[The value of computed tomography in acute pyelonephritis].
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Acute Disease↗
Biomedical subjects
H Sakagami
Publications and source records attributed to H Sakagami.
[Pharmacokinetic study of cefsulodin in patients with kidney dysfunction].
Seventeen patients with various grades of kidney function were injected each with cefsulodin (CFS) 1 g dissolved in 20 ml of saline. Serum and urine concentrations of CFS were determined using high performance liquid chromatography up to 24 hours after administration. Pharmacokinetic analysis was done using a two-compartment model. The results were discussed by comparing creatinine clearance (Ccr) values divided into 4 groups: greater than or equal to 70 ml/min (group I), 50-less than 70 ml/min (group II), 30-less than 50 ml/min (group III), and less than 30 ml/min (group IV). A delay in the disappearance of CFS from the blood was observed with a decrease in Ccr. Half-lives of CFS in blood (T 1/2 beta) were 1.03 hours (group I), 2.09 hours (group II), 3.44 hours (group III), and 4.52 hours (group IV). Serum clearance (Cls) and Ccr were found to be related with an equation: Cls = 1.60 x Ccr + 7.70. The correlation coefficient (r) was 0.881. Ccr and T 1/2 beta were found to be related with an equation: T 1/2 beta = 31.27 x Ccr-0.688, and the area under the curve (AUC) was found to be related to Ccr with AUC = 4,226 x Ccr-0.81. Urinary excretion rates up to 24 hours after administration were 84.4% (group I), 69.1% (group II), 67.5% (group III), and 56.5% (group IV). This means that CFS is excreted in urine with a relatively high recovery even in the case of low Ccr less than 30 ml/min.
Cefsulodin↗
[Evaluation of the free nipple method in cutaneous ureterostomy].
Cutaneous ureterostomies, in which urostomas were made by a free nipple method, were performed on 14 ureters of 10 patients. The free nipple method was evaluated from the standing point of stoma care. Catheterless cutaneous ureterostomy was applied in 8 of the 10 patients. Six patients had to have catheters, and the catheter was not needed in 2 patients. The reasons for reindwelling the catheter in 6 patients were: 1) the urostoma had come to be at skin level by disturbance of blood supply for the ureter, and 2) urine puddled just on the urostoma and oozed out between the skin and Varicare flange. It may be concluded that the free nipple method is not satisfactory as urostoma in cutaneous ureterostomy for advancing the quality of life of the ostomate. A further study is in progress.
Aged↗
The contact Nd:YAG laser system in the treatment of bladder cancer: a preliminary report in 48 patients.
A synthetic contact sapphire endoprobe attached to the quartz fiber of a neodymium:yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser had been used in the transurethral treatment of bladder tumors. A total of 68 operations have been carried out in 48 patients. The contact probe was placed directly into the tumor under direct vision. Using 15-20 watts of laser energy, the tumor blanched and underwent necrosis. The technique was easy to apply, and bleeding was minimal. Damage to the ureteral orifice and ureter in the bladder wall at repeat cystoscopy appeared less than with conventional electrocautery or noncontact laser treatment. The technique of contact Nd:YAG laser surgery will have an important role in the transurethral treatment of bladder tumors.
Biopsy↗
[Morphological studies of Escherichia coli in the urine of patients with acute simple cystitis treated with cefbuperazone].
The effects of cefbuperazone (CBPZ) on the morphology of Escherichia coli in the urine of 10 patients with acute simple cystitis were studied by differential interference contrast microscopy and electron microscopy. The urine specimens were collected via catheter before, 5, 10, 15 and 30 minutes after intravenous administration of 0.25 g CBPZ. The minimum inhibitory concentrations for 8 Escherichia coli strains isolated from 8 patients against CBPZ were from 0.05 to 0.2 mcg/ml except one strain. The mean urinary concentrations at 5, 10, 15 and 30 minutes after administration of CBPZ were 274.8, 1181.5, 1343.4 and 931.5 mcg/ml, respectively. Urinalysis improved within 30 minutes after the administration. Filamentous cells of Escherichia coli were observed until 30 minutes after the administration. They had vacuole-like, and spheroplast and bulge formation were also observed in tested cases. CBPZ is suggested to have a high affinity for penicillin-binding protein (PBP) 3 and moderate affinity for PBP 1b and PBP 1a.
Acute Disease↗
[Spermatocytic seminoma. Case report and review of the literature].
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Dysgerminoma↗
[Our experience with combined intravesical instillation therapy of superficial bladder tumor using Aclacinomycin-A (ACM) and cytosine arabinoside (CA)].
