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Biomedical subjects

H Sakai

Publications and source records attributed to H Sakai.

At least 739 records · Page 41Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Two cases of ganglioneuroma discovered as "incidentaloma"].

Two cases of adrenal ganglioneuroma discovered as "incidentaloma" are presented Case 1 was in a 29-year-old female who had a right adrenal tumor incidentally found by abdominal ultrasonography. The tumor was 26 g and 5.1 x 3.6 x 3.0 cm in size. She underwent surgical exploration and histopathologic examination revealed adrenal ganglioneuroma. Case 2 was in a 75-year-old man who had a right adrenal tumor detected during examination of microhematuria due to right renal stone by abdominal computed tomography. The tumor was 51 g in weight and 5.3 x 5.0 x 5.2 cm in size. He underwent right adrenalectomy and histopathologic examination showed adrenal ganglioneuroma. Both patients had no abnormal endocrinological findings and the DNA histogram showed a diploid pattern.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1993

[Changes in hemodynamics and mixed venous oxygen saturation during intraoperative harvest of autologous platelet-rich plasma].

Intraoperative harvest and transfusion back of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) are an effective procedure to decrease the requirement of blood transfusion. We selected the right atrium as the site for collection and transfusion back of the blood for the harvest of PRP. We studied changes of the hemodynamics and mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2 during the intraoperative harvest of autologous PRP in two patients who were undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery. The whole blood was collected, processed and the red blood cells were transfused immediately back to the patients using the Plasma Collection System (Haemonetics Model 50). The procedure was accomplished prior to starting CPB. The PRP product was transfused back into the patients at the completion of CPB. The arterial blood pressure, cardiac output, and SvO2 decreased during the collecting phase and immediately returned to the baseline values during the returning phase. No change was observed in the heart rate and arterial oxygen saturation. We conclude that the usage of right atrium as the site for collection and transfusion back of the blood to harvest PRP is effective and useful, and the continuous monitoring of SvO2 is mandatory for detecting the decline of the cardiac output.

Blood Transfusion, Autologous↗
PubMed1993

[Surgical treatment of double-outlet right ventricle with left ventricular outflow tract obstruction].

Three patients with double-outlet right ventricle (DORV) and left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) were described. In each patient, LVOTO was produced by restrictive VSD which resulted from malalignment of the conal musculature and a discrete subaortic membrane. All patients underwent surgical repair with enlargement of the ventricular septal defect and rerouting of the outflow tract from the left ventricle to the aorta. One patient died of congestive heart failure three months postoperatively. Causes of LVOTO and surgical management of DORV with LVOTO were discussed.

Cardiac Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed1993

[A case of bronchial artery aneurysm communicating with pulmonary artery].

A 48-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of an abnormal shadow on the chest rentogenogram detected by the regular health screening. A tumorous shadow about 10 mm in diameter existed in the right lower lobe on chest X-ray film. It was suggested that the tumor was receiving blood flow from the aortic system by IVDSA and dynamic CT, right bronchial angiogram demonstrated a dilatation and aneurysm formation associated with anastomosis of the pulmonary artery. Aneurysmectomy and right bronchial arterial ligation were performed, and no other complication was observed. Bronchial artery aneurysm is a rare disease, and 25 cases have been previously reported in the literature in Japan.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1993

[Effect of surface antigens on granulocytes in phagocytosis].

To analyze phagocytosis mechanism of granulocyte using fluorescent microspheres, changes of phagocytic index, complement receptors, Fc receptors and adhesion molecules on cell membrane, after exogenous stimulation were determined by flow cytometry. The changes of phagocytic index by blocking test was also determined using monoclonal antibodies for receptors. The phagocytic index was decreased by supernatant of S. aureus, and was increased by supernatant of E. coli and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). By PMA stimulation, surface marker positive cells increased in CR1, IgGFcR2 and decreased in IgGFcR3, LFA-3, Homing receptor, whereas they increased in CR1, IgMFcR, LFA-1 beta and decreased in LFA-3 by the supernatants of S. aureus and E. coli. Blocking test using monoclonal antibodies to individual receptors showed decrease of phagocytic index in CR1, CR3, LFA-1 beta. In this phagocytosis using fluorescent microspheres, the complement receptors were most dedicating in phagocytosis of granulocyte.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Photodynamic therapy (PDT) in roentgenographically occult lung cancer by photofrin II and excimer dye laser].

