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Biomedical subjects

H Schmidt

Publications and source records attributed to H Schmidt.

At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

An embryonic Ca++ mobilizing muscarinic system in the chick embryo heart.

In the embryonic and in the adult heart muscarinic stimulation reduces the heart rate. Here we demonstrate that in the embryonic heart an additional muscarinic system is present, which is characterized by Ca++ mobilization and corresponds to the embryonic muscarinic system in other organ anlagen. In suspensions of embryonic chick heart cells we measured release of Ca++ from intracellular stores and influx of extracellular Ca++ with fura-2 and chlorotetracycline after muscarinic stimulation and determined the [3H]quinuclidinylbenzilate binding sites. We observed intense Ca++ mobilization at day 4, weaker reactions between day 4.5 and 11, and no Ca++ response at day 13. The pharmacological profile was identical to the profile of Ca++ mobilization in cells from other embryonic tissues in which the general embryonic muscarinic system is expressed. In parallel, we studied the effect of muscarinic agonists and antagonists on the heart rate of isolated embryonic hearts at day 4 and 5 in a perfusion chamber. Oxotremorine and bethanechol being antagonists or weak partial agonists in Ca++ mobilization, behaved as full agonists in frequency regulation. Thus, the pharmacological profile of the transient embryonic muscarinic system was different from that of the definitive adult form.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Balancing of mitochondrial and glycolytic ATP production and of the ATP-consuming processes of Ehrlich mouse ascites tumour cells in a high phosphate medium.

A balance of energy budgeting of Ehrlich mouse ascites tumour cells including mitochondrial and glycolytic ATP production and about 80% of ATP consumption in a high phosphate medium is presented. In the share of glycolysis was about one-third of the total ATP production, more than twice that found in a low phosphate medium. The extent of a single energy reaction was assessed from the decrease of coupled oxygen consumption and lactate formation following the specific inhibition of this process. The inhibitory effects on coupled respiration and glycolysis were identical for the energy consuming processes measured: protein turnover, Na+/K(+)-ATPase, Ca2(+)-transport and RNA synthesis.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1989

[Differential diagnosis of increased phenylalanine blood level in infancy. Results of the German collaborative study on phenylketonuria (PKU)/hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA)].

Between 1978 and 1984 165 children with elevated Phe blood levels in newborn screening were included in a German multicentric study. The differential diagnosis, comprising Phe concentrations in the blood under a tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) load (30 mg BH4), determination of pterins in the urine and dihydropteridin reductase (DHPR) in erythrocytes, resulted in two patients with a 6-pyruvoyltetrahydrobiopterin synthase (PTPS) deficiency. Those patients with a defect in the apoenzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase (PH) were treated with a low Phe diet, when the Phe blood concentrations exceeded 10 mg/dl under an adapted formula (n = 154). At the age of six months, in 155 infants a protein challenge containing 180 mg Phe/kg body weight for three days was performed, followed by a fourth day with 5 mg Phe/kg. Corresponding to the US Collaborative Study [19] 3 types of response were chosen according to the course of the Phe blood level under the challenge (n = 145). Type I response (n = 112) shows a continuous increase of the Phe more than 20 mg/dl even under the Phe restriction at day 4. Type II response (n = 14) shows also increasing Phe blood levels above 20 mg/dl, followed by a spontaneous decrease below 20 mg/dl still during the high Phe challenge and even lower at the fourth day with low Phe intake. Type III response (n = 19) had only a small increase of the Phe blood concentration, mostly below 15 mg/dl during the whole challenge period.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Alcohol Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1989

[Differentiation of coagulase negative staphylococci from significant bacteriuria].

According to our experience in identifying coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS) a modified Kloos-Schleifer-scheme proved useful in species identification. Of 595 urine isolates from cases with significant bacteriuria tested 89.5% could be identified. For routine identification on the one hand the Kloos-Schleifer-scheme is only practical by using commercial identification systems, on the other hand applying an abbreviated scheme species identification is unsatisfactory. As an alternative for identification of CNS in clinical microbiology the Phosphatase-Novobiocin-Mannose-Inhibition-Test (PNMI-Test) is presented. This test in combination with a coagulase test proved suitable to identify the three most important staphylococcal species S. aureus, S epidermidis, and S. saprophyticus and seems to be an acceptable compromise in the bacteriological routine laboratory. For extended species identification of CNS the Kloos-Schleifer-scheme should not be reduced but this identification should be reserved to special laboratories.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1989

[Solitary primary amyloid tumor of the rectum].

Solitary primary amyloidtumor of the rectum. Gastrointestinal involvement of AL and AA amyloidosis is common and shows a broad variety of clinical appearance. We report a case of amyloidosis manifestated as a sole large rectum tumor and discuss the therapeutic procedure.

Amyloid↗
PubMed1989

[The clinical value of preoperative staging of bladder and prostatic cancers with nuclear magnetic resonance and computerized tomography].

To evaluate the diagnostic value of preoperative staging of bladder cancer and cancer of the prostate, CT and NMR scans of 45 histologically defined tumors of the bladder and the scans of 24 patients with radical prostatectomy were compared. Lack of extravesical spread was imaged correctly by NMR in all cases of urothelial cancer (pT1-pT3a). CT diagnosis failed in 39%. False-negative results were obtained in 2 of 5 invading tumors (pT3b) by NMR and in 3 of 5 by CT. Extraglandular spread of cancer of the prostate was diagnosed with an accuracy rate of 79% by NMR and of 46% by CT. The diagnostic value for detection of pelvic lymph node metastases had a low-sensitivity rate of 26% in NMR and of 22% in CT.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Development of functional stability of the musculoskeletal system in athletes in childhood and adolescence].

