[A case of sulindac induced acute pancreatitis].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Acute Disease↗
Biomedical subjects
H Sakai
Publications and source records attributed to H Sakai.
[Current status of pediatric home mechanical ventilation in Japan].
The first nationwide survey of pediatric home mechanical ventilation (HMV) was conducted. From 35 out of 149 medical centers investigated, 49 cases of HVM were reported. The patients ranged in age from 1 to 20 years, and the causes of respiratory failure were neuromuscular diseases (51%), central hypoventilation (33%), respiratory disorders (10%) and cervical cord injury (6%). Since 1983 when 2 patients were discharged home on mechanical ventilation, more and more ventilator-dependent children have been sent home every year. However, home mechanical ventilation is not yet well recognized in Japan as an option for pediatric patients with chronic respiratory failure, and there are many problems to be solved. Firstly, very few, if any, hospitals have a designated home care team composed of physicians and other specialists. Secondly, the current health insurance system scarcely covers the cost of home ventilation. Thirdly, development of home use equipment, in particular, portable ventilators and monitors is imperative. There are 107 hospitalized patients in 56 institutions who are reportedly able to go home if a support system is established. A program for pediatric home mechanical ventilation should be urgently developed on a national basis.
Adolescent↗
[Retinal toxicity of intravitreally injected steroids on the rabbit eye].
The retinal toxicity of intravitreally injected steroids, fluorometholone and tetrahydrocortisol, was examined. The concentration of the steroids was 20 mg/ml, and 0.05 ml of each solution were injected into the rabbit vitreous cavity. An equal volume of saline solution was injected as a control. In addition to ophthalmoscopy, intraocular pressure was measured and electroretinography, light microscopy and electron microscopy were performed. The results showed no remarkable changes in all eyes. Fluorometholone and tetrahydrocortisol seem to have neither toxicity to the retina nor adverse effect of elevating intraocular pressure when intravitreally injected with this amount.
Animals↗
[Polymorphism of immunoglobulin heavy chain switch region in IgA nephropathy].
We examined the relation between IgA hyperproduction and polymorphism of the immunoglobulin heavy chain switch (S) region in patients with IgA nephropathy. The frequency of the heterozygous phenotype of IgA2 switch region was significantly increased in these patients. The patients showed a significant increase in the amount of serum IgA, IgA bearing cells and levels of proteinuria. We also compared two reports on the S region in Europe, which showed different results, and found different frequencies in the phenotype of the S region. These findings suggest that IgAN patients in various countries show heterogeneity in the S region and that this polymorphism might be associated with IgA hyperproduction and the development of proteinuria in Japanese patients.
Glomerulonephritis, IGA↗
Amino acid sequences of ferredoxins from Alocasia macrorrhiza Schott in Papua New Guinea.
The amino acid sequences of ferredoxin isoproteins (Fd A and Fd B) from Alocasia macrorrhiza Schott in Papua New Guinea were determined. They consisted of single polypeptide chains of 97 and 98 residues, respectively, and both Fds had a molecular mass of 10,800 Da. There was an 88% identity between the sequences of the isoproteins (Fd A and Fd B). These sequences were compared with those of the closely related plant Fds and their phylogenetic relationships are discussed.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
[Endoscopic treatment of lung cancer].
There are many kinds of endoscopic treatment for lung cancer. In this paper the authors describe these methods and present representative cases. The first is laser treatment. There are three methods of endoscopic laser treatment. One is vaporization using high-power lasers, for example, the Nd-YAG laser. Indications for high-power laser treatment include obstructive lesions of the trachea or large bronchi with no recognizable peripheral focus. The second is photodynamic therapy (PDT) using tumor-specific photosensitizers, and low-power lasers. PDT has potential for the treatment of early stage lung cancer. The third is "laser chemotherapy," which is a new method developed by the authors using low-power lasers, e.g., He-Ne lasers, combined with chemotherapy. It is possible that antitumor drugs could be administered in doses lower than used at present. The second method is bronchofiberscopic ethanol injection therapy for stenosis or obstruction of central airways in order to obtain airway dilatation or hemostasis. The third method is brachytherapy or endobronchial radiation for central type lung cancer. We use a bronchofiberscope to place the applicator into the target bronchial lumen. Radiation therapy is performed with 60Co high dose-rate endobronchial radiation by a remote after-loading system. The value of laser treatment has been amply demonstrated and the other methods are also yielding encouraging results in the treatment of lung cancer.
