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Biomedical subjects

H Sakaguchi

Publications and source records attributed to H Sakaguchi.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Differences in adaptation to growth of children between internal thoracic artery and saphenous vein coronary bypass grafts.

BACKGROUND: It is not known how the internal thoracic artery (ITA) and saphenous vein graft (SVG) adapts to somatic growth of pediatric patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). METHODS: Twenty-two ITAs and 6 SVGs in 17 patients who underwent at least three postoperative catheterizations with biplanar cineangiography and followed for a minimum of 5 years were evaluated. We evaluated the length, diameter and curvature of the grafts by cineangiographies which were performed at 1 month, 1 year, 5 years and more than 5 years postoperatively. RESULTS: The length of the ITA (1-month: 117+/-31 mm, 1-year: 134+/-32 mm, 5-years: 146+/-28 mm, and >5-years: 155+/-34 mm, p=0.032) and diameter of the ITA (1.4+/-0.4 mm, 2.0+/-0.7 mm, 2.3+/-0.6 mm and 2.6+/-0.6 mm, p<0.0001) significantly increased over time, but neither the length nor diameter of the SVG length: 121+/-33 mm, 119+/-29 mm, 119+/-25 mm and 126+/-1 mm, p=0.9907; diameter: 4.1+/-1.0 mm, 3.9+/-0.7 mm, 4.0+/-0.8 mm and 3.3+/-0.4 mm, p=0.5784) increased. Although the ITA exhibited no change in curvature over time (1 month: 1.15+/-0.07, late: 1.15+/-0.07, p=0.8490), the curvature of the SVG significantly decreased over time (1 month: 1.42+/-0.19 and late: 1.25+/-0.16, p=0.0277). The percent segmental length of ITAs were changed little from early to late after CABG (1 month: proximal: 33.7+/-7.0%, middle: 33.3+/-7.9% and distal: 32.9+/-7.9%, vs late: 34.3+/-7.2%, 33.2+/-7.9% and 32.5+/-7.9%, p=0.937). CONCLUSIONS: ITAs grow in proportion to somatic growth, while SVGs course in a more linear fashion in adapting to patient growth.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed2001

Patch reconstruction of the mitral annulus for active infective endocarditis with annular abscess.

Active infective endocarditis is associated with high operative mortality and morbidity. The outcome may be improved by operating at the optimal time using the most appropriate surgical procedure. We describe a 15-year-old man with active infective endocarditis of the mitral valve associated with an annular abscess. Disseminated intravascular coagulation was associated with progressive decrease in the platelet count. The abscess was debrided, the mitral annulus was patch-reconstructed using bovine pericardium treated with glutaraldehyde, then the mitral valve was replaced. The patient was discharged from intensive care unit 3 days after operation with clinical and blood examination improvement. The patient is being observed carefully by periodic follow-up echocardiography, and there is no evidence of PVD, PVE or calcification of the patch during 14 months of follow-up period. Patch reconstruction of the annulus using bovine pericardium treated with glutaraldehyde reinforced the annulus and prevented local reinfection of the prosthesis in this patient.

Abscess↗
PubMed2001

[Simultaneous mitral and aortic valvuloplasty using rasping procedure for combined valvular disease: a case report].

We reported a case of successful simultaneous mitral and aortic valvuloplasty using rasping procedure. A 55-year-old woman with combined valvular disease received this operation. Postoperatively, the mitral valve area increased from 1.15 cm2 to 2.03 cm2. Mitral regurgitation improved. Aortic valve pressure gradient decreased from 21 mmHg to 0 mmHg. Aortic regurgitation also improved. Cardiac Index (CI) increased from 1.94 l/min./m2 to 2.59 l/min./m2. Ejection fraction (EF) also increased from 60% to 82%. The postoperative course was uneventful. Excellent postoperative results of this procedure may be expected, not only in single valvular disease but also in combined valvular disease.

Aortic Valve↗
PubMed2001

[QOL questionnaire version 2001 for pediatric patients with bronchial asthma and their parents or caregivers--preparation and evaluation].

