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Biomedical subjects

H Satoh

Publications and source records attributed to H Satoh.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Determinants of circadian blood pressure variation: a community-based study in Ohasama.

We investigated factors affecting the nocturnal decline in blood pressure (BP). A cross sectional study was done in 706 community-based untreated subjects > or = 20 years of age. Screening and ambulatory BPs were measured and the effects of age and the ambulatory BP on the nocturnal decline were examined. Bivariate analysis demonstrated that the magnitude of the decline and the percent decline in the nocturnal BP increased with increase in daytime ambulatory BP and decreased with increase in nighttime ambulatory BP. Although the magnitude of the nocturnal decline in BP increased with increasing daytime BP, the nocturnal BP in hypertensives was still higher than those in normotensives. The magnitude decreased with increasing age in men but not in women, while the percent decline decreased with increasing age in both men and women. Since bivariate analysis demonstrated that the daytime BP, nighttime BP, and standard deviation of the 24-hour BP strongly correlated with the magnitude of the nocturnal decline, these parameters were excluded as independent variables from the multivariate analysis. In the multivariate analysis the nighttime pulse pressure was negatively and daytime pulse pressure was positively associated with the magnitude of the decline and the percent decline in the nocturnal BP. A non-dipping circadian variation was frequently observed in elderly normotensive men but the rate of nondipper was rather low in hypertensive individuals in the general population. A marked dipping pattern was frequently observed in hypertensive women > or = 70 years of age. The nocturnal BP levels in subjects with daytime hypertension are higher than those in subjects with daytime normotension. Therefore, BP must ideally be lowered over 24-hour period in hypertensive subjects. The diminished magnitude of the decline and the decrease in the percent decline in the nocturnal BP in the elderly may be mediated by the disturbed baroreflex function due to the decrease in compliance of large elastic artery. However, in some elderly hypertensive women, excess nocturnal decline in BP is observed. In such subjects, we should take care of the nocturnal BP levels during treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Effect of hyperprolactinemia induced by neuroleptic agent, timiperone, on porphyrin content of mouse harderian gland.

The histology and porphyrin content of the Harderian gland and the serum prolactin levels were examined in male B6C3F1 mice treated with neuroleptic butyrophenones (timiperone and haloperidol) and treated concurrently with timiperone and 2-bromo-alpha-ergocryptine (bromocriptine), a potent suppressor of prolactin. Light-microscopically, both timiperone and haloperidol increased the number of accretions of porphyrin pigment within the Harderian gland lumina. Timiperone treatment of mice increased both the porphyrin content of the Harderian gland and the serum prolactin levels. Administration of bromocriptine to timiperone-treated mice distinctly prevented the rise in both tissue porphyrin and serum prolactin levels. In intact mice, bromocriptine also exerted inhibitory effects on both the Harderian gland porphyrin content and the serum prolactin level. Electron microscopic investigation revealed that the cytoplasm of type A cells in the Harderian glands of mice treated with timiperone contained trilaminar profiles similar to those seen in the intraluminar pigment masses. These results indicate that timiperone accelerates porphyrin secretion from the type A cells of the mouse Harderian gland by increasing the serum prolactin levels.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Oculomotor nerve palsy caused by lung cancer metastasis.

A 39-year-old man with a known diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma developed intermittent double vision with right pupil dilatation. His symptoms eventually progressed to complete oculomotor nerve palsy on the right. Postmortem examinations revealed a metastasis of the adenocarcinoma involving the root of right oculomotor nerve.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

Elevated sialyl Lewis X-i antigen levels in pleural effusions in patients with carcinomatous pleuritis.

The levels of sialyl Lewis X-i antigen (SLX), which is one of the cancer-associated carbohydrate antigens, were evaluated in 83 malignant and 46 benign pleural effusions. SLX levels in pleural effusion due to lung adenocarcinoma were significantly higher than those due to benign diseases (p < 0.0001), lung cancer other than adenocarcinoma (p = 0.0052), and adenocarcinoma originating from other organs (p = 0.0492). According to receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the optimal cut-off level in the discrimination between malignant and benign pleural effusions was 92 U/ml, which gave a sensitivity of 57.1% and a specificity of 77.8%. The cut-off level of pleural effusion in patients with carcinomatous pleuritis might be higher than that of serum (38 U/ml).

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

Anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody-induced inflammation in rat cochlear plexus.