Thirteen patients with recurrent superficial bladder tumors were treated by combined intravesical instillation of Aclacinomycin-A (ACM) and cytosine arabinoside (CA). Prophylactic effects of this combined instillation therapy were studied in 7 patients. A solution of 200 micrograms/ml of ACM and 600 micrograms/ml of CA was instilled into the bladder. The instillation aimed for treatment was carried out once a week until ten treatments had been given. Complete response was attained in 2 patients and partial response in 3 patients, but tumor size increased by more than 50% in 6 of the 13 patients. No change was observed in the remaining 2 patients. Recurrence of the tumors was observed in 3 of the 7 patients who were treated by this prophylactic combined instillation therapy. Local side effects such as bladder irritability were found in 2 of the 20 patients. No systemic side effects were noted in any patients. Although the side effects were reduced, we were not satisfied with the results of this therapy.
Aclarubicin↗
[Long-term treatment and clinical evaluation of enoxacin in complicated urinary tract infections].
Enoxacin (ENX) was used in the treatment of 16 patients with complicated urinary tract infections. ENX was orally administered 600 mg three times a day for 14--32 days. Clinical results evaluated according to the criteria of UTI committee were excellent in 6 cases, moderate in 3 cases and poor in 6 cases. The overall efficacy rate was 60.0%. Two moderate cases at 5 days showed excellent results at 14 days. Twelve out of 18 bacteriological strains were eradicated, with the elimination rate of 66.7%. As side effects, slight constipation occurred in one patient, and he was treated with purgatives. Photoallergic eruptions occurred in one of the 16 patients. He was treated with an antihistaminic agent and soon recovered.
Administration, Oral↗
Partial purification of novel differentiation-inducing substances(s) from hot water extract of Japanese pine cone.
The effects of hot-water extract of pine cone (PCE) of Pinus parviflora Sieb. et Zucc. on the growth and differentiation of ML-1 cells, derived from a patient with human myeloblastic leukemia, were investigated. Growth of ML-1 cells was slightly inhibited at 3% (v/v) PCE, and a cytotoxic effect appeared at greater than 10%. Growth inhibition was accompanied by conversion to morphologically macrophage-like cells with alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase activity. In contrast, PCE dose-dependently increased the Fc receptor and nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT)-reducing activity up to 3%; above 3% its effect declined. Most of the cytotoxic activity was extracted from PCE with ethanol, and separated from the insoluble pellet, which contained the differentiation-inducing activity. The differentiation-inducing activity was eluted near the void volume on Sephadex G-200 gel filtration, with a 260-fold increase in the specific activity.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic↗
Morphological studies of Escherichia coli in the urine of patients with acute simple cystitis treated with aztreonam.
The effects of aztreonam (AZT) on the morphology of Escherichia coli in the urine of 5 patients with acute simple cystitis were studied by differential interference contrast microscopy. The urine specimens were collected via catheter before, 5, 15 and 30 minutes after intravenous administration of 1.0 gm AZT. The minimum inhibitory concentration of E. coli against AZT was 0.05 microgram/ml. The mean urinary concentrations at 5, 15 and 30 minutes after administration of AZT were 481.6 micrograms/ml, 1168.2 micrograms/ml and 993.4 micrograms/ml, respectively. In 4 patients, the urinalysis became normal within 30 minutes after the administration. Filamentous cells were observed at low and high urinary concentrations of AZT. They had vacuole-like formations. These findings were characteristic morphological changes caused by AZT. In the other patient, spheroplasts and ovoid cells were observed. AZT in the urine of patients with acute simple cystitis is suggested to have a high affinity for penicillin-binding protein (PBP) 3 and moderate affinity for PBP 1a.
Acute Disease↗
The treatment of bladder cancer by neothramycin.
Neothramycin (NTM), an anthramycin-group anticancer antibiotic, was used in the treatment of superficial carcinoma of the bladder. NTM was instilled into the bladder in the following dosages. Ten mg NTM in 20 ml of sterile distilled water was given first, and increased to 40 mg in 20 ml. This procedure was performed every second week to twice a day. Recently, in 2 patients, the treatment has been combined with 20 mg NTM intravenous administration. In 4 of the 11 patients (36%) the tumors disappeared completely, while in 6 patients (55%) there was partial disappearance of more than 50% and in one patient (9%) there was no effect. Three of the patients had irritable bladder symptom (temporarily). NTM was concluded to be effective for superficial carcinoma of the bladder.
Administration, Intravesical↗
[Fungal urinary infection: report no. 1].
Clinical studies were performed on 115 fungal strains isolated from the urine of 36 patients. The predisposing factors were fungal urinary tract infections, antibiotics and indwelling catheter. Forty five strains of the 115 strains were Candida albicans, the most prevalent, followed by 25 strains of C. tropicalis and 22 strains of Trichosporon beigelii. Species of Torulopsis were rare, only 5 strains were isolated. Sixty strains (56%) co-existed with bacteria in urine. The co-existing bacteria most frequently isolated were Pseudomonas and Streptococcus. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 5-FU was measured using the Bact-Morphology Agar medium. C. albicans, C. guillermondii, and Torulopsis glabrata showed an excellent MIC (under 0.78 microgram/ml), C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis, T. beigelii, and T. cutaneum showed a poor MIC (over 100 micrograms/ml).
