Biomedical subjects

H Saitoh

Publications and source records attributed to H Saitoh.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources

PubMed1989

[Myelotomy for acute cervical cord injury. Report of four cases].

Four cases of acute cervical cord injury treated by posterior midline myelotomy are described. The initial neurological examinations of these four patients indicated complete cord lesions. On plain neck X-rays, two exhibited anterior dislocation and two showed no bony injury other than ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament. Myelography via C1/2 lateral puncture showed complete block of the subarachnoid space in two cases, and incomplete block in the other two. Computed tomographic myelography revealed cord swelling in all cases. Posterior midline myelotomy was performed after administration of a steroid and mannitol, or reduction of spinal dislocation. The time from injury to myelotomy ranged from 5 to 21 hours. No patient developed new deficits postoperatively. During long-term follow-up, which ranged from 10 to 19 months, all patients showed improvement in motor function of the upper extremities. Sensory disturbances also diminished to some degree. However, in one patient, who underwent myelotomy 18 hours after injury and had shown progressive neurological deterioration before surgery, the improvement in motor function was only slight. In this case, earlier myelotomy may have been more beneficial. These results support the indication for myelotomy in cases of acute cervical cord injury with cord swelling. Particularly if performed early, this procedure is effective in preventing secondary neurological damage.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1989

Neurotological follow-up studies upon Minamata disease.

During 1986-87, 35 patients with organic mercury intoxication, who had been recognized as having Minamata disease by the Arbitration Committee in Niigata during 1968-78, were followed up neurotologically in Kido Hospital, Niigata, Japan. Characteristic follow-up features were served, as follows. 1. In 6 cases, spontaneous nystagmus had disappeared, but had newly appeared in 9 cases. However, positional nystagmus was markedly improved in 15 cases. 2. In OKN tests, especially in the vertical OKN test, relatively significant deterioration was observed at the follow-up examinations. 3. There was little significant change in the caloric nystagmus test and body-equilibrium tests. 4. In pure-tone audiometry, 16 out of 58 ears showed deterioration of hearing (28%), while 4 ears showed improvement (7%). In the neurotological findings there was much variation among the patients themselves. Therefore, these variable findings should be considered as being caused not by duration of the intoxication alone, but also by ageing factors in the patients.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

Determination of the sex of chickens by a biotin-labeled deoxyribonucleic acid probe.

Repeating units of the W chromosome-specific, XhoI-family repetitive DNA of chickens have been cloned and sequenced. The recombinant plasmid carrying the .7 kilobase (kb) W chromosome-specific repeating unit was labeled by biotinylated deoxyuridine 5'-triphosphate and used to determine the sex of White Leghorn chicken by two DNA hybridization techniques. Hybrids formed were detected by the streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase method. By Southern blot hybridization, XhoI-.7 kb, XhoI-1.1 kb, and EcoRI-1.3 kb fragments were detected in the genomic DNA from the female White Leghorn but not in the DNA from the male. By dot-blot hybridization, which is the most convenient way to detect a specific nucleotide sequence, the difference between male and female could be clearly detected not only using purified DNA samples but also using blood cells or even blood itself as samples.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

[Comparison of SPECT images with four kinds of 99mTc collimators].

