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H Sanada

Publications and source records attributed to H Sanada.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Tryptophan-niacin metabolism in liver cirrhosis rat caused by carbon tetrachloride.

We investigated the change of tryptophan-niacin metabolism induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in rats with liver cirrhosis. The rats were injected with CCl4 (0.5 or 1 mL of 50% olive oil solution/kg body weight) twice a week for 1 or 2 mo and given phenobarbital water simultaneously. The urinary excretions of nicotinamide (Nam) and its metabolites were assayed. As the result, the urinary excretion of Nam, N1-methyl-4-pyridone-3-carboxamide (4-Py), Nam + N1-methylnicotinamide (MNA) + N1-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide (2-Py) + 4-Py was lower in the CCl4-treated groups than in the non-treated group (control) regardless of the experimental period (1 mo and 2 mo) or dosing amount of CCl4 (0.5 and 1 mL). Moreover, we investigated which pathway of tryptophan-niacin metabolism was affected in CCl4-treated rat. As the result, the possibility that the MNA-->4-Py reaction is inhibited by CCl4 treatment was suggested in this experiment.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1999

Modified cervical cerclage in pregnant women with advanced bulging membranes: knee-chest positioning.

BACKGROUND: Emergent cervical cerclage is often unsuccessful in patients with severely protruding fetal membranes for the following reasons: (1) difficulty in pushing the bulging membranes into the cervix; (2) risk of premature rupture of membranes during the operative procedures; and (3) displacement of the cerclage tape by the shortened cervix. METHODS: We performed Shirodkar's cervical cerclage with a slight modification. Using a metreurynter, a primary suture was made with the patient placed in the knee-chest position; a Shirodkar's cerclage was then performed in the dorsal lithotomy position. RESULTS: Since 1992, we have performed this procedure on five patients whose fetal membranes bulged into the vagina, at a gestational period of 20-24 weeks. When a patient was placed in the knee-chest position, the bulging membranes intruded spontaneously into the uterine cavity, but the procedure did not cause the membranes to rupture in any patient. The procedure prolonged the pregnancy to longer than 36 gestational weeks in two of the five patients. Three infants survived intact. CONCLUSIONS: Our promising experience warrants further studies on the advantages of the knee-chest position during the application of cervical cerclage in pregnant women who present with fetal membranes that bulge through a widely dilated cervix.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Myelodysplastic syndrome resembling chronic myeloproliferative disorders in clinicopathological aspects.

We report on a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) which resembled chronic myeloproliferative disorder (CMPD). A 67-year-old male was admitted to our hospital in June 1990. A diagnosis of refractory anemia with excess of blasts in transformation (RAEB-T) was based on the peripheral blood and bone marrow findings on admission. However, since thrombocytosis and bone marrow fibrosis was noted, the patient was diagnosed as MDS with myelofibrosis. Low-dose cytosine arabinoside therapy was performed. Although complete remission could not be achieved, a high quality of life could be maintained by appropriate transfusion. In January 1993, the patient was readmitted because of a marked increase in mature neutrophils, showing a moderate increase of blasts, chromosomal aberration (46,XY,12p-) and hepatosplenomegaly; but no fibrosis of bone marrow was observed. These findings suggested that neoplastic proliferation at the level more differentiated to granulocytic lineage occurred at the terminal stage and that his clinical feature was located between MDS and CMPD. This case may be important in considering various aspects of MDS.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Effect of indigestible oligosaccharides on the hepatotoxic action of D-galactosamine in rats.

The effects of dietary oligosaccharides on the hepatotoxic action of D-galactosamine (GalN) were investigated in this study. Male Wistar rats fed with 20% casein diets containing 10% oligosaccharide or D-galactose (Gal) for 2 weeks were injected with GalN (1,900 mg/kg of body weight), and the plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities and the hepatic glycogen concentration were examined 20 hours after the injection. The plasma AST and ALT activities in experiment 1 for the Gal + neomycin (NEO) group were significantly lower than those for the control (C), NEO, raffinose (RAF) + NEO and galacto-oligosaccharide (GA-LO) + NEO groups. In experiment 2, these activities were significantly lower in the Gal, Gal + NEO and RAF groups than in the RAF + NEO group when the groups were treated with GalN. On the other hand, in respect of the hepatic glycogen concentration in experiment 1, that of the Gal + NEO group was higher than that of the C, NEO, RAF + NEO or GALO + NEO groups. In experiment 2, this parameter was significantly higher in the Gal, Gal + NEO and RAF groups than in the RAF + NEO group after the GalN treatment. As a result, it is suggested that the GalN-hepatitis-suppressive effects of indigestible oligosaccharides such as RAF or GALO is mediated by the action of intestinal bacteria.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1998

