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Biomedical subjects

H Sauer

Publications and source records attributed to H Sauer.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Cobalamin dependent methionine synthesis and methyl-folate-trap in human vitamin B12 deficiency.

The activity of methionine synthetase (MS) is important for the rapid growth of human haematopoietic cells and cultured lymphoblastoid cells. The MS reaction is the only known metabolic step in which both vitamin B12 and folate are essential in a single enzyme reaction. In vitamin B12 deficiency the MS activity in bone marrow cells is significantly lower than that in normal bone marrow. Free tetrahydrofolic acid (H4PteGlu) is normally liberated from its metabolically inactive storage form, 5-methyl-H4PteGlu (CH3H4PteGlu), in the cobalamin-dependent MS reaction. Thus, in vitamin B12 deficiency H4PteGlu is not available in sufficient concentration to maintain the de novo synthesis of thymidylate and purines, and accords with the methyl-folate-trap hypothesis. After treatment with amethopterin (Methotrexate), the incorporation of 3H-deoxyuridine into cellular DNA is reduced. In proliferating normal cells this effect of methotrexate can be prevented (and the cells rescued) with CH3-H4PteGlu or with CHO-H4PteGlu (5-formyl-H4PteGlu; Leucovorin). On the other hand, in vitamin B12 deficient bone marrow cells this so-called rescue-effect could only be achieved with CHO-H4PteGlu and not with CH3-H4PteGlu. These observations also support the hypothesis of the methyl-folate-trap in vitamin B12 deficiency. Decreased MS activity in vitamin B12 deficiency seems to be the essential metabolic fault, which is responsible for secondary alterations of folate metabolims. Thus, measurement of MS activity may allow direct functional assessment of vitamin B12 deficiency, at least with regard to DNA metabolism.

5-Methyltetrahydrofolate-Homocysteine S-Methyltran↗
PubMed1977

[Growth of the jaw after preoperative orthodontic treatment of cleft lip and cleft palate].

In 48 patients a systematized therapeutic model plan for the preoperative and postoperative orthodontic treatment of patients with unilateral or bilateral cleft lips and palates is pursued. In addition to stimulation and growth control of the maxillary alveolar segments in a transverse direction and at the segment poles, increasing sagittal development is observed in a later developmental phase.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1977

[Studies on the surgical and chemotherapeutic management of oral cancer].

Of the 101 patients who have been treated with bleomycin since 1971 two groups were formed: Group I: Preoperative chemotherapy with 345 mg bleomycin, followed by radical operation. Group II: 200 mg bleomycin preoperatively, followed by radical operation and postoperative chemotherapy up to a total dose of 345 mg bleomycin. 1. Bleomycin- induced cellular alterations showed a dose-time relation. 2. The treatment plan for group II with 200 mg bleomycin preoperatively plus postoperative cytostatic therapy up to a total of 345 mg resulted in less recurrences and fewer distant metastases than the sole preoperative application of the full dose of 345 mg bleomycin. 3. In all cases, preoperative microscopic examination after administration of the full dose of 345 mg still showed tumor cells with possible growth potential.

Bleomycin↗
PubMed1977

[Studies on antigenspecific immunosuppression: Influence of 6-mercaptopurine-BGG-conjugates on BGG binding cells (author's transl)].

The rosette forming cell (RFC) response of different lymphoid organs (spleen, lymph node, peripheral blood) of guinea pigs was examined by immunocytoadherence. The method has been adapted to work with the soluble antigen BGG. The number of antigen binding cells following immunization with BGG in CFA reached the highest level on day 6 in Ln. popliteus and on the 10th day in spleen and peripheral blood. It is shown that the highest level of antigen binding cells appears generally before the maximum of circulating antibodies. After i.p.-immunization to alum-adsorbed BGG we only detected a small number of RFCs. After pretreatment with 6-mercaptopurineI-25-BGG (MP-BGG) and a control substance (toluylI-25-BGG) over 8 days and in increasing doses we obtained an antigenspecific suppression of BGG binding cells following MP-BGG treatment. In contrast to these findings the antibody titres were only slightly decreased in the beginning of the immune response.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Diabetes mellitus in idiopathic haemochromatosis (author's transl)].

