Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Satoh

Publications and source records attributed to H Satoh.

At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Effect of tiapride on the activity of neuroleptics and other kinds of drugs in mice and rats].

Tiapride is a central dopamine receptor specific antagonist, and it has a benzamide chemical structure. This drug is very useful for the treatment of dyskinesia and such abnormal behaviors as delirium and psychomotor excitation in patients with arteriosclerosis. Most of these patients are elderly and generally suffer from other diseases. Since they are apt to be treated with several drugs for such diseases, the effect of tiapride in combination with various kinds of drugs was examined in rats and mice. Tiapride significantly potentiated the catalepsy-inducing effect of haloperidol and chlorpromazine in rats and tended to potentiate the muscle relaxing effect of diazepam at the highest dose in mice. Conversely, tiapride did not enhance or diminish the hypnotic effect of bromvalerylurea, the anticholinergic activity of trihexyphenidyl, the diuretic effect of bromvalerylurea, the anti-cholinergic activity of trihexyphenidyl, the diuretic effect of trichloromethiazide, or the anti-diabetic effect of glibenclamide. Our findings suggest that tiapride should be used with care in patients taking neuroleptics, but can be used freely in patients on other kinds of drugs.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Effects of nitrendipine on cardiovascular systems].

Cardiovascular effects of nitrendipine were examined in anesthetized dogs, blood-perfused canine papillary muscles and isolated arteries. In anesthetized dogs, nitrendipine by intravenous (0.3-10 micrograms/kg) or intraduodenal (0.1 mg/kg) administration lowered blood pressure and increased coronary and vertebral blood flow. Nitrendipine also decreased the difference in oxygen concentrations between arterial and coronary sinus blood, which indicates that nitrendipine increased the oxygen supply to the heart. Myocardial oxygen consumption was slightly increased at a low dose (3 micrograms/kg, i.v.) accompanied with a small increase in max dP/dt, but was decreased at high doses (30-100 micrograms/kg, i.v.). A negative inotropic effect was observed in blood-perfused canine papillary muscles. However, nitrendipine is thought to be highly vasoselective because much higher doses were required to decrease the myocardial contraction than to increase the coronary blood flow. Furthermore, nitrendipine suppressed the contraction induced by KCl, acetylcholine, histamine, norepinephrine, 5-hydroxytryptamine and prostaglandin F2 alpha of porcine coronary arteries, and the rhythmic contraction induced by 3,4-diaminopyridine of canine coronary arteries. In isolated rabbit aortic preparations, nitrendipine strongly inhibited the KCl-induced contraction, but not the phenylephrine-induced contraction. These effects of nitrendipine were almost similar to those of nifedipine. It is suggested that nitrendipine decreases afterload (blood pressure), increases the blood flow and oxygen supply to the heart, and inhibits coronary spasm, which is due to the calcium antagonistic effect. Nitrendipine may be useful for the treatment of ischemic heart diseases.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Effects of acetyl-L-carnitine on the brain lipofuscin content and emotional behavior in aged rats.

The effects of long-term dosing with acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) were examined in aged rats, and they were compared with those in young rats. ALC significantly reduced the lipofuscin deposition in the brain of aged rats. Emotional parameters such as locomotor activity and rearing behavior are lower in aged rats than in young rats, and these behaviors decreased in both age groups during the experiments. ALC diminished the decrease of these emotional behaviors, especially in rearing behavior in the aged rats. Furthermore, ALC had no effect on body weight gain. These results might reflect one of the main beneficial pharmacological mechanisms of ALC in clinical use.

Acetylcarnitine↗
PubMed1988

[Determination of various tumor markers, with special reference to sialyl SSEA-1 antigen in lung cancer].

Tumor markers including sialyl SSEA-1 antigen (SLX) were measured in 77 patients with lung cancer and 116 patients with benign respiratory diseases. Increased levels of serum SLX were observed in 57.6% (19/33) of adenocarcinoma of the lung, and an overall positive rate was 42.9% (33/77) in lung cancer cases. The false positive incidence of SLX in the sera from the patients with non-malignant diseases was as low as 8.6%. Among other tumor markers determined, serum CA 19-9, CEA had a relatively high positive rate, but the false positive incidence were not low. In cases of poor prognostic cases of with adenocarcinoma of the lung, SLX levels became levels higher than the previous ones, but not in cases of other cell types were not. Not only in the patients with lung cancer but also in those with benign respiratory diseases such as bronchiectasis and lung fibrosis, high levels of SLX seemed to suggest poor prognosis. These results indicate that SLX may contribute for monitoring and prognosis of the cases of lung cancer and other respiratory diseases.

Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate↗
PubMed1988

Antiinflammatory and antiallergic effects of a novel metabolite of Nocardiopsis sp. as a potent protein kinase C inhibitor from microbial origin.