We already reported that the QOL questionnaire for pediatric patients with bronchial asthma and their parents or caregivers reflects reliability (including test retest), factorial validity, and changes in paroxysmal attacks of asthma. In this study, we revised the questionnaire for use in routine medical care. We investigated the importance of questions for affected children and their parents or caregivers and selected and discarded questions on the basis of average ranks of the importance and medical standpoint so that the questionnaire might have physical and emotional domains. The QOL questionnaire version 2001 for pediatric patients with bronchial asthma and their parents or caregivers (hereafter to be abbreviated as the version 2001) includes 15 questions for patients under the age of 4 years and 20 questions for patients over the age of 4 years and 4 year-old. The "present" and "absent" groups, which were categorized with respect to the events (e.g., attack) that developed in 2 weeks prior to the QOL investigation, showed a significant difference (Mann-Whitney U-test) in terms of the total score of replies which constitute each domain, i.e., physical domain (p = 0.0052) in patients under the age of 4 years and physical domain (p < 0.0001) and emotional domain (p < 0.0001) in patients over the age of 4 years and 4 year-old. Regarding the average value of each reply which constitutes the domain as well, the physical domain showed a decrease in symptom instability and the "> or = 4 years" group showed a decrease in exertional load and mental load. Therefore, a QOL investigation like ours which investigates disorders in which attacks develop suddenly, e.g., asthma, should examine the presence or absence of all events prior to the investigation. The version 2001 was considered useful for affected children and their parents or caregivers to comprehend the content and severity of impairments which were provoked by asthma.

Asthma↗
PubMed2001

Inhibitory effect of ginsenoside-Rb2 on invasiveness of uterine endometrial cancer cells to the basement membrane.

Ginsenoside-Rb2 derived from ginseng inhibited invasiveness to the basement membrane of endometrial cancer cell lines Ishikawa. HHUA and HEC-1-A cells. These cells dominantly expressed matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 (gelatinase A) among MMPs by zymography. Ginsenoside-Rb2 suppressed the expression and activity of MMP-2, but did not alter the expression of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 and TIMP-2 in the cells. Therefore, ginsenoside-Rb2 might inhibit invasiveness to the basement membrane via MMP-2 suppression in some endometrial cancers, and can be used as a medicine for inhibition of secondary spreading of uterine endometrial cancers.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed2000

Steroid receptors and metastatic potential in endometrial cancers.

The relative overexpression of estrogen receptor (ER)-alpha exon 5 splicing variant, the disrupted synchronization of ER-beta and ER-alpha expressions, and the suppression of progesterone receptor (PR) form A expression as a transcriptional repressor might be related to metastatic potential of uterine endometrial cancers, leading to poor patient prognosis related to estrogen refractoriness.

Alternative Splicing↗
PubMed2000

Functional expression and genomic structure of human N-acetylglucosamine-6-O-sulfotransferase that transfers sulfate to beta-N-acetylglucosamine at the nonreducing end of an N-acetyllactosamine sequence.

The cDNA and gene encoding human N-acetylglucosamine-6-O-sulfotransferase (Gn6ST) have been cloned. Comparative analysis of this cDNA with the mouse Gn6ST sequence indicates 96% amino acid identity between the two sequences. The expression of a soluble recombinant form of the protein in COS-1 cells produced an active sulfotransferase, which transferred sulfate to the terminal GlcNAc in GlcNAcbeta1-O-CH(3), GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-O-CH(3) and GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4Gl cNAc but not in GlcNAcalpha1-4GlcAbeta1-3Galbeta1-3Galbeta1-4 Xylbeta1-O-Ser. In addition, neither Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-O-naphthalenemethanol nor GalNAcbeta1-4GlcAbeta1-3Galbeta1-3Galbeta1-4X ylbeta1-O-Ser were utilized as acceptors. These findings indicate that a terminal beta-linked GlcNAc residue is necessary for acceptor substrates of Gn6ST. The human Gn6ST gene spans about 7 kb, consists of two exons and exhibits an intron-less coding region.

Acetylglucosamine↗
PubMed2000

Sex differences in the ventral paleostriatum of the zebra finch: origin of the cholinergic innervation of the song control nuclei.