Brachytherapy↗
A case of liver cirrhosis with an unusual portosystemic shunt via the right testicular vein.
We report a case of liver cirrhosis with a rare portosystemic shunt via the right testicular vein. Angiographic examination demonstrated two major hepatofugal collateral pathways. First, the enlarged and tortous left gastric and short gastric veins which drain into the left renal vein after forming varices in the stomach. Second, the superior mesenteric vein forms the large mesenteric varices which drain into the inferior vena cava via the enlarged right testicular vein, which is a very rare shunt.
Humans↗
[A case of humidifier lung associated with BHL].
We encountered a rare case of hypersensitivity pneumonitis associated with bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy (BHL). The patient was a 53-year-old male, who developed dry cough and shortness of breath when using a humidifier since 1982. He was admitted to our hospital for further evaluation in 1987. Chest X-ray films showed BHL and ground glass appearance in the bilateral lung fields. Pulmonary function test indicated disturbance of diffusing capacity. Transbronchial lung biopsy revealed interstitial pneumonitis, and lymph node biopsy by mediastinoscopy showed lymphoid sinus histiocytosis without noncaseating granuloma. Provocation test using the humidifier was positive, and the diagnosis of humidifier lung with BHL was made.
Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic↗
[Force measurement of reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament in relation to changes in length in experiments using cadaver knees].
The effects of tibial and femoral attachment sites on changes in length and force were investigated in ACL grafts, using eight cadaver knees. Two tibial and three femoral attachment sites were chosen, such as the anteromedial and central sites in the tibial insertion of the ACL, and the central and anterior-superior sites in the femoral insertion, as well as the over-the-top route. Changes in the length in all combinations of these attachment sites was measured from extension to 150 degrees flexion at 15 degrees intervals by the displacement of a cord 2 mm in diameter which simulated the graft. The holes through the attachment sites were then enlarged to accept a 6 mm wide LAD (Ligament Augmentation Device, 3M). The force in this LAD graft was measured over the same range of knee flexion using a buckle transducer for all combinations of sites. Changes in length and force were affected more by the femoral attachment site. There was a close correlation between length changes and force measurements except at a neighborhood of the full extension. Changes in force between a given combination of sites failed to show a reproducible pattern among the knees tested.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament↗
In vivo antibody response to mucosal (NASAL) and subcutaneous stimulation of influenza virus in patients with IgA nephropathy.
Anomalies in the production of antibodies have been postulated in the development of IgA nephropathy. In order to study the aberrant immune response in patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN), an influenza virus vaccine was administered to healthy adults and patients with IgAN to demonstrate if there was any in vivo alteration in the antibody production to mucosal and non-mucosal antigenic stimulation in these groups. The vaccine was administered subcutaneously (s.c) or intranasally at a dose of 350 CCA or 1,050 CCA at an interval of 4 weeks, respectively. IgG, IgA, IgM class antibodies to influenza virus were determined using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Subcutaneous stimulation induced IgM antibody response in both groups. However, positive response to nasal stimulation was observed only in the patient group. Serum IgA and IgM responses in the patient group were significantly higher than those in the control group. These data suggested that patients with IgA nephropathy showed higher antibody response to mucosal stimulation than healthy controls.
Administration, Intranasal↗
[A case of prostatic carcinoma presenting as a metastatic orbital tumor].
A 66-year-old man presented with progressive proptosis of the left eye associated with ocular pain. A computed tomographic scan showed a high density mass in the posterolateral portion of the left orbit. The patient underwent surgical removal of the tumor and histopathological examination revealed adenocarcinoma of unknown origin. To find out the primary focus of the tumor the patient was referred to our department, where biopsy of the prostate revealed adenocarcinoma. Further, immunohistochemical examination of the orbital tumor was performed and prostatic acid phosphatase was identified. Finally, we made a diagnosis of orbital metastasis from prostatic carcinoma. This paper presents a rare case of prostatic carcinoma with orbital metastasis and reviews the literature of the subject.
Acid Phosphatase↗
[A case of simple hepatic cyst accompanied with dilatation of the intrahepatic bile duct].
