative vesical symptoms such as painful urination and/or pollakisuria. Cystoscopic examination revealed no overt tumor but some abnormal findings like localized or diffuse hyperemia or fine granular changes were noted. In 4 patients, total cystectomy was performed primarily and 10 other patients were treated at first with intravesical chemotherapy or intravesical BCG. Five of those 10 patients (50%) developed invasive cancer and total cystectomy was performed secondarily in them. Invasive cancer occurred in the bladder wall in 2 patients, in the prostate in 2 patients and in both bladder and prostate in 1 patient. Five-year and 10-year survival rates of 14 patients in this study were 66.7% and 44.4%, respectively.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1996

Differential association of protein Ser/Thr phosphatase types 1 and 2A with the cytoskeleton upon platelet activation.

The association of protein Ser/Thr phosphatase type 1(PP1) and type 2A (PP2A) with the cytoskeleton (Triton X-100 insoluble residue) during human platelet activation was investigated. In unstimulated platelets, 40% of total PP1-like activity was present in the Triton-insoluble cytoskeleton, while only 10% of the total PP2A-like activity was present in this fraction. Stimulation with 1 U/ml thrombin produced a 1.8-fold increase in PP1-like activity and a 7-fold increase in PP2A-like activity, respectively, in the cytoskeletal fraction, under aggregating conditions. Immunoblot analysis revealed that thrombin treatment increased association of PP1 catalytic subunit isozymes (PP1 alpha, PP1 gamma, PP1 delta) and PP2A catalytic subunit with the cytoskeleton, with concomitant decrease of these enzymes in Triton-soluble fractions. The amounts of cytoskeleton-associated PP1 and PP2A depended on the dose of thrombin which could activate platelets. Agonist-induced redistribution of PP1 and PP2A into the cytoskeleton was inhibited by OP-41483 (a prostaglandin I2 analog). Interaction of PP2A with cytoskeletal proteins strongly correlates with aggregation, whereas the association of PP1 with cytoskeleton can be detected upon platelet activation, even in the absence of aggregation. Co-extraction of protein kinase C and myosin light chain kinase with the cytoskeleton eventually translocated to the cytoskeleton, but only during aggregation. These results suggest that differential translocation of PP1 and PP2A to the cytoskeleton is involved in platelet activation, and their association with cytoskeletal proteins may regulate phosphorylation levels together with protein kinases in platelets.

Cytoskeleton↗