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Biomedical subjects

H Sawada

Publications and source records attributed to H Sawada.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Genome typing of adenovirus strains isolated from conjunctivitis in Japan, Australia, and the Philippines.

DNA restriction endonuclease analysis for genome typing of adenovirus (Ad) DNA was carried out on a total of 65 Ad isolates including serotypes Ad4, Ad7, Ad8, Ad11, Ad19, and Ad37 from patients with epidemic keratoconjunctivitis and acute conjunctivitis obtained in Japan from 1982 to 1986, Australia from 1973 to 1986, and the Philippines in 1984. All 4 isolates of Ad7 in Australia were Ad7b. Four of 6 Ad11 isolates obtained in Japan were typed as Ad11 prototype (Ad11p), and the remaining were identified to be new genome types, designated tentatively as Ad11c and Ad11d. An isolate of Ad11 obtained in Australia was typed as Ad11c. Nine Ad8 isolates in Australia and in the Philippines were typed as Ad8p, but 11 Ad8 isolates in Japan were Ad8b. Thirteen Ad19 isolates were identified as Ad19a. All 3 isolates of Ad37 in Japan and three isolates in Australia before 1982 were typed as Ad37p, however, 5 isolates in Australia after 1983 were identified as a new genome type, designated as Ad37d. In Japan, 10 isolates of Ad4 were identified as Ad4a.

Adenoviridae Infections↗
PubMed1988

Stromal cell-dependent growth of leukemic cells from murine erythroblastic leukemia.

Transplantable erythroblastic leukemia was induced by 300-rad irradiation of C3H mice. Conditions for in vitro growth of the leukemic cells were studied. None of interleukin-3, granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor and erythropoietin could support the growth of the cells in vitro. In contrast, the leukemic cells grew into a stroma-dependent cell line, ELM-D, in close contact with the stromal cell layer of 900-rad-irradiated long-term bone marrow culture. A stroma-independent cell line, termed ELM-I-1, was further established from the non-adherent population in the co-culture of the leukemic cells, ELM-D, with stromal cells. Reverse transcriptase activity was not detectable in ELM-D or ELM-I-1 cells. Studies on binding and cross-linking of 125I-erythropoietin showed that ELM-I-1 cells had erythropoietin receptors, and two major radiolabeled protein products with molecular weights of 120 kDa and 140 kDa were detected on sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under reducing conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Application of freeze-etch replication for the observation of the cell-extracellular matrix interface of cultured cells.

In order to investigate the ultrastructural three-dimensional relationship between extracellular matrices (ECM) and the plasma membranes of cultured cells, a freeze-etch replica method was devised. Bovine corneal endothelial cells were cultured on a Collodion film which covered a hole punched in a plastic coverslip, and were quickly frozen with a slammer with their basal surface facing a liquid nitrogen-cooled copper block. The cells were placed upside-down in a Balzers freeze-fracture machine and freeze-etched, and then platinum-carbon replicas were obtained. The structure of the ECM-plasma membrane interface was observed successfully and so this technique provides a new approach for investigating the ECM-plasma membrane (matrix-receptor) relationship.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Staurosporine, a novel protein kinase inhibitor, enhances HL-60-cell differentiation induced by various compounds.

The effect of staurosporine, a novel calcium/phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase C) inhibitor, on differentiation of human promyelocytic leukemic HL-60 cells, was investigated. Staurosporine inhibited HL-60-cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner, but did not induce HL-60-cell differentiation by itself. When staurosporine was added to HL-60 cells treated with a suboptimal concentration (1 nM) of 1 alpha,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3), cell differentiation was enhanced in a concentration-dependent manner and the percentages of nitro blue tetrazolium reducing ability and nonspecific esterase activity-positive cells increased from 6% to 51% and from 8% to 54%, respectively, on day 4 at a concentration of 5 nM. Staurosporine (5 nM) achieved almost the same enhancement effect in cultures treated with suboptimal concentrations of 1 nM all-trans-beta-retinoic acid (RA), 3 ng/ml actinomycin D (Act D), 100 microM dibutyryl cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate (dbc AMP), and 50 microM prostaglandin E1 (PG E1). These results suggest that the inhibition of protein kinase C activity by staurosporine exerts an important role in HL-60-cell differentiation induced by various compounds. Moreover, staurosporine (5 nM) completely inhibited optimal concentrations (50 nM) of [12-o-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA)]-induced cell differentiation, but enhanced optimal concentrations of dbc AMP (1 mM)-induced cell differentiation. On the other hand, 1-(5-isoquinolinyl-sulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine, which has been reported to inhibit cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase A) as much as protein kinase C, completely inhibited both cell differentiations induced by optimal concentrations of TPA (50 nM) and induced by optimal concentrations of dbc AMP (1 mM), and did not significantly enhance HL-60-cell differentiation induced by suboptimal concentrations of 1,25(OH)2D3, RA, and dbc AMP. Therefore, these results suggest that the inhibition of protein kinase C, which is not accompanied by that of protein kinase A, is concerned with the induction of HL-60-cell differentiation.

