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Biomedical subjects

H Saitoh

Publications and source records attributed to H Saitoh.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[A case report of surgical treatment in acute aortic dissection: efficacy of retrograde cerebral perfusion and pitfall of image diagnosis].

A 76-year-old man with acute aortic dissection of Stanford type A underwent aortic arch replacement using retrograde cerebral perfusion for 105 minutes. By the preoperative IADSA an entry was detected in the distal arch. There were no neurological complications. But the postoperative IADSA showed that the surgically closed entry was another one from that diagnosed before operation. This case shows us efficacy of retrograde cerebral perfusion which allows more time for arch repair than the technique of deep hypothermia with circulatory arrest and importance of careful and precise evaluation by preoperative image diagnosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Changes in steroid enzyme activities with age in human ovary].

It is well documented that sex hormone secretion decreases as age advances. In this study, 17 alpha-hydroxylase (17hy), 20 alpha(beta)-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase (20-HSD), C17-20 lyase, 17 beta-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase (17 beta-HSD) and aromatase activities in ovarian tissues were examined in order to study the changes in steroid metabolism in human ovary with age. Tissues were obtained from women aged 30-81 years who had undergone gynecological laparotomy. Enzyme activities were measured by the conversion of 14C-labeled progesterone, 17 alpha-hydroxy progesterone and androstenedione to amounts of corresponding labeled products. Remarkable reduction of C17-20 lyase and 17hy activities were noticed in the ovaries obtained from the women in the premenopausal stage when the activities were compared with those from reproduct women. However, the activities of aromatase, 17 beta-HSD and 20-HSD were not changed. Further, a decrease of 17hy activities was observed in the ovaries obtained from menopausal women. Aromatase activity was also reduced at this stage while the 17 beta-HSD and 20-HSD remained unchanged. In addition, the formation of 17 alpha, 20 beta-OH-P4 from 17P4 was first demonstrated indicating that activity of 20 beta-HSD in postmenopausal ovary and found to be localized in the microsomal fraction. These result indicated that the changes of ovarian steroid enzyme activities with age were characterized by a striking reduction in C17-20 lyase and 17hy activities while 17 beta-HSD and 20-HSD activities were not impaired. Aromatase activity was found to be decreased in ovaries at menopause.

17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed1992

[Anti-thrombotic and anti-atherogenic action of eicosapentaenoic acid].

Epidemiological studies performed in Greenland Eskimos and Japanese indicated that ingestion of fish meat rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), reduces the incidence of cerebro- and cardiovascular thrombotic diseases. Therefore, the effect of administration of purified EPA, derived from sardine oil, on hemorrheological properties and serum lipids in patients with thrombotic disorders was studied. Dietary supplementation of EPA resulted in decrease in platelet aggregability with reduction of TXA2 production, prolongation of bleeding time, decrease of platelet adhesiveness, increase of red cell deformability, and improvement of serum lipid concentration. Decrease in platelet TXA2 production may be ascribed to the decrease in arachidonate (AA) content of platelet membrane, inhibition of AA release from platelet membrane and competitive inhibition of AA metabolism at the level of cyclo-oxygenase, by EPA. Administration of EPA increased PGI2 production in the rat thoracic aorta and co-culture of rat aorta smooth muscle cell with EPA also increased PGI2 production, but suppressed smooth muscle cell proliferation. This may be explained by a EPA-derived peroxide stimulation of cyclo-oxygenase activity. Administration of EPA decreased platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) production in rat peritoneal macrophages. In EPA-rich peritoneal macrophages from rat given EPA, incorporation of acetyl LDL and accumulation of cholesterol in macrophages decreased. This may indicate that dietary supplementation of EPA suppress foam cell formation. An interesting finding is that EPA-rich LDL obtained from rabbits given EPA is less susceptible to Cu(2+)-catalyzed oxidative modification. This seems to indicate that EPA may also suppress lipid peroxidation of lipoprotein.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Arachidonic Acid↗
PubMed1992

[Recovery of ovarian function during postpartum period].

