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Biomedical subjects

H Sano

Publications and source records attributed to H Sano.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Circadian variation in plasma 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid level during and after alcohol withdrawal: phase advances in alcoholic patients compared with normal subjects.

Alcohol withdrawal symptoms in 19 male alcoholics were objectively evaluated and classified and circadian variation in their plasma 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) concentrations was determined at 3 different intervals after cessation of drinking. Circadian variations in plasma 5-HIAA level exhibited phase advances in alcoholic patients compared with normal controls and were different depending on the severity of alcohol withdrawal symptoms. Plasma 5-HIAA in patients with delirium tremens showed significantly higher levels during the abstention period, possibly suggesting peculiarity in their serotonergic metabolism.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Body surface distribution of abnormally low QRST areas in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Evidence for continuation of repolarization abnormalities before and after catheter ablation.

BACKGROUND: Whether the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW) is associated with repolarization abnormalities is controversial. The QRST isointegral map (I-map) is theoretically independent of the activation sequence and dependent on repolarization properties. There have been no reports concerning the effects of radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablation of accessory pathway (AP) on repolarization properties analyzed by I-mapping. METHODS AND RESULTS: I-maps were constructed from data recorded in 38 patients with WPW to investigate repolarization properties and their body surface distribution in a physiological state, without pharmacological influences, and in 13 ablated patients to elucidate the effects of RF ablation on repolarization properties. Patients were divided into three groups: group A, 15 patients with type A WPW (left-sided AP); group B, 10 patients with type B (right-sided AP); and group C, 13 patients who were successfully ablated. Group C consisted of three subgroups: subgroup CA, 7 patients with type A WPW; subgroup CB, 3 patients with type B WPW; and subgroup CC, 3 patients with concealed WPW. Controls consisted of 608 normals. Although I-maps of WPW were highly (r = .87) correlated with the mean normal I-map, the location of the minimum in groups A and B differed significantly from that in normals. The minimum was located over the upper right anterior chest in normal subjects, over the back in 82% of 22 patients with type A WPW including ablated patients (groups A+CA), and over the mid to lower right anterior chest in 62% of 13 patients with type B WPW including ablated patients (groups B+CB). Groups A+CA and B+CB had an abnormally low QRST area ("-2SD area") over the back and right anterior chest, respectively. The abnormally located minimum and the "-2SD area" were present in 7 of 10 ablated patients with manifest WPW (groups CA+CB). After RF ablation, the distribution of the minimum, initially abnormal, became normal over a period of days or weeks, and the "-2SD area" disappeared over 1 week in all 7 patients. Correlation coefficients between I-maps and the mean normal I-map increased after RF ablation. CONCLUSIONS: (1) WPW is often associated with abnormalities in repolarization properties. (2) Repolarization abnormalities were located over the back in type A WPW and over the right mid to lower chest in type B WPW: (3) The abnormalities remain immediately after RF ablation and gradually normalize. These findings support the concept that ST-T abnormalities in 12-lead ECGs following RF ablation are attributable to "cardiac memory."

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Phosphatidylinositol metabolism in hypertrophic rat heart.

The accumulation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) after hormonal stimulation has a physiological role, possibly by alteration of Ca2+ levels in cardiac myocyte. However, this accumulation has not been studied under pathophysiological conditions. In this report, we examine phosphatidylinositol metabolism during cellular response to norepinephrine in pressure-overloaded hypertrophic rat heart. After stimulation with norepinephrine, the accumulations of IP3 and diacylglyceride significantly increased in isolated myocytes from stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHRSP) heart, indicating phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C activity increased in SHRSP heart cells. Protein kinase C activity was also enhanced in SHRSP, with a marked increase in particulate activity. We determined the intracellular calcium concentration and found it to be higher in SHRSP than in Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats at 30-40 weeks of age. Ca2+ influx was also elevated in SHRSP stimulated by norepinephrine. In SHRSP heart, cytosolic Ca2+ concentration may rise quickly in response to some stimuli, such as alpha 1-adrenergic stimulation, which is shown to be one of the pathways that increases cytosolic Ca2+ levels in hypertrophied rat heart. These data suggest that a part of the phosphatidylinositol-turnover pathway, such as the phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate-IP3-Ca2+ pathway or the diacylglyceride-protein kinase C pathway, may play an important role in the development of hypertrophy in SHRSP heart.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Coexpression of phosphotyrosine-containing proteins, platelet-derived growth factor-B, and fibroblast growth factor-1 in situ in synovial tissues of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and Lewis rats with adjuvant or streptococcal cell wall arthritis.

Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-1 and PDGF-B-like factors have been implicated in the pathobiology of RA and animal models of this disease. Since the receptors for FGF-1 and PDGF are tyrosine kinases, we examined the expression of tyrosine phosphorylated proteins (phosphotyrosine, P-Tyr) in synovial tissues from patients with RA and osteoarthritis (OA), and rats with streptococcal cell wall (SCW) and adjuvant arthritis (AA). Synovia from patients with RA and LEW/N rats with SCW and AA arthritis, in contrast to controls, stained intensely with anti-P-Tyr antibody. The staining colocalized with PDGF-B and FGF-1 staining. Comparative immunoblot analysis showed markedly enhanced expression of a 45-kD P-Tyr protein in the inflamed synovia. Treatment with physiological concentrations of dexamethasone suppressed both arthritis and P-Tyr expression in AA. P-Tyr was only transiently expressed in athymic nude Lewis rats and was not detected in relatively arthritis-resistant F344/N rats. These data suggest that (a) FGF-1 and PDGF-B-like factors are upregulated and may induce tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins in vivo in inflammatory joint diseases, (b) persistent high level P-Tyr expression is T lymphocyte dependent, correlates with disease severity, and is strain dependent in rats, (c) corticosteroids, in physiological concentrations, downregulate P-Tyr expression in these lesions.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Plasma insulin and glucagon responses to intravenous infusion of propionate and their autonomic control in sheep.

Propionate (0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, and 64 mumol.kg BW-1 x min-1 for 30 min) was infused i.v. to investigate the physiological effects of propionate on insulin and glucagon responses in sheep. An i.v. propionate infusion (32 mumol.kg BW-1 x min-1 for 30 min) with adrenergic and cholinergic blockades was also conducted to clarify the role of autonomic innervation in the control of propionate-induced insulin and glucagon responses. In the experiment in which we studied responses to propionate infusion, the concentrations of plasma insulin and glucagon during propionate infusion increased (P < .05) from the preinfusion concentrations at infusion rates of > 4 and 8 mumol.kg BW-1 x min-1, respectively. The incremental response areas of plasma insulin and glucagon during propionate infusion increased (P < .05) at infusion rates of > 16 and 32 mumol.kg BW-1 x min-1, respectively. In the experiment studying the effects of adrenergic and cholinergic blockades on responses to propionate, the insulin incremental response area during propionate infusion was suppressed (P < .05) by atropine infusion but it was not influenced by phentolamine, propranolol, or hexamethonium infusions. The glucagon response area was suppressed (P < .05) by phentolamine infusion, but it was not influenced by propranolol, atropine, or hexamethonium infusions. It is concluded that in sheep 1) propionate may have a physiological role in stimulating insulin and glucagon responses, 2) the propionate-induced insulin response is partly due to the parasympathetic nervous system through activation of a muscarinic receptor, and 3) the propionate-induced glucagon response is stimulated by adrenergic alpha-receptors.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Cholesteatoma in children--sex differences].

It has been reported that cholesteatoma is more aggressive in children than in adults and that it affects boys more often than girls. We found particularly prominent sex differences in the clinical characteristics and behavior of cholesteatoma in children, by comparing them with those of acute otitis media (AOM), otitis media with effusion (OME) and adult cholesteatoma. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical records of children diagnosed as having cholesteatoma by comparing their courses with those of AOM, OME, chronic otitis media, microtia and congenital malformation of the ossicles. The boy-dominant tendency were observed in OMA, OME, pediatric cholesteatoma, microtia and congenital malformation of the ossicles. Cholesteatoma has a tendency to fill the middle ear cleft in boys, in whom the most extensive cholesteatomas were observed. If OMA, OME, and cholesteatoma in children are considered to be a series of inflammatory middle ear diseases, a common factor must be involved in the boy-dominant tendency for this series of inflammatory middle ear diseases. We have proposed six factors contributing to sex differences in pediatric cholesteatoma. Among these, immunological, environmental and congenital factors were thought to be responsible for the sex differences.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

Novel antimycin antibiotics, urauchimycins A and B, produced by marine actinomycete.

Two novel antimycin antibiotics, urauchimycins A and B, were isolated from a fermentation broth of a Streptomyces sp. Ni-80. The strain was isolated from an unidentified sponge. Their chemical structures were determined by 2D NMR analysis. They are the first antimycin antibiotics which possess a branched side chain moiety. They exhibited inhibitory activity against morphological differentiation of Candida albicans.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Permeability of dentin to adhesive agents.

The permeability of dentin to adhesive agents is of crucial importance in obtaining good dentinal bonding. In those systems that remove the smear layer, the opportunity exists for resin to infiltrate both tubules and intertubular dentin. Resin penetration into tubules can effectively seal the tubules and can contribute to bond strength if the resin bonds to the tubule wall. Resin infiltration into intertubular dentin can only occur if the mineral phase of dentin is removed by acidic conditioners or chelators. This is more easily accomplished in fractured dentin than in smear layer-covered dentin because of the residual collagen debris that remains on the surface following acid etching of smear layers. The channels for resin infiltration are the perifibrillar spaces created around the collagen fibers of dentin following removal of apatite mineral by acids. The diffusion of adhesive resins through these narrow, tortuous, long channels in 1 to 2 minutes offers a number of challenges that require further research.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed1993

[Anesthetic management of a patient with pheochromocytoma using autotransfusion].

