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Biomedical subjects

H Shiga

Publications and source records attributed to H Shiga.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Metabolic abnormalities and nutritional management in postoperative multiple organ failure].

Despite its importance, very little has been known on metabolic abnormalities in the patients with postoperative multiple organ failure (POMOF). The present study was undertaken to investigate the metabolic abnormalities and to establish effective nutritional management on these patients. Systemic energy metabolism and hepatocellular mitochondrial function were studied with indirect calorimetry and arterial ketone body ratio measurements on 30 POMOF patients treated between 1984 and 1985. The POMOF patients were hypermetabolic and their hepatic mitochondrial function was impaired. Their caloric intake was depleted for the limitation in administrable water volume due to renal failure. Some of them could not utilize exogenous glucose given by total parenteral nutrition (TPN). To overcome these problems, on 26 POMOF patients treated between 1986 and 1987 continuous hemofiltration (CHF) was applied to remove excess water and ATP-Mg was administered to improve hepatic mitochondrial function during TPN. The sufficiency rate of energy intake (caloric intake/energy expenditure) was improved from 73.3 +/- 14.7% to 92.0 +/- 8.1% with simultaneous CHF and the hepatic mitochondrial function was also improved with ATP-Mg resulting in better utilization of exogenous glucose. These results indicate that CHF and ATP-Mg administration are effective adjunctive treatments in the nutritional management for POMOF.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1986

Maxillary squamous cell carcinomas staged by computed tomography.

In 72 patients with maxillary squamous cell carcinoma, computed tomography (CT) alone was used for T-staging according to the AJC classification. Five, 31, and 36 tumors were diagnosed as T2, T3, T4, respectively. In N0 patients with a minimum follow-up of 2 years, local control rates for T2, T3, and T4 tumors were 33% (1/3), 64% (16/25) and 38% (9/24), respectively. Addition of maxillectomy to treatment seemed to have improved the local prognoses in T3 and T4 tumors. High radiation doses of 60 Gy or more seemed to be beneficial for patients with T3 tumors and without maxillectomy. CT will be of great help in classifying tumors objectively. But more importantly, it will reveal resectability and dictate treatment of choice by delineating the tumor extent precisely.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1986

Serum constituents of Suncus murinus.

Blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture from nine-week-old suncus, mice and rats those had been fasted for 16 hours, and the serum was assayed for the levels of corticosterone, cortisol, and other constituents. The following results were obtained: The serum levels of corticosterone and cortisol and corticosterone/cortisol ratio of suncus were about the same as those of human. The SGPT, gamma-GT, ALP, LDH, Ca and K values in suncus were all within the normal range of the respective values in human. SGOT, amylase, BUN, Na, Cl, Fe and inorganic phosphate values were higher, and total cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipid, creatinine, urea, total protein, albumin and bilirubin levels were lower in suncus than the respective normal values in human. The values of SGOT, amylase, ZTT, and K were higher in female than in male suncus, while the values of gamma-GT and ALP were higher in the male. Feeding the animals individually in the individual cages for a week increased the values of direct bilirubin, total cholesterol, ZTT, Na, K and Cl and lowered the value of urea. The values of SGPT, ALP and triglyceride of suncus obtained in 1984 were higher, the value of albumin was lower, than the respective values obtained in 1983. The value of cholinesterase in suncus was very small.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1986

[The role of computed tomography in the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and nasopharynx].

We studied the value of computed tomography (CT) in diagnosis and treatment of primary malignant tumors of the sinonasal cavities and nasopharynx, and reached the following conclusions. 1) In maxillary carcinomas, bone destruction is always seen on CT. When bone destruction is not apparent despite invasion to the adjacent site, malignant lymphoma or plasmacytoma is suggested. 2) In defining the tumor extent of maxillary SCC, CT is more reliable than maxillotomy, and is equal to maxillectomy. However, clouding of the sinus without bone destruction remains a problem, since this finding can be caused by either tumor invasion or obstructive sinusitis. 3) In maxillary and nasopharyngeal SCC, CT frequently reveals tumors to be more extensive than previously suspected following physical and conventional x-ray examinations. Therefore, the T-stages of these tumors are often upstaged to more advanced ones. 4) CT is of great help in identifying candidates for surgery in maxillary SCC, and in planning radiation therapy for nasopharyngeal and sinonasal tumors. Dose distribution curves displayed directly on the CT slices are becoming essential tools for radiation oncologists. After the introduction of CT, treatment results in cases of nasopharyngeal SCC have improved, probably due to better definition of the tumor volumes. 5) CT is also used for observing tumor response after therapy and for follow-up. In summary, CT is now indispensable in the management of malignant tumors of these sites.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1985