The antiallergic and antiinflammatory effects of the new protein kinase C and calmodulin inhibitor K-252a (8R, 9S, 11S)-(-)-9-hydroxy-9-methoxycarbonyl-8-methyl-2,3,9,10-tetrahydro-8,11- epoxy-1H,8H,11H-2,7b,11a-triazadibenzo [a,g]cycl oocta [cde] trinden-1-one) were investigated in animal models, and the following results were obtained: 1. Oral administration of K-252a, ketotifen or oxatomide showed a dose-dependent inhibition on 48 h homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in rats and anaphylactic bronchoconstriction in passively sensitized guinea pigs. 2. K-252a (1-100 mg/kg p.o.) exerted a dose-dependent protection against platelet-activating factor (PAF)-induced mortality in mice. This protective effect of K-252a was sustained for 7 h. 3. K-252a (1-100 mg/kg p.o.), as well as dexamethasone (1 mg/kg s.c.), showed remarkable inhibitory effects on rat paw edema induced by carrageenin, zymosan, PAF, and antigen-antibody reaction (passive Arthus reaction) and on the croton oil-induced rat ear edema. On the other hand, indomethacin (10 mg/kg p.o.) significantly inhibited carrageenin-induced edema, but did not inhibit edema induced by other phlogistic agents. Based on these results it is suggested that K-252a, by oral administration, has antiallergic and antiinflammatory effects.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1988

Scanning electron microscopic observations of the ependymal cell and the subependymal layer of the third brain ventricle in the rat.

This investigation was undertaken to clarify the three dimensional ultrastructure of the subependymal layer in relation with the ependymal cell layer in rat brain using the scanning electron microscope (SEM). The subependymal layer existing below the ependyma of the third ventricle in the brain of mature albino rats was examined with S E M. The hypothalamus freshly excised after median sagittal section was treated by collagenase with or without trypsin for a short while to remove the ependymal cells at the ventricular wall. After the enzymatic pretreatment of the specimen, many ependymal cells were removed and the subependymal layer was partially exposed. Most of the ciliated ependymal cells remaining at the ventricular wall extended long, single basal processes which then penetrated into the subependymal layer. The subependymal layer was composed of a delicate framework of thin processes of glial cells, ependymal cells and, in addition nerve cells. Scattered among the neuropil just beneath the ependymal cell layer, there were relatively small, globular subependymal cells. Occasionally, there were large bundles of unmyelinated nerve fibres in the subependymal layer. The individual nerve fibres distinctly showed many axonal varicosities within the fibres. Intermingled with the nerve fibres, glial processes of various forms were present. The structure of the ependymal cells and the subependymal layer was compared with the findings already reported in the studies using light and transmission electron microscope.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Pharmacokinetics and clinical evaluation of ceftriaxone in neonates].

A parenteral cephem antibiotic ceftriaxone (CTRX) was studied for its pharmacokinetic features and clinical efficacy and safety in various infections in neonates including premature infants at 11 institutions associated with Japan Perinatal Infection Research Group. The following results obtained are summarized as follows. 1. Following single intravenous bolus injections with 10 and 20 mg/kg of CTRX, serum levels of the drug at 30 minutes post-dose 36-42 micrograms/ml and 46-76 micrograms/ml, respectively, and those at 12 hours post-dose were 10-14 micrograms/ml and 13-21 micrograms/ml, respectively, in a total of 105 neonates. Serum levels detected were on very gentle descending curves. 2. Half-lives (T 1/2) of the drug in serum were significantly prolonged in 0-3 day age groups of both mature and premature infants: it was especially long in premature infants with age of 0-3 days; i.e., 17.1 hours. There was no difference in T 1/2 between the 4-7 day and 8-28 day age groups. 3. Urinary excretion rates were 20-30% in the first 6 hours post-dose and 30-40% in 12 hours post-dose, in 80 neonates examined. 4. Clinical efficacy: Clinical efficacies were evaluated in 112 of 168 enrolled excluding infants with 90 days of age or older, who were treated for prophylaxis and unevaluable cases. The safety was evaluated in 161 of the 168. (1) Demographic background of the 112 cases: The 112 cases were composed of 89 neonates with ages of 28 days or younger, 21 premature infants, 57 males and 55 females. The drug was given to 102 of the cases by intravenous bolus injection, with 81 cases administered twice a day and 97 cases receiving 10-50 mg/kg a day. (2) Efficacy rate in the 112 cases: In 60 cases for whom causative pathogens were identified the efficacy rate was 90.0% in total (excellent: 31/60; good: 23/60); efficacy rates of 87.5% were obtained in 8 cases with purulent meningitis and 90.9% in 11 with septicemia. In 52 with causative pathogen not identified, the efficacy rate was 96.2% in total (excellent: 21/52; good: 29/52). (3) Adverse reaction: Adverse reactions were noted in 14 of the 161 cases where the safety was evaluated (8.7%). These reactions included diarrhea in 11, vomiting in 2 and exanthema in 1. Abnormalities in laboratory test values were observed in 25 of the 152 cases (16.4%). They included eosinophilia in 14, elevated GOT in 4 and thrombocytosis in 3 etc.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Age Factors↗
PubMed1988

[A clinical study of extended profundaplasty for severely ischemic limbs].