Autotransfusion was employed for a 51 year-old male patient with intravesical pheochromocytoma and paroxysmal hypertension in an attempt to avoid side-effects of conventional blood transfusion and to minimize the change in intravascular volume after removal of the tumor. Blood was withdrawn twice (980g in all) before surgery. Anesthesia was maintained with N2O-O2-sevoflurane and epidural anesthesia. Sodium nitroprusside was administered when necessary to control blood pressure. Hypotension associated with removal of the tumor could be successfully prevented by autotransfusion. This case demonstrates usefulness of autotransfusion to control hypotension following removal of pheochromocytoma.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1993

[Idiopathic bilateral sensorineural hearing loss: clinical study of cases with rapidly progressed deafness].

In a series of 127 patients with idiopathic bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (IBSH) at the Hearing Clinic in the Department of Otolaryngology, Kitasato University Hospital, 20 cases showed rapid progression of hearing impairment. These patients had been treated with the same therapeutic regimen used in sudden deafness (S.D.). Improvement of hearing loss after treatment was generally less effective in the cases with rapidly progressed IBSH than in the cases with S.D. However, hearing improvement was achieved in some cases with rapidly progressed IBSH when the treatment had started in the early stages after the onset of rapidly progressive hearing loss. The mode of fluctuating hearing loss in the cases with rapidly progressed deafness was assumed to be similar to that in the group of all cases with IBSH.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Prevention of postoperative recurrence after hepatic resection for metastatic colorectal cancer by adjuvant locoregional chemotherapy].

Postoperative adjuvant locoregional chemotherapy was performed on patients who underwent hepatic resection for metastatic colorectal cancer. To prevent recurrence in the residual liver after hepatic resection. 7 patients received intra-hepato-arterial infusion of MMC, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), doxorubicin + Lipiodol emulsion. Sixteen cases did not receive such treatment. The 1-, 2- and 3-year cumulative disease free rates were 100, 80 and 40% in the patients with this adjuvant chemotherapy, against 61.4, 54.6 and 28.1% in those without this locoregional therapy, respectively. The 1-, 2- and 3-year cumulative survival rates were 100, 100 and 60% in the TAI-E group, and 73.7, 63.3 and 63.3% in the patients without TAI-E, respectively. Postoperative adjuvant locoregional chemotherapy is considered effective to prevent the recurrence of metastatic colorectal cancer in the residual liver after hepatectomy.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Can ozone administration activate the tissue metabolism?--A study on brain metabolism during hypoxic hypoxia].

As it was thought that the tissue metabolism could be activated by administration of ozone, the influence of ozone on cerebral metabolism was studied under hypoxic condition. Ozone 1.5% was obtained from an ozonizer which separates the ozone from oxygen. Objects were 30 mature rabbits and they inhaled 3% oxygen in 97% nitrogen (PaO2 17-19 mmHg) by spontaneous respiration through a tracheostomy cannula. Objects were divided into three groups. Control rabbits inhaled only anoxic gases without ozone administration. Although the oxygen group also inhaled anoxic gases, pure oxygen was administered through an A-V shunt, previously made on femoral artery and vein, with an oxygenator, named Nichidai style (counter-current-exchange method). Similarly, the ozone group was given ozone with the oxygenator via A-V shunt. In each group, survival time as well as ATP, ADP, AMP and lactic acid lipo-peroxide in brain were examined. After the administration of ozone, survival time was prolonged significantly, compared with the control group (P < 0.005). Equally, ATP and energy charge in the brain were well maintained (P < 0.005) and the lactate production was inhibited significantly (P < 0.005). These results indicate that oxidizing effect of ozone will be beneficial to maintain energy charge in brain tissue during hypoxia. Further, ozone might activate the energy metabolism in animal tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Evaluation of the combination of chemotherapy with etoposide, adriamycin and cisplatin (EAP) in advanced or recurrent gastric cancer].

EAP therapy was performed on 30 cases of advanced or recurrent gastric cancer between September 1987 and July 1991. The clinical responses of 15 trial patients were evaluated. The overall response rate was 40.0% (CR, one case; PR 5 cases). The results were thus not as favorable as that reported by Preusser et al. On the contrary, with such a poor response rate, this treatment did not lead to a prolonged life span (mean survival time; 5.6 months, median survival time; 4 months). Side effects, such as myelosuppression, appetite loss, nausea, vomiting, liver dysfunction, renal dysfunction, and alopecia, were also observed. Myelosuppression was a dose-limiting factor. The rhG-CSF proved in 4 cases to be a clinically useful tool against the neutropenia induced by this treatment. It may be concluded that EAP should be given to the following selected patients: (1) those whose condition is not so far advanced: (2) those who have not received many other forms of treatment; and (3) those in excellent general physical condition.

Adult↗