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Biomedical subjects

H Sadek

Publications and source records attributed to H Sadek.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Replantation of traumatic amputated ears by Mladick procedure: 6 cases].

UNLABELLED: Traumatic ear amputations are relatively rare. Whenever possible, ear reimplantation should be attempted, however the choice of the surgical procedure must be judicious. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We present 6 cases of partial ear amputation treated by the pocket technique described by Mladick. The series comprises 5 partial amputations severing less than half of the auricule and 1 subtotal amputation preserving the ear lobule. RESULTS: Necrosis of the avulsed fragment occurred in the only case of subtotal amputation. In the 5 other cases the revascularisation of the severed part was successful. Morphological results are often very good when the ear is freed from the pocket before 4 weeks. Beyond this delay skin grafting is necessary and inaesthetic scar retraction occurs. CONCLUSION: The success rate depends on the size and the degree of contusion of the amputated ear. We recommend the Mladick's procedure for reimplantation of fragments less than 1/2 of the auricle with favorable tissue condition. We believe that other procedures described in the literature could offer a good alternative for amputations exceeding half of the ear pavilion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

[Facial injuries treated in the Grenoble University Hospital. Epidemiological analysis of 961 patients managed in one year].

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to determine the types of facial injuries treated in a one-year in a maxillo-facial unit operating in a mountainous region. METHODS: All patients admitted to the Grenoble University Hospital maxillo-facial unit for a one year period were studied. We noted cause of trauma, age, sex, type and location of fracture, type of soft tissue injury, time between trauma and surgery. RESULTS: A total of 994 patients presenting maxillo-facial trauma underwent surgery over one year; 30% of the unit's maxillo-facial surgical activity. On average, 80 patients were treated for maxillo-facial trauma per month, with a peak of 97 facial injuries in July; 65.6% were hospitalized in the maxillo-facial unit; 25,4% of the injured were aged between 21 and 30 years. Sex-ratio was 2.7M/1F. The most frequent cause was sports injuries (25.8%) followed, in decreasing order, by traffic injuries (23.1%), home injuries (17.6%), fight injuries (3.4%), work injuries (3.4%) and dog bites (3.2%). 10.5% of the injuries occurred in a mountainous setting and 40.7% were sports injuries, 95% of which during practice of winter's sports. Injuries included facial fractures (65.5%) with or without soft tissue damage, and soft tissue injuries only (34.5%); 33.6% of the patients had other lesions of the body. 67.2% underwent surgery within the first 24 hours and 86.9% before the fifth day. DISCUSSION: Sports accidents are the leading cause of facial trauma in the mountainous regions. Most facial injuries result from ski, surf and other winter sports accidents. Most of the victims were given surgical care within the first 24 hours following the accident.

Accidents, Home↗
PubMed2005

[Fractures of the mandibular angle: factors predictive of infectious complications].

INTRODUCTION: Fractures of the mandible angle raise the risk of infectious complications. We searched for factors predictive of these complications. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We reviewed retrospective all cases of mandibular angle fracture treated during a 26-month period. We compared two groups: fractures with wisdom teeth and fractures without wisdom tooth. For each group we noted clinical and radiological characteristics of the fractures and infectious complications. RESULTS: The series included 72 mandibular angle fractures, 30 with a wisdom tooth against 42 without. Most of the patients were treated within 2 days, generally using mini-plate screw fixation. In the wisdom tooth group, 16.6% of patients developed infectious complications versus 9.5% in the without wisdom tooth group. All patients of the wisdom tooth group presented a potentially infectious focus on the preoperative x-rays. For without wisdom tooth group, irregular follow-up was found to be the only risk factor. DISCUSSION: The angular localization increases the risk of infectious complications especially if the wisdom tooth is in the fracture. We propose a decision tree to determine when to preserve or not the wisdom tooth.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Beyond the lips. Reconstructive techniques and indications].

Labial tissue defects that extend beyond the anatomic boundary of the labial region confront us with two distinct reconstructive problems. When the extension is centrifugal towards the periphery, the tissue loss is essentially tegumentary. The reconstructive aim in this case is not only to restore tissues of the perilabial areas with the best possible morphologic and functional harmony but also to place the reconstructed lip harmoniously and in good relation to these structures. In the case of posterior extension of tissue losses towards the jaws, it is mandatory to reconstruct the underlying bony and eventually alveolo-dental architecture prior to the lip reconstruction. The reconstruction strategy is emphasised by two cases of complex ballistic injury.

