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Biomedical subjects

H Salzer

Publications and source records attributed to H Salzer.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[The value of adjuvant irradiation in patients with cervical carcinoma in histopathological stage Ib and negative lymph nodes].

The present retrospective study attempts to evaluate the significance of adjuvant radiotherapy as a prognostic factor for stage Ib cervical carcinoma without lymph node metastases in addition to factors such as age, histological type, histological grading and tumor size. Between 1975 and 1987 224 patients were operated at our department or referred to postoperative radiotherapy and fulfilled the inclusion criteria: histopathological stage Ib, radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy and negative pelvic lymph nodes. The multivariate analysis confirmed that tumor size (tumor infiltration of the cervix greater than 2/3 vs less than 2/3: RR = 4.48) and histological grading (G3 vs G1 + G2: RR = 3.12) are significant prognostic parameters for survival. Postoperative adjuvant irradiation is a marginal significant factor for survival in stage Ib cervical carcinoma and negative nodes (RR = 3.22; p = 0.057). For women with negative nodes but high-risk prognostic factors in the cervix, a prospective randomized trial proving the value of postoperative irradiation would be of therapeutic interest.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1990

[The value of surgical staging in the early stages of ovarian carcinoma].

The value of surgery in early ovarian cancer was assessed in a retrospective analysis of prognostic factors in all 222 patients with primary stage I epithelial ovarian carcinoma treated in this department between 1975 and 1987. Only cellular differentiation grade (p less than 0.03) and surgical procedure - total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy +/- omentectomy vs. unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy - (p less than 0.02) were of significant influence on estimated survival (Cox model). All other factors (age, FIGO stage, integrity of the capsule, uni-vs. bilaterality, histology) were of no prognostic importance. Unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy without any additional staging reduces the 5-year survival probability (62% vs. 84%). Future prospective studies on adjuvant therapy must be based on exact staging during surgical management before randomisation. Determination of cellular differentiation is also essential.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[The value of cytoreductive second-look surgery in advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma].

40 patients with advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma were investigated to evaluate the influence of further cytoreduction during second-look surgery on survival after termination of first-line polychemotherapy containing cisplatinum. Radical tumorectomy with no macroscopic residual tumor mass was achieved in 27.5% of cases; in 52.5% the residual tumour mass was less than 2 cm and in 20% it was more than 2 cm in diameter after cytoreductive second-look surgery. Median survival time after second-look within these three groups of patients was 15.2 months, 16.9 months and 15.3 months, respectively (Mantel test, p = 0.74). In contrast to the situation at the diagnostic operation, further cytoreduction during second-look surgery has no positive influence on survival. We therefore abandoned this operation in clinically tumour-positive patients.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1990

[Ambroxol versus betamethasone for the promotion of antepartum lung maturity in pathological pregnancies].

Although glucocorticoids have been universally implemented to stimulate fetal lung maturity, their effectiveness and side effects are still widely contested. In search of alternative drugs a double-blind study was conducted between June 1981 and June 1984 comparing betamethasone, a conventional corticoid, and ambroxol, a bromhexine metabolite for efficacy and tolerance in prenatal prevention of the respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in premature infants and full-term neonates. The therapeutic efficacies of betamethasone and ambroxol for this indication proved to be comparable. Since the possible risks of corticoid therapy in abnormal pregnancies are repeatedly discussed in the literature and in daily clinical practice. 137 patients with EPH gestosis, placental insufficiency, diabetes mellitus, and premature rupture of the membranes were selected from the original group of 308 patients. Only minor side effects (e.g. nausea) were present in a few of the 137 cases undergoing treatment with the 2 test substances. No side effects were observed in the neonates. The incidence of fetal RDS was comparable in both groups (2.9% with ambroxol, 2.2% with betamethasone). Transient and mild RDS cases were slightly more frequent in the ambroxol group than in the betamethasone group. To date, contraindications to ambroxol treatment in abnormal pregnancies are unknown and since generally the rate of potential side effects is considered to be lower in comparison with corticoid treatment, the use of ambroxol especially in abnormal pregnancies corresponding indication can be recommended.

Ambroxol↗
PubMed1990

Prognostic factors for survival in stage I epithelial ovarian carcinoma.

In a retrospective analysis prognostic factors were studied in 204 patients with primary Stage I epithelial ovarian carcinoma (borderline tumors were excluded) treated between 1975 and 1987. Only histologic grade (P = 0.01) and kind of surgery (total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy +/- omentectomy versus unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, P = 0.02) were found to have a significant influence on survival prognosis (Cox model). All other factors (age, the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics [FIGO] stage, integrity of the capsule, unilaterality versus bilaterality, and histology) were of no prognostic importance. Unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy without any additional staging reduces five-year survival probability (62% versus 84%). Therefore this kind of operation should be abandoned. Furthermore, histologic grade should be a stratification criterion in studies, which will be necessary for proving the value of adjuvant therapy in Stage I epithelial ovarian carcinoma.

Carcinoma in Situ↗
PubMed1990

Analysis of factors influencing clonogenic growth in vitro of cells from ovarian carcinoma patients.

Clonogenic growth (defined as the formation of greater than or equal to 5 colonies per 5 x 10(5) viable nucleated cells per plate) of ovarian cancer specimens assessed in our clonogenic assay system was significantly associated with the proportion of tumor cells in the suspensions plated (N = 87; P = 0.0006), although there was no quantitative relationship with the corresponding plating efficiencies. An inverse correlation was observed between monocytes/macrophages/mesothelial cells (M) proportion and clonogenic growth (P = 0.013). These associations were most evident when only effusions were considered. Univariate analyses identified tumor cell content, M proportion and, to a lesser degree, granulocyte content as the only factors out of 12 examined to be correlated with colony formation. Multivariate analysis using a logistic regression model identified the proportion of tumor cells as the only significant factor predicting clonogenic growth in vitro (P = 0.0006). The overall accuracy of prediction for growth or non-growth was 63.2%.