Performance of SPECT imaging systems which use a rotating gamma camera, are affected by characteristics of the detector-collimator assembly, the data acquisition method, and the filter used in image reconstruction. The purpose of this study is to examine image qualities of SPECT with different types of low energy collimators. The SPECT imaging system in this study is a rotating gamma camera ZLC-7500 (Siemens) and a data processing unit Scintipac-700 (Shimadzu). The four types of collimators compared are UHR (ultra high resolution), HR (high resolution), AP (general all purpose), and HS (high sensitivity), with 0.27, 0.66, 1.00, and 2.06 relative sensitivity, respectively. In the case of the same collimator, the spatial resolutions measured in the slice plane showed a slight difference in the FWHM values (mean values of UHR, HR, AP, and HS were 11.3 mm, 13.6 mm, 15.8 mm, and 20.4 mm, respectively.) between the center and the circumference of the field of view, in the radial direction, but a large difference in the tangential direction, with lower FWHM values (values of UHR, HR, AP, and HS were 8.4 mm, 8.7 mm, 9.3 mm, and 10.8 mm at 12 cm from the center, respectively.). In comparison of SPECT images with the four types of collimators, except for the HS collimator, image qualities of UHR, HR, and AP collimators showed only a slight difference. From the pont of view of sensitivity and spatial resolution of the collimator, it is expected that the AP collimator would be suitable for SPeCT imaging with 99mTc.

Models, Structural↗

PubMed1989

[Separation and properties of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase from human seminal plasma].

N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase from human seminal plasma has been separated by the cellulose acetate electrophoresis into two components, isoenzyme I and II. The two isoenzymes are readily separated on a DEAE-Sephadex column. Isoenzyme I which has adsorbed to the column, is eluted at 0.1 M NaCl, whereas isoenzyme II has passed through the column. The following enzyme properties have been obtained: 1) Both isoenzymes show the same Km values (0.27 X 10(-3) M) towards sodio-m-cresol-sufonphtaleinyl-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide . 2) Both isoenzymes show the same pH optima of 5.4. 3) Optimal temperature for isoenzyme I is 50 degrees C, while that for isoenzyme II is 65 degrees C. Isoenzyme II is heat stable, while isoenzyme I is easily denatured by heat. These characteristics of isoenzyme I and II coincide with previous reports of NAG A and B from the spleen and the kidney, respectively. The activity ratio of isoenzyme I and II has been studied for the reproductive tissues. The % ratio of isoenzyme I and II in the epididymal head is 62 and 38, that in the epididymal tail is 42 and 58, and 38:62 in the seminal vesicle, 35:65 in the prostatic gland and 27:73 in the seminal plasma.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗

PubMed1989

A case of carmofur-induced leukoencephalopathy--MR images and CT findings.

In a patient with carmofur-induced leukoencephalopathy with a fairly good prognosis, serial MR images demonstrated reversible abnormal signal intensity areas located in the cerebral white matter surrounding the lateral ventricles. These findings suggested that the edematous change together with demyelination of the white matter is important in the pathogenesis underlying carmofur-induced leukoencephalopathy.

Aged↗

PubMed1989

[Studies on diamine oxidase (DAO) activity in seminal plasma].

Diamine oxidase (DAO: EC 1.4.3.6) activity was measured for seminal plasma of patients complaining of infertility to investigate whether measurement of DAO activity in seminal plasma is a significant laboratory examination or not for evaluation of male infertility. (1) DAO activity showed a slight decrease with increasing sperm density, but there was no significant correlation between DAO activity and sperm density. (2) DAO activity was higher in samples with sperm motility below 20%. There was a significant negative correlation between DAO activity and sperm motility. (3) DAO activity was higher in samples with motile sperm count below 10 x 10/ml. In conclusion, the simple spectrophotometric assays for DAO could form the base of a routine examination of male infertility.

Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing)↗

PubMed1989

[Parvovirus-induced aplastic crisis in a child with hereditary spherocytosis: studies on the mechanisms of hemopoietic suppression].

A 4 4/12-year-old girl with hereditary spherocytosis (HS) who presented with an aplastic crisis during a human parvovirus (HPV) B19 infection is reported. IgM and IgG antibodies to the HPVB19 and HPV19 DNA were detected. Each of Leu 7+, Leu 11+ and HLA-DR+ cells increased. OKT4/OKT8 ratio decreased to 0.71. In order to investigate the mechanism of aplastic crisis, we used an in vitro culture technique for erythroid and granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells (BFU-E, CFU-E and CFU-C). The patient's HPV19 DNA-containing aplastic phase serum inhibited the formation of BFU-E, CFU-E and CFU-C. After removal of the adherent cells from the aplastic phase bone marrow, the numbers of BFU-E significantly increased. These results suggest that aplastic crisis of the patient with HS was caused by HPVB19, and that monocytes-macrophages and NK cells played an important role in the pathogenesis of aplastic crisis.