1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine↗
PubMed1988

An outbreak of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis due to Coxsackie virus type A24 variant in Japan.

An outbreak of acute conjunctivitis due to Coxsackie virus A24 (CA24) occurred in Okinawa, the southernmost island of Japan, from 1985 to 1986. From conjunctival scrapings of 85 acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis patients, 39 isolates identified as an antigenic variant of CA24 were obtained and then cultured in HeLa cells. Paired sera taken from these patients with acute conjunctivitis in Okinawa were also tested against enterovirus 70 (EV70) and CA24 and showed rises in neutralizing antibodies to these agents. The subconjunctival hemorrhage among the clinical manifestations caused by the CA24 variant in this recent epidemic was similar to that due to EV70. EV70 conjunctivitis is more commonly known as acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC), first named by the Japanese ophthalmologist, Prof. Seiji Sugiura. The present seroepidemiologic survey for the CA24 variant and EV70 in different districts of Japan revealed a low frequency of rise in neutralizing antibody titers against these two pathogens. The differentiation between EV70 and the CA24 variant as the agent causing AHC is very important in epidemiology, especially as there is a high possibility in Japan of outbreaks caused by these two agents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Restriction fragment length polymorphism of bcr in Japanese patients with hematological malignancies.

We surveyed DNAs from patients with various hematological malignancies by Southern blot hybridization to analyze bcr rearrangements, and detected a new restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of the breakpoint cluster region at a BamHI site in three patients. By using a 1.2-kb HindIII-BglII 3' bcr probe, unusual BamHI restriction enzyme fragments (1.9 kb and 1.4 kb) were detected from the DNAs of three patients with hematological malignancies. DNAs from cultured fibroblasts derived from the skin of a patient, as well as from peripheral leukocytes of the father of a patient and the mother of another patient, showed identical 1.9- and 1.4-kb additional bands, besides a 3.3-kb germline band, establishing that polymorphism, rather than gene arrangement, was responsible for these additional restriction enzyme fragments. However, RFLP was not detected in the DNAs of 40 normal unrelated individuals.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed1988

Clonal assay of mast cell progenitors in semi-solid culture with a high seeding efficiency.

In vitro clonal assay of murine mast cell progenitors was examined in semi-solid culture by using conditioned medium of a murine leukemic T-cell line (STIL-3) as the source of interleukin 3 (IL-3). In soft agar gel, mast cell colonies were formed with a seeding efficiency of 100-200 per 10(5) bone marrow cells, which was much higher than previously reported data. Macrophages were distinguishable from mast cells by their characteristic "foamy" appearance in toluidine blue and May-Grünwald-Giemsa stained preparations and by their capacity to phagocytize carbon particles. Thus, the present method may provide a sensitive assay technique for the quantitative evaluation of mast cell progenitors.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Effects of age, weight and heart rate on cardiac function at rest in normal subjects].

