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Biomedical subjects

H Sakata

Publications and source records attributed to H Sakata.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Statistical analysis of urinary estriol (U-E3), serum leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) and heat stable alkaline phosphatase (HSAP) in toxemia].

The levels of urinary estriol (U-E3), serum leucine aminopeptidase (LSP) and heat stable alkaline phosphatase (HSAP) were determined in toxemic and normal pregnancies. The significance of differences was established by weekly estimation of the parameters for both groups after the 28th week of gestation. Assayed values were classified into 4 types (type I-IV) by the mean values for 3 serial 24h assays and 3 patterns (pattern a-c) observed with these three determinations. The distribution rate for each type and pattern was examined according to the following: Severe toxemia, low birth weight, meconium staining at parturition and low apgar score groups. For U-E3, the incidence of the low value type (type IV) and the descending pattern (pattern c) both increased linearly in all the above groups. These findings suggest the clinical applicability of U-E3 as a reasonable indicator for evaluating intrauterine fetal well being because of the close correlation to the listed conditions. Thus these biochemical parameters should be considered in the antepartum fetal management of third trimester toxemic pregnancies.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical efficacy and pharmacokinetics of cefpiramide in children].

Thirty-six febrile patients were administered cefpiramide (CPM) of 20 approximately 75 mg/kg/day for 3 approximately 11 days, and the clinical and side effects were evaluated. Among children with bacterial infections, including pneumonia, urinary tract infection, sepsis, pharyngitis and bronchitis, the results were excellent in 9, good in 13, and fair in 3 patients. Out of 36 patients, adverse reactions were observed in 9 cases, i.e. vascular pain at one shot intravenous injection in 4, diarrhea in 2, eosinophilia in 2, and diarrhea and eosinophilia in 1 case. One shot intravenous administration of CPM of 10 mg/kg to 4 patients yielded mean serum level of 100 micrograms/ml at 15 minutes and mean serum half-life of 2.5 hours, and administration of 20 mg/kg to 3 patients yielded mean serum level of 200 micrograms/ml at 15 minutes and mean serum half-life of 3.5 hours. The half-life in 1 patient with slight liver lesion was 5.36 hours. The rates of urinary recovery within 8 approximately 12 hours were 7.2 to 28.0% in 5 patients, 45.1% in a patient with nephrotic syndrome, and 50.9% in a patient with slight liver lesion.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1982

Fetal heart rate accelerations and late decelerations during the course of intrauterine death in chronically catheterized rhesus monkeys.

The appearance of late decelerations and the disappearance of accelerations in the fetal heart rate were observed during the days that preceded intrauterine fetal death in nine chronically instrumented rhesus monkeys. All nine animals had recovered satisfactorily from the initial surgical procedure, as evidenced by normal biophysical and biochemical parameters. After recovery, all the fetuses had shown accelerations and no late decelerations with spontaneous uterine contractions. The mean duration of the preparations was 16.1 days. The duration of the preterminal observation period varied from 3 to 13 days, during which time no experiments were performed. The fetuses died during labor at a mean gestational age of 143 days. Late decelerations were the first sign of fetal deterioration and occurred with a slight but significant decrease in fetal PaO2 without changes in pH, whereas accelerations in fetal heart rate were still present. The loss of accelerations in fetal heart rate was a later phenomenon and was associated with significant reductions in fetal pH and PaO2.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

The abortifacient effect of 16,16-dimethyl-trans-delta 2-PGE1 methyl ester, a new prostaglandin analogue, on mid-trimester pregnancies and long-term follow-up observations.

The present clinical trials revealed that 16,16-Dimethyl-trans-delta 2-PGE1 methyl ester in the form of vaginal suppositories is highly effective in inducing mid-trimester termination of pregnancies. It also showed that prior treatment with laminaria and metreurynter may enhance the success rate while reducing the incidence and severity of side effects. It is easy and safe to use clinically, with minimal side effects, and in our series, revealed no deleterious effects on ensuing reproductive physiology. However, the definite mechanism involved in the action of this new analogue to cause myometrial contractions is still not completely understood, and requires further intensive investigation.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1982

[Evaluation of enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique for gentamicin assay. Comparison with bioassay].