Humans↗
PubMed2002

Genome-wide scans of three independent sets of 90 Irish multiplex schizophrenia families and follow-up of selected regions in all families provides evidence for multiple susceptibility genes.

From our linkage study of Irish families with a high density of schizophrenia, we have previously reported evidence for susceptibility genes in regions 5q21-31, 6p24-21, 8p22-21, and 10p15-p11. In this report, we describe the cumulative results from independent genome scans of three a priori random subsets of 90 families each, and from multipoint analysis of all 270 families in ten regions. Of these ten regions, three (13q32, 18p11-q11, and 18q22-23) did not generate scores above the empirical baseline pairwise scan results, and one (6q13-26) generated a weak signal. Six other regions produced more positive pairwise and multipoint results. They showed the following maximum multipoint H-LOD (heterogeneity LOD) and NPL scores: 2p14-13: 0.89 (P = 0.06) and 2.08 (P = 0.02), 4q24-32: 1.84 (P = 0.007) and 1.67 (P = 0.03), 5q21-31: 2.88 (P= 0.0007), and 2.65 (P = 0.002), 6p25-24: 2.13 (P = 0.005) and 3.59 (P = 0.0005), 6p23: 2.42 (P = 0.001) and 3.07 (P = 0.001), 8p22-21: 1.57 (P = 0.01) and 2.56 (P = 0.005), 10p15-11: 2.04 (P = 0.005) and 1.78 (P = 0.03). The degree of 'internal replication' across subsets differed, with 5q, 6p, and 8p being most consistent and 2p and 10p being least consistent. On 6p, the data suggested the presence of two susceptibility genes, in 6p25-24 and 6p23-22. Very few families were positive on more than one region, and little correlation between regions was evident, suggesting substantial locus heterogeneity. The levels of statistical significance were modest, as expected from loci contributing to complex traits. However, our internal replications, when considered along with the positive results obtained in multiple other samples, suggests that most of these six regions are likely to contain genes that influence liability to schizophrenia.

Chromosome Mapping↗
PubMed2001

Microleakage of three sealants following conventional, bur, and air-abrasion preparation of pits and fissures.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to compare the microleakage of a filled sealant with a drying agent (UltraSeal XT plus), a filled sealant (Prismashield) and an unfilled sealant (Delton), after conventional, bur, and air-abrasion tooth preparation techniques. SETTING: The study was completed in a clinical setting at the Simulated Practice Environment Clinic, School of Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada. SAMPLE AND METHODS: One hundred and eighty extracted teeth were cleaned and divided randomly into three groups. Group 1 was prepared using acid etch only. Group 2 was prepared with a 1/4 round bur in a low-speed handpiece followed by acid etching. Group 3 was prepared with high speed (120PSI) microabrasion using 27 microm alpha-alumina particles in a Midwest Airtouch unit. The teeth in each group were randomly assigned to one of the three subgroups according to the sealant applied. Subgroup A was sealed with a filled sealant with drying agent, B with a filled sealant only, and C with an unfilled sealant. All teeth were stored in artificial saliva for 7 days at 37 degrees C. After this, the teeth were coated with nail varnish 1 mm from the sealant and immersed in 1% methylene blue dye for 48 h at 37 degrees C. Each tooth was sectioned at four locations buccolingually and a total of 665 sections were ranked (0-3) for microleakage. Statistical analysis was completed using the Chi-squared test and Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: UltraSeal XT plus, the filled sealant with drying agent, showed significantly less microleakage than the other two sealants (P < 0.05). Delton, the unfilled sealant, showed significantly less microleakage than Prismashield, the filled sealant (P < 0.05). Air abrasion with acid etch showed significantly less microleakage than either bur with acid etch or acid etch alone. There was however, no significant difference between the bur and acid etch tooth preparations (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: UltraSeal XT plus was the most effective sealant for preventing microleakage in this study. The most successful method of preparation was air abrasion with acid etch.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed2000

Haplotypes of four novel single nucleotide polymorphisms in the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor beta2-subunit (CHRNB2) gene show no association with smoking initiation or nicotine dependence.