Agar↗
PubMed1990

The role of chemotherapy including ifosfamide for ovarian carcinoma. Austrian Collab. Ovarian Cancer Study Group.

On the basis of the results of earlier studies, 30 departments of gynecology have been cooperating nationwide in Austria since 1980 to promote the use of adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery for cure of ovarian carcinoma in early stages and the role of lymph node dissection and of second-look operation. Results recorded in more than 160 patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy after so-called radical surgery performed in disease stages I and II demonstrate that only highly differentiated tumours in stage Ia can be cured by surgery only with no further adjuvant treatment. This underlines the necessity for staging. More than 200 patients with TNM stages III and IV were randomized after debulking surgery to receive treatment with different kinds of drug combinations to compare the therapeutic efficacy of a sequential alternating drug regimen consisting of Adriamycin-cisplatin + vincristine-cyclophosphamide + high-dose methotrexate with that of the combination of Adriamycin-cyclophosphamide and that of Adriamycin-cisplatin. High-dosed ifosfamide was also used in pilot studies.

Cyclophosphamide↗
PubMed1990

Oestrogen and progesterone receptor content as a prognostic factor in advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma.

Levels of oestrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR) in ovarian cancer tissue were examined with regard to their prognostic importance for survival in 179 patients with primary epithelial ovarian cancer stage III or IV in relation to: FIGO-stage, histological type, histological grade, age, ascites, and postoperative residual tumour. Hormone receptor content was determined with the DCC-method, receptor values higher than 9 fmol/mg protein were considered positive. Response to postoperative chemotherapy was significantly correlated with PgR content (80% responders in the group with PgR positive tumours and only 61% responders in the group with PgR negative tumours). A Cox proportional hazards regression model identified histological grade, residual tumour, age and PgR content as independent prognostic factors for survival in advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma. PgR content had particularly significant prognostic relevance for patients with postoperative residual tumour mass less than or equal to 2 cm in diameter. Within this group of patients, those who are PgR positive have a 2-years survival probability of 83% compared with only 51% in the PgR-negative group.

Female↗
PubMed1990

Determination of HER-2/neu amplification and expression in tumor tissue and cultured cells using a simple, phenol free method for nucleic acid isolation.

A rapid, simple and non-toxic procedure for the simultaneous isolation of DNA and RNA from tumor tissue and cells grown in vitro is described. Guanidinium isothiocyanate was used for homogenization of tumor tissue and for cell lysis. Separation of proteins, DNA and RNA was carried out by isopycnic centrifugation in cesium trifluoroacetate. DNA was further purified by salting out residual protein. Nucleic acids prepared by this method from 47 primary human carcinomas and 17 human cell lines were analysed for amplification and expression of the HER-2/neu proto-oncogene. 2- to 10-fold amplification of HER-2/neu was noted in 7/22 mammary carcinomas (32%) and in 4/14 ovarian carcinomas (28%). No amplification of the proto-oncogene was found in 4 laryngeal carcinomas, 1 pharyngeal carcinoma, 2 retrolingual carcinomas, 3 gastric carcinomas and 1 kidney carcinoma. HER-2/neu overexpression was observed in 6/22 of mammary carcinomas (27%) and 7/14 of ovarian carcinomas (50%). No overexpression was found in all other carcinomas studied. Concordance between amplification and overexpression was noted in 3 mammary and 4 ovarian carcinomas, respectively. 3 mammary and 3 ovarian carcinomas showed overexpression without amplification. 5 human mammary carcinoma cell lines showed both amplification and overexpression of HER-2/neu. In two mammary carcinoma cell lines (MDA MB-453 and ZR 75-1) overexpression was noted without amplification of the proto-oncogene. These data combine to suggest that mechanisms other than gene amplification may also lead to overexpression of the HER-2/neu protooncogene in cancer cells.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed1990

[Knowledge and ethics in gynecologic oncology].

The ethical problems of prospectively randomized clinical studies are discussed. It is concluded that such studies are necessary even for ethical reasons. Furthermore the problem of long-term treatment of cancer patients is reviewed; the question arises as to when withdrawal of curative chemotherapy is ethically justifiable.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1990

[The school child carrying heavy burdens].

In 163 Viennese pupils in standard 1 to 8, the weight of the schoolbag, the bodyweight and the ratio of these two parameters were examined in order to describe the amount of burden carried by those children. The results were: 1. The weight of the schoolbag war 4.0 kg (range 1 to 9 kg). 2. The pupils carried a schoolbag weighing on the average 10%, in standard 2 about 15% and in standard 8 about 6% of their bodyweight. 3. In every 6th pupil, the weight of the schoolbag constituted more than 15% of the bodyweight. 4. In analogy to pupils in standard 2, adults with a body weight of 70 kg would have to carry a weight of up to 17.5 kg to their working place. 5. While pupils have to carry a burden between 10 and 25% of their bodyweight, adults were carrying only between 1 and 10% of their bodyweight to work. We conclude that pupils are carrying daily a heavy burden in form of a schoolbag and adults apparently don't care about it.

Body Weight↗
PubMed1990

First experiences with intraperitoneal chemotherapy in ovarian cancer.

The Authors report their experience with intraperitoneal chemotherapy in post surgical management of ovarian cancer. 24 patients were evaluable for the study and the results indicate that in patients with bulky disease the complication rate was high and the therapeutical outcome very poor. Only in patients with microscopic disease and residual tumor smaller than 2 cm seemed to benefit from intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Despite pharmacological advantages, Mitoxantrone causes local discomfort up to peritonitis.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