To assess an enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique (EMIT) for determination of gentamicin, comparison was done with a microbiological bioassay. Twenty-nine samples from 5 patients and 1 volunteer were assayed by both EMIT and bioassay methods. Concentrations of gentamicin obtained with EMIT were compared with those with bioassay. Statistical calculation resulted in a regression line with a correlation coefficient of 0.9496, a slope of 0.735 and an ordinate intercept of 0.878. To test the specificity of EMIT, serum controls which contain a constant quantity of gentamicin and a variable quantity of ampicillin concomitantly were assayed for gentamicin concentrations by both EMIT and bioassay. This test demonstrated that EMIT is free from interference of ampicillin while bioassay is vulnerable to interference. To conclude, EMIT proved to be a practical alternative to current bioassays for determination of serum gentamicin concentrations.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Prediction of variceal hemorrhage by esophageal endoscopy.

To assess the risk of variceal bleeding, endoscopic findings in 172 patients with esophageal varices were classified based on the "General Rules for Recording Endoscopic Findings on Esophageal Varices" prepared by the Japanese Research Society for Portal Hypertension. Among the factor which enabled an accurate prediction of bleeding were the red wale marking and cherry-red spot of the red color sign category and blue varices of the fundamental color category with large varices. Other factors in the "General Rules" such as the form and location were of minor significance in prediction of the bleeding. Each of these factors can be quantified and an assessment can be made of the likelihood of bleeding. By calculating the total score of these factors, the risk of bleeding in individual patients was accurately estimated.

Esophageal and Gastric Varices↗
PubMed1981

Decreased arteriovenous flow resistance in the left gastric venous area in cirrhotic patients.

To assess the relationship between the fluid mechanics in the left gastric venous area and the portal trunk, manometric measurements were made in patients with or without cirrhosis of the liver. In ten normal subjects, temporary portal vein occlusion produced comparable elevation in both the occluded left gastric venous pressure (OLGP) and the portal vein pressure (PVP); 152-429 mm of water in OLGP and 115-452 mm of water in PVP. In sixty cirrhotic patients, however, the portal vein occlusion resulted in far less increase in OLGP than that in PVP; 281-365 mm of water in OLGP and 281-540 mm of water in PVP. In other words, regarding pressure measurements, the relationship was 'separated' in cirrhotics, but 'continuous' in normal subjects. Mathematical analysis of the data using a modification of Wheat-stone bridge model suggested that the arteriovenous flow resistance in the left gastric venous area of cirrhotics was reduced to less than one fifth of that in the controls. It would appear that the increased flow capacity as a result of a reduced arteriovenous flow resistance is responsible for the functional 'separation' from the portal trunk.

Humans↗
PubMed1980

Spatial properties of visual fixation neurons in posterior parietal association cortex of the monkey.

1. A systematic study of the positional selectivity of visual fixation (VF) neurons of the posterior parietal association cortex (area 7a or PG) was made in seven hemispheres of four alert behaving monkeys. By gaze fixation on a small spot of light in space, 125 units were identified as VF neurons. the position of the fixation target was varied not only in the frontal plane, but also in depth. 2. Microelectrode penetrations were made in the anterior and posterior part of area 7a. The recording sites of 104 VF neurons, determined histologically, were distributed mainly in the posterior part: the caudal part of the posterior bank of the intraparietal sulcus and the caudal third of the anterior bank of the superior temporal sulcus. The following conclusions are based mainly on the observations of the VF neurons in the posterior part of area 7a. 3. Most of the VF neurons examined in the frontal plane (86/93) had a preferred direction of gaze along the horizontal (39/86), vertical (38/86), or diagonal axis (9/86), and their discharge rates were monotonic increasing functions of the angle of deviation from the center. 4. Many VF neurons had selectivity in the depth of fixation. The majority (41/63) were activated more intensely when the fixation point was nearer to the animal (less than 50 cm), whereas a considerable number (18/63) were activated better when the fixation point was further from the animal (100 cm or more). There were a few units (4/63) that discharged maximally at intermediate distances. 5. Thirty-two VF neurons were studied in detail along all three axes: vertical, horizontal, and depth. About half of them (17/32) were found to be selective both in the radial direction and the distance of fixation, while the others displayed selectivity in the direction of gaze alone (11/32) or in depth alone (4/32). 6. The activity of VF neurosis in the dark was compared to that in a lighted room in order to examine their relationship to eye position in detail. Half of the VF neurons tested (25/50) showed almost the same discharge rate in the dark as in the lighted room in spite of the absence of visual stimuli other than the target light in the fovea. Moreover, the discharge rate of the majority of these VF neurons displayed a close correlation with eye position, even in complete darkness. On the other hand nearly half of the VF neurons (22/50) showed a decrease in discharge rate in the dark during fixation at preferred positions suggesting that visual stimuli in the surroundings have some excitatory effects on these neurons. There were also some VF neurons whose activity decreased when the target light was interrputed. Even in such visually sensitive VF neurons, their positional selectivity depended mainly on eye position. 7...

Animals↗