The two main song control nuclei in the forebrain of zebra finches, the higher vocal center (HVC) and the robust nucleus of the archistriatum (RA), are sexually dimorphic at many levels of their neural circuitry. These nuclei receive their cholinergic innervation from the ventral paleostriatum (VP), which is homologous to portions of the mammalian basal forebrain. We compared the cholinergic neurons in the VP between the sexes using choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) immunohistochemistry. Both the size and density of the ChAT-immunoreactive somata in areas of the VP that project to the HVC or RA in males were significantly larger than those in females. These sex differences in the VP may be reflected in the sex differences of behaviors such as song perception and production.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

The value of platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor as a novel predictor of advancement of uterine cervical cancers.

Serum platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor (PD-ECGF) in patients with uterine cervical cancers revealed a significantly positive correlation with clinical stage and tumor size and with the advancement indicators lymph node metastasis, parametrial involvement, and vessel permeation in both squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas. The prognosis of the patients with high serum PD-ECGF was extremely poor, whereas the 36-month survival rate of the other patients with low serum PD-ECGF was 81.3% in squamous cell carcinomas and 80.0% in adenocarcinomas. Our data indicate that serum PD-ECGF levels reflect the status of advancement of uterine cervical cancers and thus may be recognized as a novel tumor marker for both squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas of the uterine cervix.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Clinical implications of expression of interleukin 8 related to angiogenesis in uterine cervical cancers.

There was a significant correlation between microvessel counts and interleukin (IL)-8 levels and between infiltrated macrophage counts and IL-8 levels in uterine cervical cancers. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the localization of IL-8 was similar to that of CD68 for macrophages. The prognosis of the 20 patients with high IL-8 (>1000 pg/mg protein) in uterine cervical cancers was extremely poor, whereas the 24-month survival rate of the other 60 patients with low IL-8 (<1000 pg/mg protein) was 67%. Therefore, this indicates that IL-8 might be a prognostic indicator as an angiogenic factor supplied from macrophages within and around the tumor.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2000

Detection of alternatively spliced variant messages of Fas gene and mutational screening of Fas and Fas ligand coding regions in peripheral blood mononuclear cells derived from silicosis patients.

Silicosis is clinically characterized not only by respiratory disorders but by immunological abnormalities such as the appearance of autoantibodies and complications of autoimmune diseases. Dysregulation of apoptosis, particularly in the Fas/Fas ligand (FasL) pathway, has been considered to play a role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. It has been found that serum soluble Fas (sFas) levels are elevated in silicosis patients (SIL) and the sFas message is dominantly expressed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) derived from these individuals. In the present study, one tried to detect alternatively spliced variant messages including typical sFas message and found four that were highly and frequently expressed, and which possess a signal peptide domain, but not transmembrane and signal transducing domains, in PBMC derived from SIL. Functional mutations were not detected in Fas and FasL genes in silicosis PBMC. Still, alternative spliced variants of the Fas gene including typical sFas message appear to play an important role in the immunological dysregulation in SIL.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Estrogen receptors in human myeloma cells.

It has recently been reported that the human myeloma cell line U266 proceeds to undergo apoptosis after cultivation with the antiestrogen tamoxifen, thus raising the possibility that antiestrogens may be candidates for use in myeloma therapy. To obtain basic information on the effects of antiestrogens on myeloma cells, we investigated the mRNA expression levels of estrogen receptor (ER)-alpha, ER-beta, and coactivators and corepressors in nine human myeloma cell lines and compared them with those of seven human breast cancer cell lines including four ER-positive and three ER-negative lines. The alterations in cell growth and mRNA expression of the target genes of ER or those of cytokines in the myeloma lines by estradiol or antiestrogens (tamoxifen and toremifene) were also investigated. In addition, effects on membrane Fas expression, appearance of apoptosis, and cell cycle perturbation were analyzed. It was revealed that ER-beta and corepressors were dominantly expressed in myeloma cells, and antiestrogens induced growth inhibition through apoptosis mediated by a Fas-related pathway and G1 arrest of the cell cycle in myeloma cell lines.

Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal↗
PubMed2000

Thoracolithiasis.