The effects of age, body weight, and heart rate on cardiac function and left ventricular (LV) volumes at rest were determined for 203 normal subjects, aged 10 to 75 years, using a multiple linear regression model. LV volume was calculated by the formula: volume = 7 X dimension3/(2.4 + dimension). There were age-related increases in ejection fraction, mean velocity of circumferential shortening (mVcf), fractional shortening (FS), stroke volume (SV), and cardiac output (CO). Weight-related increases in SV and CO were observed. Heart rate-related increases in mVcf and CO were also observed. LV volumes at end-systole and at the end of the rapid filling, and slow filling phases decreased with age and increased with weight. However, end-diastolic volume increased with weight, independently of age. The change in LV volume during the rapid filling phase increased with weight; that during the slow filling phase was independent of age, weight, or heart rate. The change in LV volume during the atrial contraction phase increased with age and weight. The ratio of the change in LV volume during atrial contraction to end-diastolic volume was age-related, but independent of weight and heart rate [(an increase in LV volume during atrial contraction)/(end-diastolic volume) = 0.0032 X age (years) + 0.00042 X weight (Kg) + 0.034 X RR interval (sec)]; (r = 0.67, p less than 0.001). The velocity of change in LV volume during the rapid filling phase decreased and that during atrial contraction increased with age.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Treadmill exercise echocardiography: quantitative analysis of regional left ventricular wall motion by computer graphics].

To detect significant coronary lesions based on exercise-induced reversible asynergy, two-dimensional echocardiograms were recorded before and immediately after treadmill exercise test in 15 patients with angina pectoris (AP) and six patients with neurocirculatory asthenia (NCA). Short-axis views of the left ventricle were analyzed quantitatively, using the following indices: segmental area change (%A); segmental wall thickness change (%Th); and relative curvature (rC) which was the product of curvature of each segment multiplied by end-diastolic circumference. The results were compared with those of coronary angiography, T1-201 myocardial emission computed tomography, and exercise electrocardiography. 1. The results of comparisons of quantitative analysis by %A, %Th, and rC with qualitative (visual) analysis were as follows: the sensitivities were 57%, 74% and 91%; the specificities were 75%, 75% and 90%; and the accuracies were 68%, 75% and 90%, respectively. 2. To detect coronary stenosis of more than 75%, visual assessments and assessments by rC were superior to assessments by %Th or %A. The accuracies were 93%, 91%, 73% and 61%, respectively. 3. In five cases with three-vessel disease, all diseased coronary arteries were detected by treadmill exercise echocardiography using rC as an index. However, by treadmill exercise T1-201 myocardial emission computed tomography, the diagnosis of three-vessel disease was possible in only one case. 4. The results of treadmill exercise electrocardiography were positive in 11 of 15 the AP patients and in all six NCA patients. The results of exercise echocardiography using rC as an index were normal in all NCA patients and abnormal in 14 of the 15 AP patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Suppression of genetic resistance to bone marrow grafts and natural killer activity by administration of fat emulsion.

Graft rejection is one of the major obstacles to successful bone marrow transplantation (BMT). If resistance to marrow grafting could be avoided, BMT could be used widely in treatment of hematological and immunological disorders. There has been evidence that natural killer (NK) cells play a major role in genetic resistance to BMT and that macrophages are also involved in genetic resistance. Agents toxic to macrophages such as silica and carrageenan have been found to have a suppressive effect on genetic resistance to BMT. Parenteral fat emulsions are known to accumulate in macrophages and to impair various functions of macrophages and those of the reticuloendothelial system. We show here that the administration of a fat emulsion, Intralipos 20%, to recipient mice can suppress genetic resistance to bone marrow grafts and NK cell activity probably through the impairment of the macrophage function. The administration of the fat emulsion might be a new tactic in conditioning protocols for human BMT in the future.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[A cancer of unknown primary site with diffuse metastasis to the bone marrow treated effectively with FAM combination chemotherapy].

A patient with cancer of unknown primary site suffering from diffuse bone marrow metastasis and DIC, was treated with FAM (5-fluorouracil, adriamycin and mitomycin C) combination chemotherapy. She was a 58-year-old housewife. Bone marrow biopsy revealed that her marrow tissue was completely replaced by cancer cells, and bone scintigraphy showed diffuse bone marrow metastasis in all the vertebrae, sternum, pelvic bones and skull. After 5 months administration of 3 courses of FAM therapy, the cancer cells were completely eradicated in the bone marrow upon biopsy taken at almost the same position as the previous one. The values of CEA, CA 19-9 and CA 125 were normalized, suggesting that this therapy was very effective.

Anemia, Myelophthisic↗