Dietary linoleic acid alters alpha-amino-beta-carboxymuconate-epsilon-semialdehyde decarboxylase (ACMSD), a key enzyme of niacin synthesis from tryptophan, in the process of protein expression in rat liver.

alpha-Amino-beta-carboxymuconate-epsilon-semialdehyde decarboxylase (ACMSD) [EC 4.1.1.45] is a key enzyme of niacin synthesis from tryptophan. In this study, we examined whether dietary linoleic acid alters the protein expression of ACMSD in rat liver. Antibody against rat liver ACMSD was prepared by injecting mice with the purified enzyme. With the use of this polyclonal antibody and analysis by two-dimensional electrophoresis, we studied the mechanism by which the level of liver ACMSD activity was varied in rats fed a linoleic acid diet. In the rats fed a dietary linoleic acid (L), ACMSD protein levels in the liver were strongly suppressed as compared with the rats fed a fat-free diet (FF). These results suggest that the expression level of ACMSD might be modulated by linoleic acid or their metabolites.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Combination effect of granisetron plus corticosteroid for prevention of cisplatin-induced emesis: a cross-over study comparing methylprednisolone and dexamethasone].

Granisetron (G) is an effective antiemetic drug that is used to prevent cisplatin-induced emesis, although it is less effective for delayed emesis. To enhance the antiemetic effects of granisetron, corticosteroid analogues such as methylprednisolone (M) and dexamethasone (D) were employed in a study of patients treated with cisplatin (CDDP). We investigated the clinical response and urinary excretion of 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA), the main metabolite of serotonin, in 31 patients with ovarian cancer or uterine endometrial cancer who received CAP therapy (CDDP 75 mg/m2) in a 3-day cross-over trial comparing G + M and G + D treated patients. Both regimens were and delayed emesis than G + D. We conclude that G + D is a more efficacious combination than G + D in protecting patients from CDDP-induced acute and delayed emesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

The relationship between amniotic fluid interleukin-6 concentration and histologic evidence of chorioamnionitis.

BACKGROUND: Chorioamnionitis is considered to be one of the important causes of preterm labor. To investigate the relationship between inflammatory cytokines in amniotic fluid and the histologic evidence of chorioamnionitis, we studied amniotic fluid interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in patients with preterm labor. METHODS: Between 1993 and 1996, we obtained amniotic fluid by amniocentesis from 110 patients before 32 weeks of gestation who had preterm labor on admission. We measured IL-6 levels in the amniotic fluid with an ELISA method. Histologic examination of placentae and fetal membranes after delivery was evaluated. As controls, we measured IL-6 levels in the amniotic fluid of 37 patients without preterm labor. Seventy-eight patients delivered after 35 weeks of gestation, and 32 patients delivered before 34 weeks of gestation. Analysis was conducted using Mann-Whitney U test and Scheffe's multiple comparison test. RESULTS: Amniotic fluid IL-6 levels in patients delivering before 34 weeks were significantly higher than those in patients delivering after 35 weeks (p<0.01). IL-6 levels in the amniotic fluid were significantly different among control patients, patients without chorioamnionitis and those with histologic stages I, II and III which means subchorionic intervillositis, chorionitis and amnionitis, respectively (controls vs patients with stage I, II, III: p<0.001, patients without chorioamnionitis vs those with stage II, III, stage I vs II, stage II vs III: p<0.01). The IL-6 concentration in the amniotic fluid associated with histologic stages II or III was above 3500 pg/ml (sensitivity: 87.5%, specificity: 89.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that amniotic fluid IL-6 may have a sensitive diagnostic and prognostic value in the management of preterm labor and is an index of the severity of chorioamnionitis during pregnancy.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1998

[Hypoplastic myelodysplastic syndrome progressing to acute myelocytic leukemia (M2) after treatment with G-CSF and immunosuppressants].

A 34-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of pancytopenia. She had been given a diagnosis of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura during her first pregnancy about 7 years earlier. The patient received a diagnosis of severe aplastic anemia (AA) and was treated with methylprednisolone, cyclosporin A, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), but no hematological improvement was observed. Six months later, myeloblasts appeared in the patient's peripheral blood, and she was given a diagnosis of acute myelocytic leukemia AML (FAB : M2). No chromosomal abnormalities were found. As some dyshematopoietic features had been observed in the bone marrow when the patient was first given a diagnosis of AA, it is conceivable that she already had hypoplastic myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) then. She was treated according to the JALSG-AML92 protocol and achieved complete remission (CR). In this case, the long-term administration of G-CSF may have played an important role in the transformation of MDS into AML. It may be difficult to strictly distinguish AA from hypoplastic MDS with slight dysplastic features, as in this case, because we have no established criteria. Recently the incidence of MDS/AML in AA patients undergoing G-CSF treatment has become a concern. We should be careful about ruling out hypoplastic MDS when diagnosing a condition as AA, especially when therapy includes G-CSF. The patient is still in CR 26 months after intensive combination chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Dopamine D1A receptors and renin release in rat juxtaglomerular cells.