To determine the effect of serum prolactin (PRL) on the recovery of ovarian function in the postpartum period, FSH, PRL, estradiol (E2), and 17 alpha-OH-progesterone (17-P) levels were measured in postpartum women and the levels were compared with those in patients treated with bromocriptine. In addition, hMG was given for two days on the 10th and 30th postpartum days to the mothers treated with/without bromocriptine. On the 10th day, FSH levels tended to increase and the E2 and 17-P levels were significantly increased by bromocriptine treatment and these levels are compatible to those on the 30th day in the control group. Although no apparent change in E2 and 17-P levels was observed before and after hMG administration in the control, a significant increase in E2 on the 30th day and in 17-P on the 10th and 30th day was observed when the patients were treated with bromocriptine. These results suggest that high concentrations of PRL in the postpartum period suppressed the ovarian function not only due to the low gonadotropin secretion but also to the poor ovarian response to gonadotropin. 17-P seems to be preceded by estradiol secretion in the recovery of ovarian function during the postpartum period.

17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone↗
PubMed1991

The lectin wheat germ agglutinin stimulates a protein-tyrosine kinase activity of p72syk in porcine splenocytes.

We previously reported a molecular cloning of porcine gene syk encoding a non-receptor type 72-kDa protein-tyrosine kinase and a generation of anti-CPTK40 antibodies which could immunoprecipitate the activity of p72syk (Taniguchi et al. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266, 15790-15796). In this study, we have demonstrated that wheat germ agglutinin caused an increase in the autophosphorylation activity of p72syk which preceded an increase of protein-tyrosine phosphorylation observed at the same time in porcine splenocyte. The increase of p72syk activity was dose dependent and was inhibited by the coexistence of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. Upon stimulation by the combination of 4 beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and ionophore A23187, we could not detect the increase of activity of p72syk suggesting that the activation of p72syk was independent of protein kinase C and calcium ions.

Acetylglucosamine↗
PubMed1991

[CT findings of muscular dystrophy: limb girdle type (LG), myotonic type (MYD) and Duchenne type (DMD)].

CT scans of muscles in patients with LG, MYD and DMD were obtained at five different body levels: the neck, L3 vertebral body, pelvic girdle, thigh and lower leg. CT numbers, cross sectional areas (CSA) and %CSA of muscle or fat were evaluated in each muscle. The characteristic CT patterns for each type of muscular dystrophy were obtained. Compared with DMD, the gracilis and soleus were more severely damaged in LG and the biceps femoris remained relatively preserved among the hamstrings. In addition, the multifidus of the neck and sternocleidomastoid also were more severely damaged in MYD. This study suggests that CT scan will be useful in the differential diagnosis of these types of muscular dystrophy as well as in planning appropriate rehabilitation and detecting damaged muscles.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Occupancy of the majority of DNA in the chicken W chromosome by bent-repetitive sequences.

Another family of repetitive sequences, designated the EcoRI family, was found in the DNA of the chicken W chromosome by hybridization with the W chromosome-specific XhoI family probe under conditions of low stringency. A 1.2 kb EcoRI fragment, the major repeating unit of the family, was cloned and sequenced. The 1.2 kb unit showed an overall sequence similarity of about 68% to the 0.7 kb XhoI family repeating unit and it consisted of tandem repeats of average length 21 bp, most of which contained (A)3-5 and (T)3-4 clusters separated by 6-8 G + C-rich sequences. These features and its behavior as a strongly bent molecule in solution were very similar to those found for other W chromosome-specific repetitive sequences in the order Galliformes: XhoI family of chicken, PstI family of turkey and TaqI family of pheasant. The cloned 1.2 kb unit contained 78 CpG dinucleotide sequences and those that were in HapII, HhaI and BstUI sites were shown to be extensively methylated in the genomic DNA. Repetition frequencies of the 1.2 kb unit among the female population of chicken fell into high- and low-level classes, which accounted for about 30% and 10%, respectively, of the DNA in the W chromosome. Thus, 70% to 90% of the DNA in the chicken W chromosome was shown to be occupied by bent-repetitive sequences. The EcoRI and XhoI family sequences were not intermingled over the short range but each family formed a unique domain ranging from one to several million base pairs.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Possible metastatic routes via portacaval shunts in renal adenocarcinoma with liver metastasis.