Autoimmune inner ear diseases have been recognized recently, but the mechanism of hearing loss is still unclear. This study was aimed to induce immunological inflammation in cochlea to establish a model and to examine an effect of prednisolone on the induction. Lewis rats were immunized with normal rabbit IgG in complete Freund's adjuvant, and then injected intravenously with rabbit anti-rat glomerular basement membrane (GBM) antibody twice (anti-GBM Ab group). The binding of anti-GBM antibody and inflammatory cell infiltration in the cochlear plexus were investigated using immunofluorescence microscopy. Immunofluorescence microscopic examination revealed specific binding of anti-GBM Ab to basement membrane of capillaries in the cochlear plexus. Compared to normal rats injected with saline, larger numbers of infiltrated CD4-positive T cells (p < 0.01) and monocytes/macrophages (p < 0.01) were observed. Furthermore, prednisolone suppressed the infiltration of CD4-positive cells (p < 0.05) and monocytes/macrophages (p < 0.01). These results suggest that an inflammatory reaction was induced by binding of anti-basement membrane antibody to cochlear capillaries in inner ear and that this inflammation in cochlea could be reduced by prednisolone.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Inhibitory factors of serum opsonic activity in serum from patients with chronic renal failure.

We investigated the mechanism of impaired serum opsonic activity in patients suffering from chronic renal failure (CRF). Prehemodialysis pooled serum from CRF patients was fractionated using Sephadex G-50 gel chromatography, and the effects of the obtained fractions on serum opsonic activity were examined using luminol-dependent chemiluminescence responses. Number 25-30 fractions in the prehemodialysis serum contained factors that may inhibit serum opsonic activity. The presumed molecular weight of these fractions is between 300 and 2800 daltons. These findings indicate that the inhibitory factors of serum opsonic activity may belong to middle molecules.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Reducing nurses'. Workload using a computerized nursing support system linked to the hospital information system.

A computerised nursing support system (CNSS) linked to the hospital information system (HIS) was developed and has been in use for one year, in order to reduce the workload of nurses. CNSS consists of (1) a hand held computer for each nurse (2) desk-top computers in the nurses' station and doctors' rooms (3) a data server (4) an interface with the main hospital information system. Nurses enter vital signs, food intake and other information about the patients into the hand held computer at the bed-side. The information is then sent automatically to the CNSS data server, which also receives patients' details (prescribed medicines etc.) from the HIS. Nurses and doctors can see all the information on the desk-top and hand held computers. This system was introduced in May 1995 into a university hospital ward with 40 beds. A questionnaire was completed by 23 nurses before and after the introduction of CNSS. The mean time required to post vital data was significantly reduced from 121 seconds to 54 seconds (p < 0.01). After three months 30% of nurses felt CNSS had reduced their workload, while 30% felt it had complicated their work; after five months 70% noted a reduction and 0% reported that CNSS had made their work more complex. The study therefore concludes that the interface between a computerised nursing support system and the hospital information system reduced the workload of nurses.

Humans↗
PubMed1997

[Effects of melatonin on muscle contractility and neuromuscular blockade produced by muscle relaxants].

Effects of melatonin on muscle contractility and on the blocking properties of succinylcholine and vecuronium were investigated in vitro using phrenic nerve-hemidiaphragm preparations of rats. Melatonin (26-520 microM) alone had almost no effect on the contractility. Melatonin (260 microM) markedly potentiated the block produced by succinylcholine, but melatonin had no effect on the block produced by vecuronium. Because the property of the block produced by succinylcholine is nicotinic receptor desensitization, we consider that melatonin potentiates succinylcholine-induced block with facilitation of the desensitization. These results suggest that melatonin has calcium channel blocking effect.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

The inhibitory effect of TMK688, a novel anti-allergic drug having both 5-lipoxygenase inhibitory activity and anti-histamine activity, against bronchoconstriction, leukotriene production and inflammatory cell infiltration in sensitized guinea pigs.