Two dopamine D1-like receptors have been cloned from mammals, the D1 and D5 receptors, also known as D1A and D1B receptors, respectively, in rodents. Although D1-like receptors are known to stimulate renin release, the receptor subtype mediating this action has not been determined. We investigated D1 receptor subtype expression in rat juxtaglomerular cells obtained after enzymatic dispersion of kidney cortex and differential centrifugation. Juxtaglomerular cells in primary culture were immunocytochemically 85% to 95% renin positive. These cells expressed the D1A but not the D1B receptor (mRNA and protein). D1-like receptor function was demonstrated by a concentration-dependent stimulation of cAMP production by dopamine (n = 5-9 per group). Fenoldopam, a D1-like receptor agonist, also caused a concentration-dependent increase in cAMP production and renin secretion that was blocked by the selective D1-like receptor antagonist SCH23390 (n = 4-13 per group). Although the D1 ligands do not distinguish between the cloned D1-like receptors, the actions of fenoldopam were due to occupancy of the D1A receptor: (1) the D1B receptor, the only other mammalian D1-like receptor, is not expressed in juxtaglomerular cells; (2) antisense but not sense D1A oligonucleotides completely blocked the stimulatory effect of fenoldopam on cAMP production and renin secretion. We conclude that there is selective dopamine receptor gene expression in juxtaglomerular cells; the dopamine receptor subtype linked to the stimulation of cAMP and renin secretion in juxtaglomerular cells is the D1A subtype.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Localization of the dopamine D1 receptor protein in the human heart and kidney.

The dopamine D1 receptor has recently been identified in the rat heart and kidney. In the present study, using Western blot analysis and light microscopic immunohistochemistry, we examined D1 receptor protein expression in the human kidney and heart. Antipeptide polyclonal rabbit antiserum was raised against the third extracellular domain of the native receptor and affinity-purified using a protein-A column. Selectivity of the antiserum was validated by recognition of the D1 receptor expressed in stably transfected LTK- cells and Sf-9 cells. The immunohistochemical staining for D1 receptor protein was distributed throughout the atrium and ventricular myocardium and in the coronary vessels. In the kidney, positive immunoreactive signal was detected in the proximal and distal tubules, the collecting ducts, and the large intrarenal vasculature, whereas staining was absent in the juxtaglomerular (JG) cells and the glomeruli. D1 receptor antiserum preadsorbed against the immunizing peptide did not produce significant staining. In Western blot analysis, a single 55-kD band was detected for the D1 receptor in membranes from the D1 receptor transfected Sf-9 cells but not in nontransfected cells. In the heart and kidney, we detected a 55-kD band as well as an additional 40-kD band, which may reflect partial degradation of the receptor protein. These results provide the first evidence for the localization of the dopamine D1 receptor protein in the human heart and kidney. The similar distribution of this subtype receptor in the human heart and kidney to that in the rat supports the possible (patho)physiological significance of the peripheral dopamine system in humans.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Antioxidant activity of ferulic acid beta-glucuronide in the LDL oxidation system.

Antioxidant activity of ferulic acid beta-glucuronide, which is prepared from the plasma of feruloyl arabinose fed rats, in the CuSO4- induced LDL autoxidation system was studied. It has been found that absorbed ferulic acid occurred as the beta-glucuronide and that the antioxidant activity of ferulic acid beta-glucuronide, which has not only the hydrophobic ferulic acid moiety but also a hydrophilic sugar moiety, is stronger than ferulic acid in the LDL oxidation system.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Change of tryptophan-niacin metabolism in D-galactosamine-induced liver injury in rat.

The change of tryptophan-niacin metabolism in D-galactosamine (D-galN) injected rats was investigated. Rats fed with niacin-free diets containing 40% casein for 11 days were injected with D-galN (0.8 g/kg body weight). The urinary excretions of nicotinamide and its metabolites, and the activity of liver alpha-amino-beta-carboxymuconate-epsilon-semialdehyde decarboxylase (ACMSD) (EC 4.1.1.45), a key enzyme of tryptophan-niacin metabolism, were assayed. As the result, the urinary excretions of N1-methylnicotinamide (MNA), N1-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide (2-Py), N1-methyl-4-pyridone-3-carboxamide (4-Py) and their sum (nicotinamide+MNA+2-Py+4-Py) were higher in the D-galN-injected group than in the control group. Hepatic ACMSD activity in the D-galN-injected group was lower than that of the control group. These results suggest that the increase in urinary excretion of nicotinamide and its metabolites after the injection of D-galN is considered to be attributable to a decrease in liver ACMSD activity.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1997

The role of skin blood flow in pressure ulcer development during surgery.