Adult↗
[Silicone pig-tail catheter for the upper urinary tract].
Experience with pig-tail designed silicone rubber catheter for upper urinary tract is reported. There are several sizes of catheter: the small size (5, 6 F) is adequate for cystoscopic ureteral stenting, and the large size (8-14F) is suitable for the purpose of urinary diversion e.g. nephrostomy, cutaneostomy. In cases of long-term indwelling catheter like nephrostomy and cutaneostomy, there were some advantages; remarkably decreased frequency of catheter exchange, and prevention and/or treatment of dermatitis around the urostoma with Varicare system II. As a splint catheter after urinary tract surgery e.g. pyeloplasty, ureteroplasty, pyelolithotomy, the catheter was excellent.
Adult↗
Histone H1 in G1 arrested, senescent, and Werner syndrome fibroblasts.
Histone H1 content and synthesis were examined in normal, Werner-syndrome, and transformed fibroblasts. Analysis of 3H-lysine incorporation indicated that senescent cells, but not G1-arrested young cells, had a lower ratio of molar synthesis of H1 histone to nucleosome histones than did growing young cells or gamma-ray-transformed cells. Furthermore, a biochemical study of histone H1 content plotted as a function of DNA synthesis activity and an immunocytological study using antiserum against histone H1 revealed that senescent cells had a lower histone H1 content than did young cultures at all stages of cell proliferation. Werner syndrome skin fibroblasts at early passage, however, had amounts of histone H1 comparable to those of age-matched normal control fibroblasts. We conclude that a decline, with increasing passage number, in content and synthesis of H1 histone relative to nucleosomal histones (Mitsui et al., 1980) was not simply due to passage-related accumulation of G1-arrested cells, but actually reflected age specific changes of cultured human fibroblasts. The depletion of histone H1 in the chromatin of senescent cells is a possible cause of DNA strand breakage or relaxation of gene repression.
Cell Cycle↗
[Interstitial laser irradiation of bladder cancer using a laser micro rod].
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Adenocarcinoma↗
[Pharmacokinetic study of cefmenoxime concerning its transfer into tissues].
Cefmenoxime (1 g) was intravenously administered by one shot to investigate its pharmacokinetic profile with respect to transfer into the kidney, vesical wall and prostatic adenoma. The concentration of cefmenoxime in the kidney reached a peak of 403 micrograms/g at 0.17 hour after administration. The biological half-life was 0.74 hour. In the vesical wall, the level of cefmenoxime reached a peak of 28 micrograms/g at 0.67 hour after administration. The half-life was 2.30 hours. The peak level of cefmenoxime in the prostatic adenoma was 22 micrograms/g at 0.39 hour after administration. The half-life was 2.90 hours. The concentrations of cefmenoxime in these urogenital tissues were higher than its MIC80 and MBC80 against various Gram-negative organisms.
Adult↗
[A study on administration of antibiotics during operation for prevention of postoperative infections].
Two antibiotics, piperacillin (PIPC) and cefoperazone (CPZ) were administered during operation and determined of efficacy for prevention of postoperative infections. Following administration of PIPC and CPZ during operation, high serum concentrations were obtained. In exudates not so high concentrations were achieved with either PIPC or CPZ. This was considered to be probably due to the period and methods of collection of specimens used in this study. Bacteriological studies of washings of wounds obtained during operation gave negative results in all cases. It was considered that administration of antibiotics during operation may suffice for prevention of postoperative infections for all cases with relatively short operation time excepting for cases operated for malignant tumors or urinary tract lithiasis.
Adult↗
Differentiation-associated changes in human non-T, non-B leukemia cell lines after treatment with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA).
The ability of TPA to induce stable phenotypic changes that normally serve as markers of differentiation was examined in the four human non-T, non-B cell lines, NALL-1, NALM-16, REH and KM-3. In all four lines, noncytotoxic concentrations of the phorbol ester caused an extensive reduction in the number of cells expressing cALL surface antigen and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase. The disappearance of these markers correlated with the loss of cell proliferation. In one of the cell lines, NALL-1, TPA treatment gave rise to a significant increase in Ia-like antigen and antigen T-101, markers which represent more advanced stages of cell maturation. However, surface or cytoplasmic immunoglobins, indicators of mature B cells, were not detectable. Antigen 3A1, specific for myeloid and for T cells, antigen Leu-4, specific for T cells and antigen CM1, specific for monocytes, were also absent. In all cell lines, exposure to TPA resulted in an approximately two-fold increase in acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase activity. The emergence of these phenotype changes was not altered upon repeated washing of the TPA-treated cells. These results demonstrate that while TPA is capable of inducing various non-T, non-B cell lines to differentiate to a limited degree, differences exist between the lines in the extent to which they can mature towards the B-cell stage.
Acid Phosphatase↗