Renal adenocarcinoma findings from autopsies on patients with and without liver metastasis (635 and 936 patients, respectively) were investigated concerning the mode of metastasis. The patients with liver metastasis showed a significantly higher frequency of metastases to the lungs, lymph nodes, contralateral kidney, adrenals, pancreas, spleen, peritoneum, and intestines; in the female patients, those with liver metastasis had a higher frequency of metastasis to the ovary and uterus than patients without liver metastasis. Some of the metastases to those organs are explainable by venous spread via portacaval shunts as well as ordinary hematogenous or lymphogenous spread, especially, those to the contralateral kidney, adrenals, spleen, intestines, or ovary.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Gene transfer into human leukemia cell lines by electroporation: experience with exponentially decaying and square wave pulse.

The efficiency of gene transfer into human leukemia cell lines by electroporation was investigated. For both transient expression (beta-galactosidase gene) and stable transformation (neomycin resistance gene), the transfer efficiency into leukemia cell lines using a square wave pulse was superior to that using an exponentially decaying wave. The transfer rate of pMoZtk (containing beta-galactosidase gene) into K562 by electroporation using a square wave was approximately 5%, compared with 1% by an exponentially decaying pulse. Whereas the transfer rate of pMAM-neo into K562 by electroporation using an exponentially decaying pulse was less than 10(-5), a square wave generated much more efficient introduction rate of nearly 10(-3). In the other leukemia cell lines also, some square wave yields were better than exponential yields and all square wave yields were at least as good as the exponential yields.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed1991

Purification and properties of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase from the tissue of human benign prostatic hypertrophy.

The enzyme of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase was purified to homogeneity from the tissue of human benign prostatic hypertrophy and its enzyme properties were studied. The enzyme activity was detected mainly in the luminal border of the epithelium lining ducts by histochemical staining. The enzyme was purified 759-fold that of the crude extract. The specific activity of the purified enzyme was 79,900 mU/mg protein. The following enzyme properties were obtained: Michaelis constant of the enzyme was 0.83 mmol/l. The molecular weight was 72 kDa, consisting of two subunits, 45 kDa and 27 kDa. The isoelectric point of the enzyme was 8.5. The optimum pH ranged from 8.2 to 8.5. By Concanavalin A-sepharose affinity chromatography, more than 60% of the enzyme activity was eluted in the weakly bound fraction, suggesting biantennary complex sugar chain was the major type among the asparagine-linked sugar-chains of the enzyme.

Chromatography, Affinity↗
PubMed1991

An important role of non-NMDA receptors in the expression of kindled amygdaloid seizure in rats.

gamma-D-glutamylaminomethylsulphonic acid (GAMS), a preferential antagonist of non-NMDA receptors (kainate and quisqualate receptors), was injected into the kindled amygdala (AM) of rats. When the kindled AM was stimulated at the previously established generalized seizure triggering threshold (GST) one hour after the GAMS (1 or 2 mumol) injection, afterdischarge (AD) generation was completely suppressed. However, a re-stimulation at the intensity of 40-200 microA above the GST generated AD associated with Stage 1 or 5 seizure. Our result suggests an important role played by non-NMDA receptors in the expression and generalization of AM-onset seizures.

Amygdala↗
PubMed1991

Gastrointestinal absorption of quaternary ammonium compounds correlated to their binding to small intestinal brush border membrane in rat.

The relationship between absorption of quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) from rat intestine and their in-vitro binding to isolated brush-border membrane has been examined, using a series of n-alkyltrimethylammoniums. The binding of these QACs gradually increased with each extension of unbranched hydrocarbon chain from octyltrimethylammonium to tetradecyltrimethylammonium. However, hexyltrimethylammonium and heptyltrimethylammonium failed to bind to the membrane. On the other hand, the disappearance of these QACs from rat jejunal loop also increased with the length of hydrocarbon chain over the range of 8.9 to 71.3%. A good correlation was found between binding to the brush-border membrane and disappearance from jejunal loop. From these results, it was suggested that the size of the hydrophobic part of a QAC molecule was a principal determinant of both absorption and membrane binding, and that the absorption of QACs with an appropriate sized hydrophobic part, was closely associated with the degree of binding to the membrane.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Clinical application of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy to cerebral ischemia.