Several types of evidence, including experiments with mice that lack the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor beta2-subunit gene (CHRNB2), have suggested that a beta2-containing nicotinic receptor is necessary for at least some of the reinforcing properties of nicotine. However, sequence variations in CHRNB2 have not been reported, and its role in influencing human smoking behavior and nicotine dependence is not known. We screened most of the introns and exons and found five novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). We tested four of these SNPs in three large, carefully selected samples: nonsmokers (n = 317) and regular smokers low levels of nicotine dependence (ND, n = 238), or smokers with high-ND (n = 317). None of the four polymorphisms we tested, nor their estimated haplotypes, were associated with smoking initiation or progression to nicotine dependence.

DNA↗
PubMed2000

[Prominent ears: a simple ambulatory technique under local anesthetic].

We present a simple otoplasty technique for the correction of prominent ears. Children can be operated starting from 8 years old, after meticulous analysis of the deformity which usually associates chonchal malposition and failure of scapha folding. Chonchal malposition can be corrected by a posterior access and chonchal-mastoid sutures. Failure of scapha folding can be corrected by an anterior access, cartilage scoring and mattress sutures. Our retrospective study of 368 patients shows 83% very good and good results. The morbidity rate is low and comparable to that of other studies. This technique is simple, didactic, easily performed under local anesthesia on an outpatient basis. Moreover, it is not aggressive and is easily adaptable to various deformities.

Ambulatory Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed1999

Susceptibility genes for nicotine dependence: a genome scan and followup in an independent sample suggest that regions on chromosomes 2, 4, 10, 16, 17 and 18 merit further study.

Cigarette smoking is associated with considerable morbidity, mortality, and public health costs. Genetic factors influence both smoking initiation and nicotine dependence, but none of the genes involved have been identified. A genome scan using 451 markers was conducted to identify chromosomal regions linked to nicotine dependence in a collection of 130 families containing 343 genotyped individuals (308 nicotine-dependent) from Christchurch, New Zealand. By pairwise analysis, the best result was with marker D2S1326 which gave a lod score under heterogeneity (H-LOD) of 2.63 (P=0.0012) and a nonparametric linkage (NPL, Zall) score of 2.65 (P=0.0011). To identify regions that warranted further study, rather than comparing the pairwise scores from the scan to theoretical thresholds, we compared them to an empirical baseline, found here to be H-LOD scores of 0.5 and Zall scores of 1.0. We also found a number of large (31-88 cM) regions where many (8-16) consecutive markers yielded small but positive Zall scores. Selected regions of chromosomes 2, 4, 10, 16, 17 and 18 were investigated further by additional genotyping of the Christchurch sample and an independent sample from Richmond, Virginia (91 families with 264 genotyped individuals, 211 nicotine-dependent). Multipoint nonparametric analysis showed the following maximums for the Christchurch sample: Chr. 2 (Zlr=2.61, P=0.005), Chr. 4 (Zlr=1.36, P=0.09), Chr. 10 (Zlr=2.43, P=0.008), Chr. 16 (Zlr=0.85, P=0.19), Chr. 17 (Zlr=1.64, P=0.05), Chr. 18 (Zlr=1.54, P=0.06). Analysis of the Richmond sample showed the following maximums: Chr. 2 (Zlr=1.00, P=0.15), Chr. 4 (Zlr=0.39, P=0.34), Chr. 10 (Zlr=1.21, P=0.11), Chr. 16 (Zlr=1.11, P=0.13), Chr. 17 (Zlr=1.60, P=0.05), Chr. 18 (Zlr=1.33, P=0.09). It is probable that the small samples used here provided only limited power to detect linkage. It may have been difficult therefore to detect genes of small effect, or those that are influencing risk in only a small proportion of the families. When simply judged against the usual standards of linkage significance, none of the individual regions yielded strong evidence in either sample. Some or all of the most positive results in the genome scan of the Christchurch sample, therefore, could be due to chance. However, the presence in the Christchurch scan of multiple large regions containing many consecutive positive markers, coupled with the relatively positive results in these same regions in the Richmond sample, suggests that some of these regions may contain genes influencing nicotine dependence and therefore deserve further study.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Supportive care of cancer patients in Dubai.