UNLABELLED: Patients (pts) with hilar type early lung cancer from 5 hospitals served as the subjects to assess the complete response rate and toxicity of PDT with Photofrin II (PHE) and excimer dye laser (PDT EDL-1). ENTRY CRITERIA: 1. Histologically proven lung cancer with endoscopically superficial thickening or small protrusion. 2. All lesions that were located proximally from the subsegmental bronchus, were visible to the distal margin of the lesions. 3. N0M0. METHOD: All pts received PHE (2 mg/kg) i.v., 48 hours before PDT. Tumor lesions superficially photoradiated by an excimer dye laser via flexible bronchoscope. RESULTS: From September 1990 to March 1992, 39 pts with 46 carcinomas (CA) were enrolled. Thirty-three pts with 40 CA were evaluable. 1. RESPONSE: Thirty-five in 40 CA showed a complete response (CR) (87.5%, 95% confidence limit: 73.2-95.8%). All 32 cases of CA equal to or less than 1 cm of tumor length were CR, but 3 CA relapsed locally. Thirty-three of 35 CA visible to the distal margin were CR (91.7%, 95% confidence limit: 77.5-98.3%). 2. Toxicity (> WHO grade 2): Three pts (7.7%) had transient dermatitis and sunburn, while another pt (2.6%) had symptoms due to obstructive pneumonitis. CONCLUSIONS: Tumors equal to or less than 1 cm in length and visible to the distal margin are curable by PDT.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[A case of intrahepatic cholestasis following with adult respiratory distress syndrome].

A 58 year old man with arthralgia had been treated with antiinflammatory drugs since November, 1987. On March 1988, he was admitted to a local hospital because of jaundice. On April 18, exploratory laparotomy was done to look for the cause of continued jaundice. Macro-pathological and micropathological findings of the liver were compatible with those of intrahepatic cholestasis. On April 29, he was transferred to Kyushu University Hospital because of persistent jaundice. Physical examination showed jaundice, tachypnea and low grade fever. Laboratory examination showed elevated level of serum bilirubin, marked hypoxia and endotoxemia. Plain chest radiogram revealed ground-glass appearance in bilateral lung fields. He was diagnosed to be complicated with adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Glucocorticoid therapy and oxygen administration were started immediately. But pulmonary fibrosis developed and he died of respiratory failure. Histological findings of lung necropsy specimen were compatible with those of ARDS. These data strongly suggested that endotoxemia and reticuloendothelial dysfunction due to intrahepatic cholestasis had played important roles to develop ARDS.

Cholestasis, Intrahepatic↗
PubMed1993

Induction chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery for stage III non-small cell lung cancer.

Twenty-five patients with stage III, non-small cell lung cancer were treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy and thoracic radiation therapy followed by surgery. Thirteen patients had stage IIIA disease and 12, stage IIIB disease. The chemotherapy and radiotherapy were intensively combined with only a few days' interval between them. Radiation therapy delivering a total dose of 50-70 Gy was started 10 days after the beginning of chemotherapy. A few additional courses of chemotherapy were repeated until a thoracotomy was performed. All but two surgically-treated patients underwent tumor resection, with 19 lobectomies and four pneumonectomies. Eighteen patients underwent curative and five, non-curative resections. Pathological examination of the resected specimen provided accurate intrathoracic information. Six patients (24%) showed a pathologically complete response, with no cancer cells detected in the resected specimens. Severe postoperative complications occurred in five patients (20%), with one death. The disease recurred in five of the 18 patients who underwent a curative resection. A second primary tumor developed in two other patients. Seventeen patients (68%) are alive, with a median follow-up of 37 months after thoracotomy. The estimated three-year survival was 67% for all patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Effects of lomefloxacin on the rabbit retina].

The effects of lomefloxacin on the in-vitro ERG were studied in the rabbit. The ERG was unchanged during perfusion with 100 microM lomefloxacin. The oscillatory potential was selectively diminished with 300 microM lomefloxacin. The suppressive effect of 300 microM lomefloxacin on the oscillatory potential was antagonized by 0.2 microM bicuculline or 0.2 microM picrotoxin. Bicuculline (0.2 microM) or picrotoxin (0.2 microM) antagonized the suppressive effect of GABA (50 microM) on the oscillatory potential. Bicuculline (1.0 microM) alone, picrotoxin (1.0 microM) alone or GABA (50 microM) alone did not augment the oscillatory potential. The findings of the present study suggested that lomefloxacin, a new quinolone agent, inhibits GABA receptor binding in the rabbit retina.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Expression of 5-lipoxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase activation protein in glomerulonephritis.

The gene transcription of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) and 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (FLAP) in renal tissue of patients with IgA nephropathy and mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis were analyzed by amplification of reverse transcribed mRNA with polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The level of expression was determined by analysis of the PCR products of 5-LO, FLAP, and beta-actin. Forty percent of the patients expressed both 5-LO and FLAP. Relative to beta-actin, FLAP expression (0.42 +/- 0.21) was higher than 5-LO (0.14 +/- 0.10). Comparison of clinical data showed that patients who expressed 5-LO and FLAP had a lower glomerular filtration rate and an increased level of blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and proteinuria. The results suggest arachidonic acid metabolism by inflammatory cells in renal tissue may play an important role in human glomerulonephritis.