Here we report a rare case of simple hepatic cysts causing dilatation of the intrahepatic bile duct. A 75-year old female was admitted to Kyushu University Hospital because of liver dysfunction. Ultrasonogram and CT scan showed two neighboring cysts in the liver (S2, S4), and dilatation of the peripheral bile duct in left lateral segment of the liver. Echo-guided percutaneous aspiration of cyst fluid showed the elevated levels of CA19-9, but malignant cell were not seen. These findings suggested that the compression by these neighboring simple hepatic cysts caused the stenosis of the bile duct. The dilatation of the bile duct disappeared after the percutaneous ethanol sclerosing therapy for cyst.
Aged↗
[Sevoflurane anesthesia for a patient with insulinoma].
A 56-y-o female had recurrent bouts of unconsciousness and convulsions. Her blood glucose level was often below 40 mg.dl-1. Blood chemistry, echography and angiography revealed an insulinoma of 14 x 12 mm in size. Under sevoflurane anesthesia, excision of the tumor was scheduled. The preanesthetic glucose level was 38 mg.dl-1. Under fluid therapy, with 5% glucose in acetate Ringer solution, no hypoglycemic episode occurred during and after the operation. The arterial IRI level was elevated as the blood glucose level increased before the extirpation of the tumor, but it decreased to the normal level 30 minutes after the tumor removal. The IRI level of the portal vein also decreased from 81.7 microU.ml-1 to 19.0 microU.ml-1 after the removal. The perioperative course was uneventful under sevoflurane anesthesia and the result substantiates the report by Murakawa et al, who contend that sevoflurane suppresses the spontaneous release of insulin. We believe that sevoflurane is an appropriate anesthetic agent for a patient with an insulinoma.
Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
[Postoperative evaluation of left ventricular peak filling rate and peak ejection rate by radionuclide ventriculography for aortic regurgitation].
Postoperative left ventricular (LV) time-activity curve and the first derivative in radionuclide method were evaluated in 28 patients with aortic regurgitation to clarify the postoperative cardiac function and to determine the adequate timing of operation. Twenty-eight patients were divided into two groups by preoperative echocardiogram. In Group I cases, echo-finding showed LV contractile dysfunction associated with both enlarged LV end-systolic dimension (LVDs) over 5 cm and depressed fractional shortening (%FS) below 25%. In Group II cases, the finding showed compensated cardiac function with relatively small LVDs below 5 cm or not so depressed %FS over 25%. Preoperative diastolic parameter of LV peak filling rate (PFR) in Groups II of 22 cases was depressed in comparison of normal control, although systolic parameters of peak ejection rate (PER) or ejection fraction were mildly depressed. Postoperatively, those parameters of PFR and PER were improved to normal control level (1. PFR: pre op = 206 +/- 73----post op = 311 +/- 79, p less than 0.001 2. PER: pre op = 309 +/- 65----post op = 389 +/- 103 %EDV/sec. p less than 0.001). In contrast, the preoperative parameters of PFR and PER in Group I of 6 cases were strikingly impaired, and post-operative those parameters were not improved to normal level (1. PFR: op = 154 +/- 39----post op = 190 +/- 88 2. PER: pre op = 223 +/- 74----post op = 244 +/- 78 %EDV/sec, NS). No postoperative complications occurred in Group II cases, in contrast, 2 cases in Group I were complicated with low output syndrome or ventricular fibrillation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Aortic Valve Insufficiency↗
Stimulation of DNA polymerase alpha activity by microtubule-associated proteins.
Microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) isolated from porcine brains stimulated the activity of DNA polymerase alpha immunopurified from calf thymus or human lymphoma cells, in a dose-dependent manner. This stimulation was pronounced when activated DNA or poly(dA).(dT)10 was used as the template-primer. DNA polymerase alpha bound to a MAP2-immobilized column, whereas preincubation of the enzyme with unbound MAP2 prevented binding to the column. These events suggested that a physical binding occurred between the polymerase and MAP2. Kinetic analyses revealed that MAP2 decreased the Km value of the polymerase for deoxyribonucleotides, irrespective of the species of template-primer. A concomitant increase in Vmax was observed; however, the extent of the increase depended on the species of template-primer. MAP2 also decreased the Km value of the polymerase for template-primers when activated DNA of poly(dA).(dT)10 was used as the template-primer. Product analyses showed that MAP2 did not significantly alter the processivity of the polymerase and the increment of Vmax is considered to be due to an increase in the frequency of initiation of DNA synthesis. The stimulation by MAP2 occurred specifically in the activity of DNA polymerase alpha, but not DNA polymerases beta, gamma, and I from Escherichia coli. Other MAPs, tau and 190-kDa MAP, could substitute for MAP2. Thus, the specific stimulation of DNA polymerase alpha by MAPs supports the notion of a possible involvement of MAPs or MAP-like proteins in DNA replication, in vivo.