Anemia, Aplastic↗

PubMed1989

[Analysis of the result of thyroid microsomal particle agglutination test by ELISA].

No accurate method to detect thyroid microsomal (MC) antibody (Ab) in serum has been generalized. In this study, the titer of MC Ab obtained by the method of MC autoantibody particle agglutination (MCPA) was analyzed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). MC and thyroglobulin (Tg) were prepared from Graves' thyroid. ELISA was done by coating the plate with MC, adding Tg to buffer and using peroxidase-conjugated anti-h IgG. 1) The titer of MCPA correlated with the MC Ab ELISA index in serum without Tg Ab, but it did not in serum with Tg Ab. MC Ab was negative by ELISA while it was positive by MCPA in some of the sera with Tg Ab. 2) When ELISA was done using buffer without Tg, the amount of IgG bound to MC was greater in serum with TGPA: + and MCPA: - than in serum with MCPA: + and TGPA: -. 3) The zone phenomenon observed in MCPA did not always indicate an excess of MC Ab. 4) MC Ab was positive by ELISA in some of the negative MCPA sera obtained from patients with Hashimoto's disease in which diagnosis was confirmed by biopsy. In conclusion, the result obtained in MCPA now in use is strongly influenced by Tg Ab. Furthermore, since binding of Ab to MC is judged by agglutination of particles in MCPA, ELISA is superior in sensitivity and accuracy in detecting MC Ab.

Agglutination Tests↗

PubMed1989

[Possible involvement of vascular endothelium-derived relaxing factor induced by platelet-activating factor (PAF) on human pulmonary artery after contraction in vitro].

We studied the effects of platelet-activating factor (PAF) on human pulmonary vascular smooth muscle in vitro. 10(-6) M PAF elicited slight contractions in 2 of 7 endothelium-denuded arterial strips, but did not elicit distinct contractions or relaxations in the other strips. After incubation with PAF at 10(-7) M, the contractions of pulmonary vascular smooth muscle induced by histamine and prostaglandin F2 alpha were significantly decreased. Preincubation of 10(-3) M indomethacin did not affect the inhibitory effects of PAF, but these disappeared with removal of endothelium. These results suggest that the inhibitory effects of PAF on human pulmonary vascular smooth muscle contractions may appear not through the cyclooxygenase products but the endothelium-derived relaxing factor.

Female↗

PubMed1989

[Study on urinary beta-glucuronidase and alkaline phosphatase activities as indicators of CDDP renal toxicity].

Renal toxicity is the major side effect of cis-dichlorodiammine platinum (CDDP) and it develops renal tubular damage. In the present study, the acute changes of urinary beta-glucuronidase (beta-GL) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities following CDDP administration as indicators of its toxicity were studied in 5 patients with urological malignant tumors. The activities were measured for 11 days continuously from the day before CDDP administration. In all cases, both urinary enzyme activities increased with CDDP administration. Increase patterns of urinary beta-GL activities were similar to those of urinary NAG, but remarkably-high values of beta-GL activities were found in cases of urothelial tumors probably because urinary beta-GL derives from the kidney (lysosomes of tubular cells) and from the epithelial cells of urinary tract. Urinary ALP activities changed corresponding well with urinary gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP). This study shows that the determination of urinary beta-GL is not a significant marker of CDDP renal toxicity, especially in cases with urological malignancies, in contrast to results for urinary brush border enzyme activities such as ALP or gamma-GTP.

Aged↗

PubMed1989

[An in vitro drug screening assay, scintillation assay, and its clinical application].