Based on the experience gained in sports medicine a review is given on the development of functional stability of the musculoskeletal and locomotive system in actively sporting children and adolescents. Inadequate physical exercise during the growth periods may result in maladaption. Children retarded in their musculoskeletal development exhibit a reduced exercise tolerance. A training system with a high amount of exercises strengthening muscles in general may improve the efficiency of the locomotive system. In school children deficient muscular training results in a progressive reduction of stretching capacity of back and thigh (upper part) muscles. With a view to primary prevention of premature disturbances of the musculoskeletal and articular systems more attention has to be attached to the development of functional stability by adequate physical training both at school and during free-time activities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Critical intracranial pressure crises in drained hydrocephalus with minimally enlarged or normal ventricles].

We report on 10 patients between 3 and 18 years of age who had been treated in the neonatal and postneonatal period for hydrocephalus of various causes with a ventriculo-atrial or ventriculo-peritoneal shunt. Between the age of 2 and 17 years these children suffered from recurrent attacks of headache, vomiting bradycardia and lethargy suggesting shunt-obstruction. 8 children showed slowing of electrical activity in their EEG, 4 had papilledema on fundoscopy. Splayed sutures were found in one child by skull x-ray. In all the above cases the CT-headscans assessed by radiologists showed no evidence of shunt-obstruction. Only on direct comparison with previous CT-scans we were able to detect minimally dilated ventricles in 6 children. In all cases conservative treatment failed. Symptoms only ceased after surgical shunt-revision. In all children treated with shunts headache, vomiting and vegetative symptoms must be considered as signs of shunt-obstruction until proved otherwise. A negative CT-scan done while symptoms are present cannot rule out raised intracranial pressure. Only by direct comparison with previous CT-scans carried out during an asymptomatic period a minor dilatation of the ventricles can often be detected. This should be taken as a sign of shunt-obstruction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Changes in the nucleotide metabolism of Ehrlich ascites tumour cells during their growth in vivo.

During the transition of Ehrlich mouse ascites tumour cells from the proliferating into the resting phase of growth a tremendous loss of purine and pyrimidine compounds was quantitated by ion-pair reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. This change is accompanied by a distinct decline in the incorporation rates of adenine, hypoxanthine, and adenosine. Inorganic phosphate stimulates the low rate of hypoxanthine incorporation of cells in the plateau phase, but lacks any effect on the high rate during proliferation. The mitochondria suffer structural deteriorations and decrease in their cellular content in the course of the plateau phase; however, other changes were not seen by morphometric analysis. The interrelations between nucleotide metabolism, mitochondrial content and the rates of formation and consumption of ATP are discussed.

Adenine↗
PubMed1989

[The incidence of congenital angiocardiopathies].

Among 229,846 children born alive between 1971 and 1980 in the districts Erfurt and Suhl--this figure coincide with the total number of live births a year in the GDR--1638 patients with structural congenital heart disease were identified. The study is based on an analysis of cardiac patients of this districts and autopsy protocols of all deceased children of the 10-year period. Additional attempt has been made to assess the proportion of cases in adults undergoing cardiac catheterisation with congenital heart disease, undetected in childhood. In our study we found malformations of the heart in 7.13 of 1,000 live births. There is agreement with the results of foreign studies. It is evident, however, that the result requires correction to 8-10/1,000. Our study of the incidence of congenital heart disease in children born between 1971 and 1980 concludes that over the 10-year period the overall incidence has remained constant.

Cross-Sectional Studies↗
PubMed1989

[The clinical value of NMR tomography for retroperitoneal diagnosis].

NMR-tomography is a noninvasive diagnostic alternative to conventional imaging modalities. For clinical purpose there is no significant improvement in staging of kidney tumors and lymphnode metastases. The diagnostic value for complicated cysts and adrenal tumors is superior to all alternative imaging modalities as CT and sonography. Tumors of vena cava could be staged with an accuracy rate of 100%.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

[Aspartylglucosaminuria. Clinical description of 2 German patients].

Aspartylglucosaminuria was diagnosed for the first time in two german patients. First sign of the disease was retardation of speech at the age of two years. Later on, motor and mental retardation as well as a coarse face developed. Radiological examination revealed progressive changes of the thoracic and lumbar spine with wedge-shaped vertebral bodies as well as stubby metacarpalia and cystic changes of carpalia. Coarse face developed earlier than in the finnish patients described earlier. Thin cortex of long bones and cortical thickness of metacarpalia was not found in our patients.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical course and risk factors in patients with generalized mycoses].

A retrospective analysis of the clinical course of disseminated fungal infections in 32 patients revealed 25 cases of candidiasis, 5 patients with aspergillosis, and 2 with mixed fungal infections. All patients had undergone cytostatic therapy for malignant hematological diseases as the predisposing risk factor for fungal infection. 30 patients had severe granulocytopenia (less than 500/cmm). In addition, 30 patients had received broad spectrum antibiotics and 16 had been treated with corticosteroids. 17 of 32 patients were treated systemically with antimycotic drugs for proven fungal infection. No antimycotic agents were given to 15 patients because fungal infections were diagnosed only on post mortem examination. 19 patients succumbed to overwhelming disease, including 5 in spite of antimycotic therapy. Patients in whom systemic candidiasis was detected after recovery of granulocytopoeisis had a better prognosis than patients who developed systemic fungal infections during the period of ongoing severe granulocytopenia.

Adult↗