5-Lipoxygenase-Activating Proteins↗
PubMed1992

Hepatocyte growth factor is linked by O-glycosylated oligosaccharide on the alpha chain.

The glycosylation site and the structure of O-glycosylated oligosaccharide of recombinant human HGF were investigated. N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) in the alpha chain suggested the presence of O-glycosylated oligosaccharide. Sugar analysis and amino acid sequence analysis of peptide fragments produced by limited degradation revealed that O-glycosylated oligosaccharide linked to Thr445 of the alpha chain. The molecular weight of the oligosaccharide was determined with ion spray mass spectrometry. From these studies, the structure of the O-glycosylated oligosaccharide on the alpha chain of HGF was concluded as [formula: see text].

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Differential oxidase activity of hepatic and pulmonary microsomal cytochrome P-450 isozymes after treatment with cytochrome P-450 inducers.

Phenobarbital, 3-methylcholanthrene, acetone and pyrazole were used as inducers of cytochrome P450 and the NADPH-dependent oxidase activity (O-2 production) of pulmonary and hepatic microsomes was determined. Oxidase activity of microsomes from 3-methylcholanthrene-treated rats was significantly decreased as compared to that of controls when expressed on the basis of cytochrome P450 content (30% decrease for liver, 60% decrease for lung). The oxidase activity of liver microsomes from pyrazole-treated rats showed a significant increase, whereas phenobarbital treated microsomes had average superoxide-generating activity. The contribution of cytochromes CYP 1A, CYP 2B and CYP 2E1 to superoxide-generating activity was investigated using monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibody 1-91-3 against CYP 2E1 inhibited superoxide generation by 58% in liver microsomes from pyrazole-treated rats. Monoclonal antibodies 1-7-1 and 2-66-3 against CYP 1A and CYP2B, respectively, had no effect on superoxide generation. These results indicate that different cytochrome P450 isoforms are mainly responsible for differential superoxide generating activities of microsomes and complement the reconstitution study of Morehouse and Aust. Furthermore, our study indicates that CYP 1A1, induced by 3-MC, demonstrates an unusually low oxidase activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Anti-epidermal growth factor antibody inhibits compensatory renal hyperplasia but not hypertrophy after unilateral nephrectomy in mice.

The effect of anti-epidermal growth factor (EGF) antibody on the compensatory renal growth including hyperplasia and hypertrophy was investigated. The antibody used in this study blocked the stimulatory effect of EGF on the DNA synthesis of cultured rat hepatocytes. When this antibody was injected into mice intravenously after unilateral nephrectomy, the labeling index of the renal cortical tubular cells decreased significantly at the second day after uninephrectomy, but the antibody caused no decrease in remaining kidney weight. Immunohistochemical study revealed that injected anti-mouse EGF rabbit IgG was positively stained at the renal cortical tubular cells. EGF would thus appear importantly essential to compensatory renal hyperplasia.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Molecular cloning of a glucoamylase gene from a thermophilic Clostridium and kinetics of the cloned enzyme.

Clostridium sp. G0005 produces a cell-bound glucoamylase (CGA). The gene encoding CGA has been sequenced. The deduced amino acid sequence begins with a putative 21-residue signal sequence for secretion of bacterial lipoproteins, which suggests that a putative CGA precursor is modified and secreted like other bacterial lipoproteins in Clostridium sp. G0005, and that the modified residue is important in the cell-bound form of mature CGA. Comparison of the amino acid sequence of the CGA precursor with known eukaryotic enzymes showed several regions of high similarity in spite of low similarity throughout the overall primary structure. CGA is the first bacterial glucoamylase to be cloned. The CGA gene was expressed in Escherichia coli cells with an inducible expression plasmid, in which the 5' non-coding region and the N-terminal coding region of the gene were replaced with the lac promoter. Kinetic studies of the cloned enzyme purified from E. coli were performed with a set of linear malto-oligosaccharides as substrates, and the subsite affinity was calculated from the kinetic parameters. CGA had typical kinetic properties for a glucoamylase, but this bacterial enzyme had higher isomaltose-hydrolyzing activity than other eukaryotic glucoamylases.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Characterization of aldehyde reductase of Sporobolomyces salmonicolor.

An NADPH-dependent aldehyde reductase (EC 1.1.1.2) isolated from Sporobolomyces salmonicolor AKU 4429 was further characterized. The enzyme also catalyzed the reductions of D-glucuronate, D-glucose, D-xylose and D-galactose at high concentrations. Km values for D-glucuronate and D-glucose are 345 and 4270 mM, respectively. Quercetin, dicoumarol and some SH-reagents inhibited the enzyme activity. NH2-terminal amino acid sequence analysis showed that the S. salmonicolor enzyme is partially the same as the aldo-keto reductase family proteins in primary protein structure.

Alcohol Oxidoreductases↗