Animals↗
Site-specific phosphorylation by protein kinase C inhibits assembly-promoting activity of microtubule-associated protein 4.
We have examined the phosphorylation of bovine microtubule-associated protein 4 (MAP4), formerly named MAP-U, by protein kinase C (PKC). When MAP4 was incubated with PKC, about 1 mol of phosphate was incorporated/mol of MAP4. Phosphorylation of MAP4 caused a remarkable decrease in the ability of the MAP to stimulate microtubule assembly. MAP4 consists of an amino-terminal projection domain and a carboxyl-terminal microtubule-binding domain. The carboxyl-terminal domain is subdivided into a Pro-rich region and an assembly-promoting (AP) sequence region containing four tandem repeats of AP sequence that is conserved in MAP4, MAP2, and tau [Aizawa et al. (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265, 13849-13855]. In order to identify the site of MAP4 phosphorylated by PKC, a series of expressed MAP4 fragments was prepared and treated with the kinase. A fragment corresponding to the Pro-rich region (P fragment) was phosphorylated, while fragments corresponding to the projection domain and the AP sequence region were not. In addition, chymotryptic digestion of an authentic MAP4 prephosphorylated by PKC revealed that phosphate was incorporated almost exclusively into a 27-kDa fragment containing the carboxyl-terminal half of the Pro-rich region. We investigated the phosphorylation site in MAP4 using the P fragment and found that Ser815 was phosphorylated almost exclusively. We conclude that the phosphorylation of a single Ser residue in the Pro-rich region negatively regulates the assembly-promoting activity of MAP4.
Animals↗
A short sequence responsible for both phosphoinositide binding and actin binding activities of cofilin.
Cofilin is a widely distributed actin-modulating protein that has abilities to bind along the side of F-actin and to depolymerize F-actin. Both abilities of cofilin can be inhibited by phosphoinositides such as phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol 4-monophosphate, and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2). We have previously shown that the synthetic dodecapeptide corresponding to Trp104-Met115 of cofilin is a potent inhibitor of actin polymerization (Yonezawa, N., Nishida, E., Iida, K., Kumagai, H., Yahara, I., and Sakai, H. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266, 10485-10489). In this study, we have found that the inhibitory effect of the synthetic dodecapeptide on actin polymerization is canceled specifically by phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol 4-monophosphate and PIP2. We further show that the dodecapeptide as well as cofilin binds to PIP2 molecules and inhibits PIP2 hydrolysis by phospholipase C. Thus, the actin-binding dodecapeptide sequence of cofilin may constitute a multifunctional domain in cofilin.
Actin Depolymerizing Factors↗
Mutational activation of c-Ha-ras genes in intraductal proliferation induced by N-nitroso-N-methylurea in rat mammary glands.
Although administration of a single dose of N-nitroso-N-methylurea (NMU) to young virgin rats induces a high rate of mammary carcinomas, precise histogenesis of the carcinomas has not been well characterized. In this study, we investigated the alterations of H-ras gene in early focal lesions as well as carcinomas in the mammary glands of F344 rats treated with NMU. At 2 weeks after treatment, intraductal proliferation (IDP) was occasionally observed, and mammary carcinomas emerged at 12 and 36 weeks. The individual lesions of IDP and carcinomas were scooped out from the tissue sections under a stereomicroscope, and the DNA-sequence-spanning codon 12 of H-ras gene was amplified from the tissue sections by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The analysis of amplified DNA by oligonucleotide hybridization revealed that 65% (11/17) of IDP and 89% (16/18) of carcinomas had a point mutation (G-to-A transition) at the 2nd position of H-ras codon 12. However, the DNA amplified from the areas, which appear histologically normal, never showed such mutation. These results indicate that IDP is a very early change for NMU-induced mammary carcinogenesis.
Animals↗