Supportive care of cancer patients starts from the first day of diagnosis. It is a comprehensive approach involving psychosocial, physical and spiritual supports. Maximum efforts are put in to keep the patients as comfortable as possible during diagnosis, during treatment and during the terminal stages of their disease.

Female↗
PubMed1996

Three-dimensional fetal cephalometry.

Craniofacial growth has been the subject of numerous studies in which different techniques have been elaborated aiming to model this dynamic phenomenon in a rational manner. One of the methods employed is cephalometric analysis applied to the fetus. Generally, however, these studies are confined to the exploration of a single spatial plane (sagittal plane), whose orientation is never defined in a rigorous and perfectly reproducible manner. Thus, none of these analyses offers a formal growth model. This has led us to propose a new method of fetal cephalometric study taking into account criteria for proper reproducible analysis: spatial exploration of the head performed through three-dimensional tomodensitometric images and precise location of landmarks and reproducibility of the orientation of each image, which is assured by reference to the vestibular orientation (based on the external semicircular canals), as has been described by Girard and Perez and further developed by Fenart. When the labyrinth is developed, this orientation does not change during the growth stages of the head, even with craniofacial deformities. This permits application of this orientation on fetuses and the superposition of images of different subjects. The methodology is presented using two normal human fetuses, and the advantages of this computerized tool are discussed.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1992

[Mountain sports: their role in 2200 facial injuries occurring over 4 years at the University Hospital Center in Grenoble].

Injuries caused by mountain sports account for many of the injuries admitted to the University Hospital of Grenoble. Out of 4,490 traumas, 470 were injuries sustained during the practice of mountain sports. While the frequency of these accidents does not evolve much, the etiological distribution depends on fashion. Thus an increasing number of lesions caused by cross-country biking has been noted during the past two years. We find it urgent to propose protective measures adapted to this new sport.

Accidents↗
PubMed1990

Treatment of advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the skin with cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and bleomycin.

The authors treated 14 patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin or lip with one to four cycles of combination chemotherapy consisting of cisplatin by bolus injection, and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and bleomycin by continuous 5-day infusion. Objective responses were seen in 11 of the 13 evaluable patients (84%). Four patients had a complete remission (30%) and seven patients, a partial remission (54%). Local control after definitive complementary radiation and/or surgical treatment was achieved in seven patients. Toxic side effects was acceptable; they consisted of nausea and vomiting in all patients, transient skin changes, hematologic (Grade 3/4) abnormalities in four patients, and pulmonary fibrosis in one elderly patient. These results show that this chemotherapy combination could play a role in reducing the tumor mass and in facilitating definitive treatment to obtain better functional and cosmetic results in advanced SCC of the skin.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Role of micro-anastomosed muscular transplantation in corrective surgery of permanent facial paralysis].

Vascularized and reinnervated transfer of a muscle from the body to the face is never a simple procedure. It is important to evaluate the pre-operative state of facial muscles. It is difficult to define the correct indications for the various surgical techniques proposed: muscle selection, selection of recipient vessels, selection of a reinnervation method, the positioning of the transferred muscle. The authors present a series of 12 cases of long standing facial paralysis for more than 3 years. Results are presented. The authors think that the ideal muscular transfer is still unknown. In principle, nothing can replace facial muscles except facial muscles. Currently, the authors prefer the latissimus dorsi flap with partial transfer. For reinnervation, the facial nerve must take the priority, while all other reinnervation technics should take second place. In all cases, great attention must be paid to the positioning of the muscle, the usefulness of conventional palliative procedures and the continuous moral support to all of these patients.

Facial Paralysis↗
PubMed1985

Small sucrose density gradients: reproducible and automatic fractionation using a commercial fraction collector (Pharmacia).

A simple, inexpensive modification of a programmable commercial fraction collector (Frac 100; Pharmacia, Sweden) was described. This modification allowed reproducible automatic fractionation of small sucrose gradients by rinsing the hanging drop at the delivery head of the fraction collector into the sampling tube, using signals from the fraction collector to control this specialized function. The described principle may also be useful whenever fraction size is near to drop volume and high resolution and reproducibility are desired.

Animals↗