We have developed an in vitro drug screening test by scintillation assay with which we can assess the chemosensitivity of solid human tumors during the 5 days following tumor resection. We are able to evaluate 62% (271/439) of the human tumors' chemosensitivity results. Seventy-seven of these cases were examined for in vitro-in vivo correlations. In 14 of 33 in vitro sensitivity cases (42%) we found clinical responses. And, in 41 of 44 in vitro resistance cases (95%) we found progressive disease. These in vitro-in vivo correlations with the scintillation assay were similar to those in other reports with different types of chemosensitivity assay. The true-positive accuracy of these tests averaged 50%, while the true-negative accuracy averaged 90%. We think that tumor cell heterogeneity is one of the main reasons for low true positive accuracy in the drug screening assays. In some studies we implanted human tumors into nude mice. The resulting xenografts demonstrated that fresh human tumors are composed of heterogeneous subpopulations of cells with varying chemosensitivities and varying DNA indexes. This heterogeneic nature of human tumor cells means that a single biopsy specimen may not comprehensively define the chemosensitivity of a patient disease.

Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor↗

PubMed1989

[Evaluation of antiplatelet drugs on platelet functions--comparison between ticlopidine and dipyridamole after prosthetic valve replacement].

We examined the efficacy of antiplatelet drugs after prosthetic valve replacement. As an early postoperative group (group E), 49 patients were divided into four groups. In group A only warfarin was given. In group B warfarin and dipyridamole 300 mg/day, in group C warfarin and ticlopidine 300 mg/day, in group D warfarin and ticlopidine 600 mg/day were administered respectively. As a late postoperative group (group L), 45 patients with prosthetic valves were divided into two groups. In group I dipyridamole 300 mg/day in group II ticlopidine 300 mg/day were administered. Both group I and II received warfarin. In group E platelet counts and platelet aggregability were examined to 22 POD. In group L starting two years after valve replacement, platelet counts were examined eight times by three-month intervals, and platelet aggregability, platelet adhesiveness were investigated 36 months in group I and 27 months in group II postoperatively. Results are the following. 1) Neither ticlopidine nor dipyridamole had any effects on the platelet counts through the postoperative period. 2) In the early postoperative period, the administration of antiplatelet drugs to groups B, C, and D suppressed platelet aggregability more than group A. 3) Ticlopidine (groups C and II) reduced ADP and collagen aggregabilities compared with dipyridamole (group B and I) both in the early and late postoperative period. 4) Ticlopidine 300 mg/day (group C) and ticlopidine 600 mg/day (group D) had no difference in ADP and Collagen aggregabilities. 5) No significant difference was shown between dipyridamole (group I) and ticlopidine (group II) in platelet adhesiveness.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗

PubMed1989

[A case of IIa + IIc type early carcinoma of the rectum, with no invasion of the submucosa].

A case of a IIa + IIc type early carcinoma of the rectum is reported. A 62-year-old man, who had been checked by immunological latex agglutination faecal occult blood testing, underwent a colorectal examination at Hakodate Chu-o Hospital. A barium enema revealed a slightly elevated lesion with a central depression in the lower rectum. Colonoscopic examination showed a IIa + IIc type of early rectal carcinoma. Study of the resected specimen also confirmed a IIa + IIc type early rectal carcinoma, 17 x 15 mm in diameter. Histologically, a lesion was located within the mucosa and consisted of both a carcinoma and an adenoma. Immunological latex agglutination faecal occult blood testing was thought to be useful for mass screening detection of a colorectal carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1989

Changes in catecholamine level in hypotensive patients subjected to dialysis.