BACKGROUND: TMK688 is being developed as an anti-allergic drug having both 5-lipoxygenase inhibitory activity and anti-histamine activity. METHOD: We compared the inhibition of the late asthmatic responses by TMK688 with that by other anti-allergic agents in actively sensitized guinea pigs, and examined the relationship between 5-lipoxygenase inhibition and the late asthmatic responses. RESULTS: At 1-3.2 mg/kg, TMK688 inhibited the increases in respiratory resistance, leukotriene (LT) B4 and C4 production in the lungs and eosinophil infiltration into the alveoli during the late asthmatic response, whereas the effects tended to lessen at the dose of 10 mg/kg. These effects are thought to be caused by the 5-lipoxygenase inhibitory activity of TMK688 because Azelastine, an anti-allergic drug having potent antihistamine activity, exhibited no effect. ONO-1078, a peptide LT antagonist, inhibited the late-phase bronchoconstriction at a dose of 100 mg/kg p.o., but not the increase in the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the alveoli, suggesting that the late-phase bronchoconstriction is induced, in part, by peptide LTs, i.e. LT C4, D4 and E4 and that the inflammatory cell infiltration may be caused by LTB4. TMK688 inhibited the immediate bronchoconstriction dose-dependently, and the effect was significant at a dose of 10 mg/kg orally. Since Azelastine, Ketotifen and Oxatomide suppressed the bronchoconstriction at far lower doses than did TMK688, the inhibitory effect was mainly caused by its antihistamine activity. CONCLUSIONS: TMK688 appears to be a novel anti-allergic drug having inhibitory effects on both the bronchoconstriction and the infiltration of inflammatory cells during late asthmatic responses.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Clinical statistics on in-patients and operations during a 20-year period (1975-1994) at Department of Urology, Kansai Medical University].

The patients, diseases and operations experienced between 1975 and 1994 in our department were statistically analyzed. The numbers of in-patients and operations have been increasing since 1977. During these 20 years, endoscopic surgery has replaced many open surgical procedures. The introduction of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy has dramatically changed the therapeutic modality for urolithiasis, and decreased of the necessity of open surgery.

Female↗
PubMed1997

Proposal of reference values for home blood pressure measurement: prognostic criteria based on a prospective observation of the general population in Ohasama, Japan.

The purpose of this study was to propose reference values, from a viewpoint of prognostic significance, for blood pressure (BP) measured at home with a semiautomated device (home BP measurement) to differentiate normotension and hypertension. We obtained home BP measurements for 1,913 population-based subjects aged 40 years and over in a rural Japanese community and followed up their survival for a mean duration of 5.0 years. There were 141 deaths during the follow-up period. The association between baseline BP values and the overall mortality was examined by Cox proportional hazards regression model, adjusted for age, gender, and the use of antihypertensive medication. The results indicated that the predictive power of home BP level for subsequent mortality was stronger than that of casual screening BP. There was a linear association between home systolic BP and mortality. The association between home diastolic BP and mortality was nonlinear and well approximated with the secondary degree equation of diastolic BP values. Based on this relation, we propose that the reference value for hypertension is 137/84 mm Hg, and normotension is below 137 mm Hg for home systolic BP and between 66 and 83 mm Hg for home diastolic BP. Home diastolic BP below 66 mm Hg should be considered as low diastolic blood pressure. In this population, home systolic BP of 137 mm Hg and home diastolic BP of 84 mm Hg corresponded to the 80th and 87th percentiles, respectively. Then, 29% of the subjects were classified as having hypertension, 52% as normotension, and 19% as low diastolic blood pressure. All previous studies proposing reference values for home BP measurement, derived from cross-sectional observations, were based on the statistical distribution of home BP values. The reference value must, however, be the one that best predicts the risk for morbidity and mortality from hypertension-related complications. This is the first report proposing reference values for home BP measurement based on prognostic criteria.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Central sleep apnea syndrome successfully treated with nasal bi-level positive airway pressure and sleep position adjustment].

A 55-year-old obese man was admitted to our hospital because of a severe morning headache. He snored and had recurrent episodes of sleep apnea that began 10 years earlier and had since become much worse. An overnight polysomnographic recording confirmed that he had sleep apnea syndrome, predominantly of the central type. The apneas were more frequent when he lay on his back (apnea index 54.5) than on his side (apnea index 1.2). He was treated with sleep position adjustment and nasal bi-level positive airway pressure, inspiratory positive airway pressure at 5 cmH2O and expiratory positive airway pressure at 2 cmH2O. His snoring, headache, and oxygen desaturation resolved. This case suggests that airway collapse may cause central apnea, and that nasal continuous positive airway pressure, and nasal bi-level positive airway pressure and adjustment of sleep position can be effective in some patients with central-type sleep apnea syndrome.

Humans↗
PubMed1997

[Mitral prosthetic valve replaced twice due to repeated prosthetic valve endocarditis: a case report].

A 38-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for detailed examination of fever, cough and yellow sputum. At the age of 32, be had mitral prosthesis for the first time, because of mitral regurgitation due to mitral valve prolapse. Four years previously, he had again undergone mitral prosthetic valve replacement due to prosthetic valve endocarditis due to staphylococcus epidemidis. This occasion, staphylococcus aureus was isolated by arterial blood culture. Transesophageal echocardiography detected vegetation attached to the mitral prosthetic valve and paravalvular leakage. The diagnosis was prosthetic valve endocarditis. He underwent a third mitral prosthetic valve replacement. Detection of the source of infection was difficult only by transthoracic echocardiography, and immediate transesophageal echocardiography seemed mandatory to diagnose bacterial endocarditis.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Clinical significance of cytokine measurement in pleural effusion].