Trigeminal neuralgia and hemifacial spasm caused by a tortuous vertebrobasilar system.

The case of a 66-year-old woman who developed both trigeminal neuralgia and hemifacial spasm caused by a tortuous vertebrobasilar system is reported. Vertebral angiography showed a dilated and elongated basilar artery overlying the porus acusticus of the internal auditory canal. Double-contrast computed tomography scanning was very useful in evaluating this abnormality. Vascular decompression was performed by using a fenestration clip.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Characteristic findings of metrizamide CT cisternography in epidermoids.

The characteristic findings of metrizamide CT cisternography in two cases of epidermoid are reported. The main finding was a "cauliflower-like" appearance and was thought to be caused by the irregular interstices of epidermoids. Metrizamide CT cisternography may be helpful in making a diagnosis of an epidermoid.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Computed tomography of sinonasal non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Seven cases of primary malignant lymphoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses were examined with computed tomography. Histology was "diffuse non-Hodgkin lymphoma" in all cases. Computed tomography clearly delineated the extent of the tumors, which involved either the maxillary sinus or the nasal cavity and extended into the subcutaneous tissue of the cheek, as well as in the infratemporal fossa or nasopharynx. Bony wall destruction was evident in only three cases; it was slight and clearly less marked than the destruction usually encountered in cases of carcinoma.

Female↗
PubMed1983

Amaurosis fugax for a long duration.

A 31-year-old Japanese male with unilateral bouts of transient visual loss lasting for variable periods of time has been observed. In spite of the prolonged duration of some of these attacks (the longest attack lasted 7 1/2 hours), the patient sustained a relatively small amount of functional damage to the retina. Although the exact mechanism underlying these bouts of transient visual loss remains unknown, a discussion of the possible causes of such episodes, as well as the reasons for the relative preservation of vision in spite of the length of these attacks, is included.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Computed tomography of malignant tumors of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses.

Staging of malignant tumors of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses by computed tomography (CT) was studied in a total of 49 patients, 33 with squamous cell carcinoma and 16 with tumors of other histologic types. Involved sites by the tumor were studied, and clinical staging was made using CT findings alone according to AJC classification for maxillary sinus tumors. Surgical findings for comparison were available for most cases. Of 33 squamous cell carcinomas and of 16 tumors with other histologic types, the maxillary sinus was the site of origin in 29 and eight, respectively. Of these 37 maxillary sinus tumors, 11 were staged T3, 26, T4, and none was staged T1 or T2. None of these tumors were down staged, and one T3 was upstaged after surgical procedures, although all sinuses were not explored in some cases. Sinusitis due to obstruction was indistinguishable from the tumor without bone destruction. And the determination of the site of origin was difficult in some cases. Despite these, CT should be used for pretreatment evaluation of the tumors of these sites.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

Spontaneous carotid-cavernous fistula during pregnancy or in the postpartum stage. Report of two cases.

The authors report two cases of spontaneous carotid-cavernous fistula that occurred during pregnancy. One patient was a 21-year-old woman whose symptoms improved and in whom disappearance of the carotid-cavernous fistula was confirmed by cerebral angiography after she aborted in the 12th week of pregnancy. The other patient was a 25-year-old woman in whom a carotid-cavernous fistula occurred at about the 28th week of pregnancy. The symptoms became aggravated 3 weeks after a normal delivery. Carotid-cavernous fistula was confirmed by cerebral angiography, and the clinical symptoms then improved. On the basis of cerebral angiographic findings, both patients were considered to have dural arteriovenous fistulas in the region of the cavernous sinus and both demonstrated spontaneous improvement.

Adult↗