In 28 out of 40 patients with idiopathic haemochromatosis manifest diabetes mellitus could be demonstrated 19 patients required insulin. Treatment of diabetes with or without insulin was problem-free. In only two patients there was an insulin resistance which required high doses of insulin some of the time. There was a family history of diabetes in eleven patients. Minimal diabetic retinopathy in two patients was the only typical complication specific to diabetes. Severe forms of microangiopathy are seldom seen in haemochromatosis diabetes. This form of diabetes is probably mainly of genetic origin. Liver cirrhosis and fibrosis and possibly pancreatic siderosis are additional factors to be considered. A sufficiently long and intensive venesection treatment leads to clinical improvement in the diabetes in only a small fraction of the haemochromatosis patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Clinical use of NPH insulin (author's transl)].

NPH Insulin-Retard Leo has an even action spread over about 20 hours. Despite this long duration of action, single daily injections proved to be adequate in only 9-12% of diabetic patients. Twice daily injection provided a highly favourable fasting blood sugar level in all instances. Because of the small initial effect, the addition of regular insulin proved necessary in some of the patients. 50:50 mixture of regular and NPH Insulin-Retard Leo is available as Insulin Initard Leo, a 30:70 mixture as Insulin Semitard Leo. There remains a group of diabetics who should mix them to their own individual requirements. There were no local reactions when using highly purified components, as long as it was the first time that the patients used such insulin or were changed over from other reaction-free preparations. Diabetics with cutaneous allergies due to other forms of insulin had the same response to NPH preparations as to highly purified insulins of other forms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Present state in synchronization therapy of malignant tumors and acute leukemias (author's transl)].

Chemotherapy of malignant tumors can be made more effective by synchronization of the cell cycle. Synchronization therapy consists of a synchronizing step (phase I), an interval and a cytocidal step (phase II). Some regimens till now approved in clinical treatment are presented. The results are found to be encouraging. In all schedules three effects work together namely synchronization recruitment, summation.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1976

[Pharmakokinetics of hydroxy-urea. Therapy of acute myeoblastic leukemias using synchronization and recruitment effects (author' transl)].

By a plasma-concentration of hydroxy-urea (HU) higher than 0.5-2.2x10(-4)M the DNA-synthesis in leukemia cells was blocked reversibly in 9 patients. The plasma half-time of HU varied between 120 and 198 min. To synchronize leukemic cell populations the DNS-synthesis was blocked over a period of 36 hours by maintaining the HU-concentration above the critical lower level. In a second phase-specific therapeutic step cytosine-arabinoside (AraC) was given 4 times in a dose of 1 mg/kg each. A recruitment after the application of AarC made more cells available for the next following synchronization step. 4 acute myeloblastic leukemias with high peripheral cell counts were treated according to this schedule. One patient is still in complete remission for now 14 month. This synchronization/recruitment schedule seems to be successful in acute myeloblastic leukemias with high proliferation rates measured by biochemical and cytokinetic methods.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1976

[Gastrostomy in paediatric surgery (author's transl)].

Gastrostomy has the same field of application as the feeding tube which is introduced either orally or nasally. With careful nursing and surgical technique, only few and slight disturbances are to be expected. This method, however, ist not suited for routine application by the premature baby because of its possible septic complications.

Esophageal Stenosis↗
PubMed1975

Kinetics of bile acid metabolism in experimental blind loop syndrome.

In an experimental model of the contaminated small bowel syndrome, Eriksson's washout technique was used to study bile salt metabolism. Bile salt secretion rate was increased from 204-7 +/- SD 36-5 mumol/100 g body weight/24 h to 329-9 +/- 146-6, pool size from 33-4 +/- 5-4 mumol/100 g BW to 42-5 +/- 7-2, and biliary flow from 6-6 +/- 1-72 ml/100 g BW/24 h to 8-4 +/- 2.1. Detailed analysis of the washout curves gave indirect evidence of a short-circuit jejunohepatic shunt in the model contaminated small bowel syndrome. Parameters of this shunt were calculated with 9-1 mumol/100 g BW for 'short-circuit' pool size and 13-8 for its circulation frequency.

Animals↗