Laser Doppler flowmetry was used to examine the relationships between skin blood flow and pressure ulcer development. Blood flow in the skin over the iliac and sacral bony prominences was measured intraoperatively in 24 consecutive patients undergoing lengthy surgical procedures. Patients who did not develop pressure ulcers postoperatively had a 500% mean increase in blood flow during the procedure as compared with the preoperative levels. Blood flow levels decreased during surgery in patients who developed pressure ulcers postoperatively. There was no statistical difference in the lengths of surgery between the two groups. These results suggest that the body's failure to increase blood flow in response to extended pressure during surgery may contribute to pressure ulcer development.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1996

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia in allergic granulomatous angitis (Churg-Strauss syndrome).

We describe a patient with allergic granulomatous angitis who developed autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA). A 44-year-old male had been suffering from bronchial asthma. On admission, laboratory tests revealed the presence of severe eosinophilia (21,500/microliters), elevation of total immunoglobulin E (IgE), high lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and low haptoglobin levels, in addition to moderate reticulocytosis. During admission, the patient showed almost simultaneous occurrence of vasculitis in the extremities, severe hemolysis and exacerbation of asthma in relation to the progression of eosinophilia. Both IgM and IgG autoantibodies were considered to be responsible for hemolysis. Interestingly, serum levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-5 were increased in association with eosinophilia and increased IgE production. These findings suggest that the AIHA in this patient is mediated or enhanced at least partly by high IL-4 and IL-5 production. Although AIHA in this syndrome is very rare, it should be considered as a clinical manifestation.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Studies on the cytogenetic and endocrinologic background of spontaneous abortion.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether chronic menstrual irregularity with elevated LH levels has a role in spontaneous abortion. DESIGN: In 41 consecutively examined women with spontaneous abortions occurring within 11 complete gestational weeks, fetal chromosomal analyses were performed. The differences of endocrinologic background in relation to the result of fetal chromosomal analyses were investigated. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Endocrinologic profiles, including menstrual history, basal hormone levels (LH, FSH, and PRL), ovarian morphology on ultrasound, and fetal chromosomal karyotypes. RESULTS: The women with normal fetal karyotypes compared with those with abnormal fetal karyotypes showed higher frequency of menstrual irregularity (47.1% versus 8.3%), elevated basal LH levels (7.42 +/- 5.12 versus 4.41 +/- 1.39 mIU/mL; conversion factor to SI unit, 1.00), and higher frequency of polycystic ovary (41.2% versus 8.3%). CONCLUSION: Elevated LH-polycystic ovary may be involved in the genesis of spontaneous abortions that are not explainable by fetal chromosomal abnormality.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1996

Effect of dietary L-glutamine on the hepatotoxic action of D-galactosamine in rats.

The protective effect of dietary L-glutamine against the hepatotoxic action of D-galactosamine (GaIN) was investigated by model experiments with rats. Rats fed with 20% casein diets containing 10% free amino acids were injected with GaIN, and the serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase activities and the hepatic glycogen content were assayed 20 hours after the injection. These enzyme activities in the group fed with 10% L-glutamine diet for 8 days were lower than those in the groups fed with the control, 10% L-glutamic acid and 10% L-alanine diets for 8 days. The more prolonged the feeding period with the 10% L-glutamine diet was, the more the serum activity levels of such enzymes were decreased. Although neomycin also lowered these enzyme activities, its simultaneous ingestion with neomycin did not show any additive or synergistic effect. The hepatic glycogen content in the 10% glutamine group still remained high after the GaIN treatment. It is therefore assumed that the effectiveness of glutamine intake would have been mediated by glycogen metabolism rather than by uridine metabolism.

Alanine↗
PubMed1996

Effects of dietary gluten on the hepatotoxic action of galactosamine and/or endotoxin in rats.

This study was done to clarify the effects of dietary wheat gluten on the hepatotoxic action of D-galactosamine (GalN) and endotoxin (Etx). Male Wistar rats fed a high casein or high gluten (supplemented with L-Lys and L-Thr) diet were injected with GalN or Etx, and the plasma glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase, and lactase dehydrogenase activities were examined 20 h later. In rats fed the high gluten diet, these enzyme activities were lower than in the high casein group after injection of 800 mg/kg of GalN. But such a difference between the casein and gluten groups was not clear when they were treated with 400 mg/kg of GalN nor observed even after injection of Etx or Etx+GalN (400 mg/kg). Similarly these was no difference in the plasma concentrations of Etx, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, or interferon-gamma in the rats receiving an injection of 800 mg/kg of GalN between both dietary groups. These results suggest that dietary gluten affords protection against hepatic injury by a high dose of GalN but not by a low dose of GalN and/or Etx.

Alanine Transaminase↗