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) with the depth resolved surface coil spectroscopy technique and the 1331-2662 water suppression method was used to examine two cerebral ischemia patients and 10 normal volunteers. In all cases, N-acetyl-aspartate, creatine, phosphocreatine, and residual lipid were clearly observed. No lactic acid peak was observed in normal volunteers, but a large lactic acid peak appeared in the early stage of cerebral ischemia. This MRS abnormality was observed before abnormalities appeared in conventional imaging such as computed tomographic scanning and magnetic resonance imaging.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Drug-induced hypotension SEP test and acetazolamide test using 133Xe SPECT in patients with occlusive carotid disease--selection of candidates for extracranial-intracranial bypass.

The correlation between the drug-induced hypotension somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) test and regional cerebral blood flow changes after acetazolamide administration was studied. Fourteen patients presenting with transient ischemic attack, reversible ischemic neurological deficits, or minor completed stroke were evaluated. All patients had no or only localized low-density areas on computed tomographic scans, and unilateral occlusion or severe stenosis of the internal carotid or middle cerebral artery on cerebral angiograms. The Diamox asymmetry enhancement (DAE) was studied to detect reduced cerebral perfusion reserve in the affected hemispheres. The DAE was 7.9 +/- 5.8% in seven patients positive in the SEP test, significantly higher than -1.5 +/- 2.9% in patients negative in the SEP test. Postoperative SEP tests were negative in all five patients who underwent extracranial-intracranial (EC-IC) bypass surgery, suggesting that the EC-IC bypass improved the cerebral perfusion reserve in the affected hemispheres. The DAE decreased significantly in four of these patients. This study disclosed a significant correlation between the drug-induced hypotension SEP test and DAE. These parameters are considered important for evaluating patients with hemodynamic compromise and/or suitable candidates for EC-IC bypass.

Acetazolamide↗
PubMed1991

[Significance of prostatic acid phosphatase, gamma-seminoprotein and prostatic specific antigen in the urine. First report: the measurement of PAP, gamma-Sm and PA in the urine of patients with prostatic diseases].

To study the significance of prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), gamma-seminoprotein (gamma-Sm) and prostatic specific antigen (PA) in urine, we have determined the urinary levels of these proteins in women and infants, in patients without prostatic disease, in patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy, and in patients with prostatic adenocarcinoma. Women and infants were found to excrete little PAP (27.9 +/- 4.8 ng/mg) and undetectable levels of gamma-Sm except one case, and undetectable levels of PA in the urine. The excretion of PAP in patients with prostatic carcinoma who were either castrated, or treated with endocrine therapy was lower than the levels in women and infants, or the levels in patients without prostatic diseases, or the levels in patients with BPH. Urinary excretion levels of gamma-Sm and PA were undetectable in the patients with well-controlled prostatic carcinoma. The present study suggests that the determination of PAP, gamma-Sm and PA in the urine of patients with prostatic carcinoma may become a useful tool for monitoring of the primary locus of the carcinoma, but additional assays of urinary PAP, gamma-Sm and PA should be measured at regular intervals to be concluded.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1991

Immune response of the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) to sheep red blood cells.

The immune responses of Mongolian gerbils, Meriones unguiculatus, to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) were studied as compared to those of mice. After a single injection of SRBC, hemagglutinin titers in gerbils were significantly lower and hemolytic plaque-forming cells (PFC) in the spleen were less in number as compared to the response of mice. In gerbils the PFC response to a higher dose of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was rather higher than in mice. The delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) assay on the foot-pad revealed that the responsiveness was considerably lower in gerbils than in mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Neurological sequelae caused by surgical procedures during adenoidectomy under anesthesia].

A five-year old boy with good risk was anesthetized with nitrous-oxide and halothane under orotracheal intubation for adenoidectomy and tubing of bilateral middle-ear cavities. Patient was on supine position with extension of neck. A mouth-gag was applied and the pharynx was packed with gauze. After long unskilled surgical procedures, severe neurological complications which were initiated with severe arrhythmias and followed by signs of paralysis of bilateral IX, X, XI, XII cranial nerves at their nuclei in medulla oblongata, were observed during the post-anesthetic period. The patient was saved with neurological sequelae of the cranial nerves and is alive after 6 years from the incident. The causes of this complications were discussed.

Adenoidectomy↗