Thoracolithiasis without any history of chest traumas or interventions is pathologically rare, with only 9 cases including our 2, reported thus far in the literature. Case 1: A 76-year-old man admitted to our hospital had an abnormal shadow in chest radiography that gradually enlarged. Serum carcinoembrionic antigen was slightly elevated during follow-up. A milky white tumor 1.5 cm in diameter with many projections was found in the thoracic cavity and removed by thoracoscopy. Histopathological examination showed the tumor to consist of fibrous tissue with fatty necrosis at the core. Case 2: A 54-year-old woman admitted to our hospital had an abnormal shadow in chest screening radiography in 1998. Transbronchial biopsy showed this shadow to be lung adenocarcinoma. A small trigonal pyramid-shaped milky white nodule 5 mm in diameter was found in the thorax during lobectomy for lung cancer. Histopathological examination showed this nodule also to consist of fibrous tissue with fatty necrosis.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Transsternal bilateral thoracotomy for pericardiectomy after coronary artery bypass grafting.

Surgery for constrictive pericarditis was conducted through a transsternal bilateral thoracotomy in a 45-year-old man who developed the condition 12 months after coronary artery bypass grafting with left internal thoracic artery and vein grafts. The grafts ran just beneath the sternum. To avoid injury to the bypass grafts during sternotomy and mediastinal dissection, we conducted a transsternal bilateral thoracotomy, which provided excellent exposure of the heart. Complete pericardiectomy was done safely without cardiopulmonary bypass. Constrictive pericarditis following cardiac surgery is an uncommon complication posing difficult problems for the surgeon. The presence of a patent left internal thoracic artery bypass is particularly challenging. Transsternal bilateral thoracotomy is a useful approach in patients with constrictive pericarditis in whom a median sternotomy is contraindicated.

Coronary Artery Bypass↗
PubMed2000

Amsler grid examination and optical coherence tomography of a macular hole caused by accidental Nd:YAG laser injury.

PURPOSE: To compare a macular hole from accidental Nd:YAG laser injury with idiopathic macular holes. METHODS: Case report. In a 24-year-old man with accidental Nd:YAG laser injury, right eye, Amsler grid testing and optical coherence tomography were performed. RESULTS: Nd:YAG laser injury was responsible for a macular hole about 700 microm in diameter. The visual acuity was 20/100. Amsler grid testing displayed a central scotoma with no surrounding distortion. Optical coherence tomography showed a defect in all retinal layers at the macula. CONCLUSION: The scotoma caused by Nd:YAG laser injury is not surrounded by distortion; the hole is produced by the defect of all retinal layers. In contrast, idiopathic macular holes generally produce a pincushion pattern on Amsler grid testing and have no tissue loss.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed2000

Effects of warm ischemia and cryopreservation on cartilage viability of tracheal allografts.

BACKGROUND: For clinical use of a cryopreserved tracheal allograft, it is important to evaluate cartilage viability. We assessed cell viability of the cartilage in a cryopreserved tracheal allograft by measurement of Na2 35SO4 incorporation. We also investigated the effects of warm ischemic time on tracheal cartilage viability. METHODS: The tracheas from Lewis rats were harvested and preserved at different warm ischemic times from cardiac death to preservation (0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 9, and 12 hours, each group n = 8). The cartilage was labeled with 4 muCi/mL of Na2 35SO4. The specimen was hydrolyzed in 0.5 mol/L NaOH, and a solution of the extracts was then counted by liquid scintillation counter. Tracheas were transplanted into Brown Norway rats. RESULTS: 35Sulfur incorporation in the cartilage decreased as warm ischemic time increased. In addition, 35Sulfur incorporation decreased from 76% to 67% after cryopreservation. Histologic examinations of the normal tracheal cartilage before preservation and after thawing were done in all the groups. After transplantation, the cartilage had severe fibrous changes, and its layer was almost nonobservable in the 9- and 12-hour groups. CONCLUSIONS: The viability of the tracheal cartilage decreased with warm ischemic time and from 76% to 67% after cryopreservation. In the rat tracheal transplantation model, a cryopreserved tracheal allotransplant could be done safely with a graft that was cryopreserved within 6 hours of warm ischemic time.

Animals↗