We measured the activity of adenosine deaminase (ADA) and the concentration of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in the pleural effusions from 28 patients with tuberculosis, 30 with neoplastic diseases, 25 with bacterial infections and 18 with congestive heart failure or liver cirrhosis. The levels of ADA (83.0 +/- 32.1 IU/L) and IFN-gamma (795.0 +/- 666.4 pg/ml) in tuberculous effusions were significantly higher than those in other groups (p < 0.0001). IL-1 beta level in the effusions of bacterial infections (265.2 +/- 379.2 pg/ml) was higher than that in other groups (p < 0.0001). TNF-alpha level in the effusions of tuberculosis (31.7 +/- 36.7 pg/ml) and bacterial infections (69.5 +/- 232.9 pg/ml) was higher than that in other groups. IL-8 level of exudative effusions was higher than that of transudates. IL-2 was only present in 4 effusions from tuberculosis and 1 effusion from bacterial infections. Diagnostic utilities of cytokines and ADA for tuberculous effusion were evaluated using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis. The cut-off points of ADA, IL-1 beta, IL-8, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma determined in this analysis were 54 IU/L, 5.5 pg/ml, 405 pg/ml, 4.5 pg/ml and 28 pg/ml, respectively and the sensitivity and the specificity of them were 88.0% and 95.9%, 19.1% and 74.1%, 57.1% and 63.2%, 81.0% and 77.2%, and 96.2% and 98.5%, respectively. In ADA, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma, the areas under the curve (AUC) that represent the diagnostic accuracy were 0.968, 0.719 and 0.993, respectively. AUC of IFN-gamma was significantly higher than that of ADA or TNF-alpha. In tuberculous pleural effusion, IFN-gamma was significantly correlated with TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta and ADA. The correlation was also present between TNF-alpha and ADA.

Adenosine Deaminase↗
PubMed1997

BayK 8644 increases resting calcium spark frequency in ferret ventricular myocytes.

BayK 8644, an L-type Ca2+ channel agonist, has been shown to increase sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ release in dog and ferret ventricular muscle. The visualization of local increase in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration, called the "Ca2+ spark", has enabled us to investigate the elementary events of the BayK-induced Ca2+ release from the SR. In this study, the effects of BayK on twitch Ca2+ transients and Ca2+ sparks were examined in ferret ventricular myocytes with laser scanning confocal microscopy and a fluorescent calcium indicator, fluo 3. BayK converted the post rest potentiation of twitch Ca2+ transients to decay. The Ca2+ spark frequency under control conditions was fairly constant during 20 s of rest after interruption of electrical stimulation. BayK (100 nM) increased the spark frequency by 465.7 +/- 90.3% of control but did not change the spatial and temporal characteristics of the individual sparks. The increase in spark frequency by BayK was not affected by perfusion with Ca(2+)-free solution, but was suppressed by the addition of nifedipine (10 microM), suggesting that the BayK effects on Ca2+ sparks were mediated by the sarcolemmal dihydropyridine (DHP) receptor, but.were independent of Ca2+ influx. These findings suggest that BayK activates SR Ca2+ release at rest through a putative linkage between the sarcolemmal DHP receptor and the SR ryanodine receptor.

3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethy↗
PubMed1997

[The outcome of patients with mediastinal tumors detected by mass screening versus the outcome of those initially presentating with symptoms].

Forty seven patients with mediastinal tumors, who were diagnosed between 1976 and 1996 at Tsukuba University Hospital, were evaluated according to the circumstances surrounding their initial consultations. The outcome of 19 patients (40.4%) whose tumors were detected by mass screening was compared with the outcome of 20 patients (42.6%) whose tumors were detected after presenting with symptoms. In the mass screening group, only 21% of the patients had a malignant neoplasm, whereas 75% of patients in the symptomatic group had a malignant neoplasm (p = 0.0008). Patients in the screening group had a shorter hospital stay than those in the symptomatic group (60.5 vs. 118. 1days; p = 0.0022). In patients with thymomas, in the mass screening all patients group were at stage I or II. Only 20% of the lesions in symptomatic patients were at stage I or II (p < 0.0001). Based on the results of this study, we believe that the early detection of mediastinal tumors via mass screening might have clinical significance.

Adolescent↗