Between January 1986 October 1987, extended profundaplasty was performed on 11 severely ischemic limbs of eight patients with extended arteriosclerotic occlusions, associated with surgery for improvement in inflow. The subjects were all males, and ages ranged from 62 to 84 years (mean: 72.8 years). Symptoms were disabling claudication in one limb (1 case), rest pain in 5 (4 cases), and gangrene of the foot or ulcer of the toes in 5 (3 cases). Preoperative ankle pressure index (API) was 0 in 7 limbs (5 cases), and between 0.11 and 0.27 in the remaining 4 limbs (3 cases). Thrombectomy was performed in two cases, axillo-bifemoral bypass in 5, femoro-femoral bypass in one, and aorto-bifemoral bypass in one, as surgery for improvement in inflow. Although postoperative API remained 0 in 4 limbs, it increased between 0.36 and 0.56 in the remaining limbs. One subject died of heart failure on the 22nd postoperative day, and two limbs required below-knee amputation. Limb salvage rate was 81.8%. Extended profundaplasty seems to be a worthwhile choice of treatment as a limb salvage operation for severely ischemic limbs due to extended arteriosclerotic occlusions involving not only aorto-iliac but also femoro-popliteal or crural segment.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[A case of a probable "cancer family syndrome" presenting four synchronous malignancies of the colon].

A 72-year-old male was admitted because of right lower quadrant pain, Barium enema and total colonoscopy disclosed multiple colon cancers and sequentially, a subtotal colectomy was performed. The resected specimen demonstrated 3 advanced carcinomas and an adenomatous cancer with additional multiple polyps. Investigation of his family history revealed that his mother and his elder sister had died of uterine cancer, and that his elder brother, his nephew, and his niece had been operated on for colorectal cancer. We thus supposed a case of "Cancer Family Syndrome" presenting multiple neoplasms of the colon.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

Metabolic basis for a drug hypersensitivity: antibodies in sera from patients with halothane hepatitis recognize liver neoantigens that contain the trifluoroacetyl group derived from halothane.

Previous studies have demonstrated that antibodies in sera from patients with halothane hepatitis recognize halothane-induced liver microsomal polypeptide neoantigens, and have suggested that these antibodies may play a role in the pathogenesis of the hepatitis. In the present study, the mechanism of neoantigen generation was investigated. Liver microsomes from rats treated in vivo with halothane or deuterated halothane were tested by immunoblotting for reactivity with patients' sera and with an antiserum specific for the covalently bound trifluoroacetyl (TFA) halide metabolite of halothane. Rat liver microsomes incubated aerobically or anaerobically with halothane or deuterated halothane in vitro, +/- NADPH and/or NADH, were also analyzed. The results obtained demonstrate that neoantigen expression involves oxidative halothane metabolism by cytochromes P-450 to TFA halide and covalent binding of the TFA group to the proteins. Incubation of microsomes from halothane-treated rats with 1 M piperidine cleaved the TFA groups from the proteins and abolished antigenicity, confirming this conclusion. Recognition of the neoantigens by the patients' antibodies was inhibited only partially using the hapten derivative N-E-TFA-L-lysine. It appears that the patients' antibodies recognize epitopes consisting of the TFA group plus associated structural features of the protein carriers (100 kDa, 76 kDa, 59 kDa, 57 kDa and 54 kDa), not the TFA hapten alone. To our knowledge, this constitutes the first characterization of drug metabolite-tissue protein neoantigens implicated in a drug hypersensitivity. The approach described may be of general utility for characterization of drug-induced neoantigens associated with other drug hypersensitivities.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Evaluation on ceftriaxone administered intravenously in neonates].

Ceftriaxone (CTRX) was clinically evaluated and its pharmacokinetics studied in neonates. The results obtained are summarized below. 1. Blood levels of CTRX at 8 to 12 hours after intravenous injection with a single dose of 10 to 20 mg/kg ranged from 14.9 to 32.8 micrograms/ml, while T1/2 ranged from 8.2 to 24.8 hours. 2. Blood levels of CTRX at 11 hours after the completion of drip infusion which lasted one hour with a dose level 10 to 20 mg/kg, ranged from 10.6 to 25.0 micrograms/ml, while T1/2 was 5.4 to 22.8 hours. 3. Multiple intravenous administrations were given to premature infants, but blood levels did not show evidence of drug accumulation. 4. Urinary excretion in 6 hours after an intravenous injection or a drip infusion with 10 approximately 20 mg/kg of CTRX ranged from 13.8 to 58.5% of the dosage. 5. The subjects in this study were 9 neonates with suspected sepsis, pneumonia, Staphylococcus epidermidis or Staphylococcus aureus infections (sepsis, staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, pneumonia), acute bronchitis or meconium aspiration syndrome. Efficacies CTRX were excellent or good in all these cases administered in a daily dose of 19.5 to 41.6 mg/kg for 4 to 11 days. 6. No general side effects or abnormalities were observed in blood count, or hepatic or renal function.

Bacterial Infections↗