An increase in the long-term survival ratio of patients with chronic renal failure has led to an increase in constant hypotensive accidents and cases of hypotension attacks during hemodialysis in spite of no prior abnormal physical findings, leading to difficulty in maintaining further dialysis. Many investigators have examined the plasma noradrenalin (NA) levels in dialysis patients, but the relationship between blood pressure and the plasma catecholamine concentration remains unknown. In our time-course plasma catecholamine level measurements, no significant difference was observed between the pre- and post-hemodialysis period, but a comparison of the plasma catecholamine levels for respective time periods revealed that a decrease in plasma NA levels corresponded to a decrease in blood pressure 3 to 4 hours after the beginning of hemodialysis. Administration of amezinium, which was thought to increase the plasma NA level, succeeded in maintaining and facilitated maintenance of a favorable blood pressure. The plasma NA concentration was considered to be related to a reduction of blood pressure during hemodialysis.

Female↗

PubMed1989

[Clinical features of stage D prostatic carcinoma].

Sixty seven cases of stage D prostatic carcinoma were analyzed according to age, chief complaints, histopathological types, metastatic sites, and serum acid and alkaline phosphatase levels. In spite of metastasis, which were in 62 cases (92.5%) to bone, in 17 cases (25.4%) to lymph nodes, and in 3 cases (4.5%) to the lung, the most common chief complaints were symptoms related to the primary lesion, such as dysuria and urinary frequency. There was no significant correlation between the incidence of bone metastasis and histopathological type. However, higher incidence of lymph node metastasis was observed in the histological types of moderate and poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma than well differentiated type. When cases were divided into two groups by age, significant differences were observed between younger (64 less than or equal to years old) and older (greater than or equal to 65 years old) groups in the following points: 1) Histopathologically, well differentiated type was not recognized in the younger group, while three histological types of well, moderate and poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, were equally distributed among the older one. 2) Although there was no significant difference in the incidence or the numbers of metastatic sites to bone between the two groups, the younger patients had less symptoms related to bone metastasis. The prominent symptoms in the younger group were complaints about voiding.

Acid Phosphatase↗

PubMed1988

A case of mediastinal germ cell tumor radically operated on after neoadjuvant chemotherapy-combined resection of the superior vena cava and reconstruction with expanded-PTFE graft.

A case of primary mediastinal germ cell tumor, which was radically treated with reconstruction of the superior vena cava (SVC) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, is reported herein. This tumor, accompanied with SVC syndrome, was initially unresectably advanced and chemotherapy, using cis-dichlorodiamine-platinum, vindesine and bleomycin, was administered, resulting in a partial response with a 65 per cent tumor regression. The serum human chorionic gonadotropin, which originally had a high value, became reduced in parallel with the tumor regression to within the normal range. Complete tumor resection with reconstruction of the SVC using an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (EPTFE) graft was successfully performed. The patient has now returned to productive employment and the graft is patent without any clinical symptoms of recurrence, 15 months post-operatively. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is considered to be vitally important for the treatment of germ cell tumors originating in the anterior mediastinum and an EPTFE graft with external ring support seems to be acceptable as an artificial substitute for SVC replacement.

Adult↗

PubMed1988

Binding of organic cations to brush border membrane from rat small intestine.

The binding of six organic cations (chlorpromazine, promethazine, imipramine, diphenhydramine, methochlorpromazine and propantheline) to the brush border membrane isolated from rat small intestine has been investigated. The cations were bound to the membrane to varying extents, the order of binding being chlorpromazine greater than promethazine greater than methochlorpromazine greater than imipramine greater than propantheline greater than diphenhydramine. There was no relation between binding and the chloroform-water partition coefficient. Chlorpromazine binding was significantly decreased in the presence of imipramine, methochlorpromazine and propantheline. Anionic compounds (indomethacin and xanthene-9-carboxylic acid) did not affect chlorpromazine binding. High and low affinity binding of the cations to the intestinal brush border membrane was demonstrated with Scatchard plots and Hill plots. Imipramine and methochlorpromazine inhibited chlorpromazine binding at both binding sites. From the results, it was suggested that the organic cations tested were specifically bound to common binding sites on the brush border membrane.

Animals↗